Response of the flow dynamics of Bowdoin Glacier, northwestern Greenland, to basal lubrication and tidal forcing

We use the full-Stokes model Elmer/Ice to investigate the present dynamics of Bowdoin Glacier, a marine-terminating outlet glacier in northwestern Greenland. Short-term speed variations of the glacier were observed, correlating with air temperature and precipitation, and with the semi-diurnal ocean...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of Glaciology
Main Authors: HAKIME SEDDIK, RALF GREVE, DAIKI SAKAKIBARA, SHUN TSUTAKI, MASAHIRO MINOWA, SHIN SUGIYAMA
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: Cambridge University Press 2019
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2018.106
https://doaj.org/article/684b0fea3b6d4901aa80f947e6fd74d4
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Summary:We use the full-Stokes model Elmer/Ice to investigate the present dynamics of Bowdoin Glacier, a marine-terminating outlet glacier in northwestern Greenland. Short-term speed variations of the glacier were observed, correlating with air temperature and precipitation, and with the semi-diurnal ocean tides. We use a control inverse method to determine the distribution of basal friction. This reveals that most of the glacier area is characterized by near-plug-flow conditions, while some sticky spots are also identified. We then conduct experiments to test the sensitivity of the glacier flow to basal lubrication and tidal forcing at the calving front. Reduction of the basal drag by 10–40% produces speed-ups that agree approximately with the observed range of speed-ups that result from warm weather and precipitation events. In agreement with the observations, tidal forcing and surface speed near the calving front are found to be in anti-phase (high tide corresponds to low speed, and vice versa). However, the amplitude of the semi-diurnal variability is underpredicted by a factor ~ 3, which is likely related to either inaccuracies in the surface and bedrock topographies or mechanical weakening due to crevassing.