Structure of the Ob-Yenisei plume in the Kara Sea shortly before autumn ice formation
The major Siberian rivers form large river plumes in the Arctic Ocean, which govern structure of the sea surface layer at the Arctic shelf. These river plumes were explicitly studied during the warm period in summer and early autumn characterized by high river runoff and ice-free conditions. However...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1129331 https://doaj.org/article/66d40ce9369e47a7b71a90fdaaf4259c |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:66d40ce9369e47a7b71a90fdaaf4259c 2023-05-15T15:00:28+02:00 Structure of the Ob-Yenisei plume in the Kara Sea shortly before autumn ice formation Alexander Osadchiev Zinaida Zabudkina Vladimir Rogozhin Dmitry Frey Alexandra Gordey Eduard Spivak Anatoly Salyuk Igor Semiletov Roman Sedakov 2023-03-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1129331 https://doaj.org/article/66d40ce9369e47a7b71a90fdaaf4259c EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2023.1129331/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2023.1129331 https://doaj.org/article/66d40ce9369e47a7b71a90fdaaf4259c Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 10 (2023) river plume autumn convection stratification surface layer Ob Yenisei Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 article 2023 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1129331 2023-03-12T01:30:19Z The major Siberian rivers form large river plumes in the Arctic Ocean, which govern structure of the sea surface layer at the Arctic shelf. These river plumes were explicitly studied during the warm period in summer and early autumn characterized by high river runoff and ice-free conditions. However, little is known about processes, which occur within these river plumes at the beginning of the cold season, i.e., during late autumn shortly before sea ice formation. In this study, we report in situ measurements performed in the Kara Sea in late October in 2020, 2021, and 2022. We reveal that intense convection occurs in the Ob-Yenisei plume due to heat loss from the surface layer, which is caused by transport of cold air from land to the central part of the Kara Sea. This process induces homogenization of the Ob-Yenisei plume and results in extremely sharp salinity jump (up to 10-12 at vertical distance of 1-2 m) between the plume and the subjacent seawater. This sharp gradient is not formed at the whole area of the plume except, first, at the Ob and Yenisei gulfs due to low surface salinities and the related high temperatures of maximal density and, second, at the lateral boundary of the plume due to intense horizontal mixing across the plume-sea border. As a result, autumn convection significantly modifies vertical structure of the Ob-Yenisei plume that could affect its further spreading below sea ice during winter season. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Ocean Kara Sea Sea ice Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Arctic Ocean Kara Sea Frontiers in Marine Science 10 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
river plume autumn convection stratification surface layer Ob Yenisei Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
spellingShingle |
river plume autumn convection stratification surface layer Ob Yenisei Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 Alexander Osadchiev Zinaida Zabudkina Vladimir Rogozhin Dmitry Frey Alexandra Gordey Eduard Spivak Anatoly Salyuk Igor Semiletov Roman Sedakov Structure of the Ob-Yenisei plume in the Kara Sea shortly before autumn ice formation |
topic_facet |
river plume autumn convection stratification surface layer Ob Yenisei Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
description |
The major Siberian rivers form large river plumes in the Arctic Ocean, which govern structure of the sea surface layer at the Arctic shelf. These river plumes were explicitly studied during the warm period in summer and early autumn characterized by high river runoff and ice-free conditions. However, little is known about processes, which occur within these river plumes at the beginning of the cold season, i.e., during late autumn shortly before sea ice formation. In this study, we report in situ measurements performed in the Kara Sea in late October in 2020, 2021, and 2022. We reveal that intense convection occurs in the Ob-Yenisei plume due to heat loss from the surface layer, which is caused by transport of cold air from land to the central part of the Kara Sea. This process induces homogenization of the Ob-Yenisei plume and results in extremely sharp salinity jump (up to 10-12 at vertical distance of 1-2 m) between the plume and the subjacent seawater. This sharp gradient is not formed at the whole area of the plume except, first, at the Ob and Yenisei gulfs due to low surface salinities and the related high temperatures of maximal density and, second, at the lateral boundary of the plume due to intense horizontal mixing across the plume-sea border. As a result, autumn convection significantly modifies vertical structure of the Ob-Yenisei plume that could affect its further spreading below sea ice during winter season. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Alexander Osadchiev Zinaida Zabudkina Vladimir Rogozhin Dmitry Frey Alexandra Gordey Eduard Spivak Anatoly Salyuk Igor Semiletov Roman Sedakov |
author_facet |
Alexander Osadchiev Zinaida Zabudkina Vladimir Rogozhin Dmitry Frey Alexandra Gordey Eduard Spivak Anatoly Salyuk Igor Semiletov Roman Sedakov |
author_sort |
Alexander Osadchiev |
title |
Structure of the Ob-Yenisei plume in the Kara Sea shortly before autumn ice formation |
title_short |
Structure of the Ob-Yenisei plume in the Kara Sea shortly before autumn ice formation |
title_full |
Structure of the Ob-Yenisei plume in the Kara Sea shortly before autumn ice formation |
title_fullStr |
Structure of the Ob-Yenisei plume in the Kara Sea shortly before autumn ice formation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Structure of the Ob-Yenisei plume in the Kara Sea shortly before autumn ice formation |
title_sort |
structure of the ob-yenisei plume in the kara sea shortly before autumn ice formation |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1129331 https://doaj.org/article/66d40ce9369e47a7b71a90fdaaf4259c |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Kara Sea |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Kara Sea |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Kara Sea Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Kara Sea Sea ice |
op_source |
Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 10 (2023) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2023.1129331/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2023.1129331 https://doaj.org/article/66d40ce9369e47a7b71a90fdaaf4259c |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1129331 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
10 |
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1766332565180907520 |