Efficacy and safety of praziquantel against Schistosoma haematobium in the Ikata-Likoko area of southwest Cameroon

Abstract Background Schistosomiasis remains a parasitic infection of public health importance especially in Africa south of the Sahara including Cameroon. Chemotherapy using praziquantel has been the most effective and widespread control measure used. However, there are reports of reduced efficacy o...

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Published in:Tropical Medicine and Health
Main Authors: Calvin Bisong Ebai, Helen Kuokuo Kimbi, Irene Ule Ngole Sumbele, Jude Ebah Yunga, Leopold Gustave Lehman
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: BMC 2017
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-017-0071-8
https://doaj.org/article/6621548669ef43589b892230d441c2a5
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author Calvin Bisong Ebai
Helen Kuokuo Kimbi
Irene Ule Ngole Sumbele
Jude Ebah Yunga
Leopold Gustave Lehman
author_facet Calvin Bisong Ebai
Helen Kuokuo Kimbi
Irene Ule Ngole Sumbele
Jude Ebah Yunga
Leopold Gustave Lehman
author_sort Calvin Bisong Ebai
collection Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles
container_issue 1
container_title Tropical Medicine and Health
container_volume 45
description Abstract Background Schistosomiasis remains a parasitic infection of public health importance especially in Africa south of the Sahara including Cameroon. Chemotherapy using praziquantel has been the most effective and widespread control measure used. However, there are reports of reduced efficacy of the drug. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of praziquantel against Schistosoma haematobium among infected individuals in the Ikata-Likoko area of southwest Cameroon. Following a baseline study, S. haematobium egg load was determined using the urine filtration technique and microscopy. Participants were treated with a unique dose of praziquantel of 40 mg/Kg body weight. A control test was carried out on the 42nd day post-treatment to determine the proportion of positive participants with viable eggs (cure rate) and the egg loads. The egg loads obtained during the control and at baseline were used to calculate the egg reduction rate (ERR) used as the main indicator of praziquantel efficacy according to the WHO, 2013 protocol. Results At baseline, the prevalence of S. haematobium was 34.3% (177/516). Out of these a total of 174 participants aged between 4 and 76 years were recruited into the study. A total of 130 participants came for follow up on day 42. Among them, 22.3% (29) were positive for eggs of S. haematobium but none of the eggs were viable giving a cure rate of 100%. The overall mean egg load per 10 mL (MEL/10 mL) of urine reduced from 31 (1–400) at baseline to 6.0 (1–35) on day 42. The overall ERR was reduced (80.3%). However, the efficacy was satisfactory (ERR ≥ 90%) in females, children ˂ 5 years, and some localities and for individuals with heavy infection intensity. Fifteen (8.6%) of the participants presented minor adverse events including abdominal disorders, headache and vomiting but did not last for more than 24 h. Conclusions Treatment with praziquantel was efficacious and safe showing reduction in prevalence as well as mean egg load in some individuals with few adverse ...
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https://doaj.org/article/6621548669ef43589b892230d441c2a5
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spelling ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:6621548669ef43589b892230d441c2a5 2025-01-16T20:49:49+00:00 Efficacy and safety of praziquantel against Schistosoma haematobium in the Ikata-Likoko area of southwest Cameroon Calvin Bisong Ebai Helen Kuokuo Kimbi Irene Ule Ngole Sumbele Jude Ebah Yunga Leopold Gustave Lehman 2017-12-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-017-0071-8 https://doaj.org/article/6621548669ef43589b892230d441c2a5 EN eng BMC http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41182-017-0071-8 https://doaj.org/toc/1349-4147 doi:10.1186/s41182-017-0071-8 1349-4147 https://doaj.org/article/6621548669ef43589b892230d441c2a5 Tropical Medicine and Health, Vol 45, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2017) Cameroon Efficacy Egg reduction rate Praziquantel Safety Schistosoma haematobium Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 article 2017 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-017-0071-8 2022-12-31T06:21:11Z Abstract Background Schistosomiasis remains a parasitic infection of public health importance especially in Africa south of the Sahara including Cameroon. Chemotherapy using praziquantel has been the most effective and widespread control measure used. However, there are reports of reduced efficacy of the drug. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of praziquantel against Schistosoma haematobium among infected individuals in the Ikata-Likoko area of southwest Cameroon. Following a baseline study, S. haematobium egg load was determined using the urine filtration technique and microscopy. Participants were treated with a unique dose of praziquantel of 40 mg/Kg body weight. A control test was carried out on the 42nd day post-treatment to determine the proportion of positive participants with viable eggs (cure rate) and the egg loads. The egg loads obtained during the control and at baseline were used to calculate the egg reduction rate (ERR) used as the main indicator of praziquantel efficacy according to the WHO, 2013 protocol. Results At baseline, the prevalence of S. haematobium was 34.3% (177/516). Out of these a total of 174 participants aged between 4 and 76 years were recruited into the study. A total of 130 participants came for follow up on day 42. Among them, 22.3% (29) were positive for eggs of S. haematobium but none of the eggs were viable giving a cure rate of 100%. The overall mean egg load per 10 mL (MEL/10 mL) of urine reduced from 31 (1–400) at baseline to 6.0 (1–35) on day 42. The overall ERR was reduced (80.3%). However, the efficacy was satisfactory (ERR ≥ 90%) in females, children ˂ 5 years, and some localities and for individuals with heavy infection intensity. Fifteen (8.6%) of the participants presented minor adverse events including abdominal disorders, headache and vomiting but did not last for more than 24 h. Conclusions Treatment with praziquantel was efficacious and safe showing reduction in prevalence as well as mean egg load in some individuals with few adverse ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Tropical Medicine and Health 45 1
spellingShingle Cameroon
Efficacy
Egg reduction rate
Praziquantel
Safety
Schistosoma haematobium
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine
RC955-962
Calvin Bisong Ebai
Helen Kuokuo Kimbi
Irene Ule Ngole Sumbele
Jude Ebah Yunga
Leopold Gustave Lehman
Efficacy and safety of praziquantel against Schistosoma haematobium in the Ikata-Likoko area of southwest Cameroon
title Efficacy and safety of praziquantel against Schistosoma haematobium in the Ikata-Likoko area of southwest Cameroon
title_full Efficacy and safety of praziquantel against Schistosoma haematobium in the Ikata-Likoko area of southwest Cameroon
title_fullStr Efficacy and safety of praziquantel against Schistosoma haematobium in the Ikata-Likoko area of southwest Cameroon
title_full_unstemmed Efficacy and safety of praziquantel against Schistosoma haematobium in the Ikata-Likoko area of southwest Cameroon
title_short Efficacy and safety of praziquantel against Schistosoma haematobium in the Ikata-Likoko area of southwest Cameroon
title_sort efficacy and safety of praziquantel against schistosoma haematobium in the ikata-likoko area of southwest cameroon
topic Cameroon
Efficacy
Egg reduction rate
Praziquantel
Safety
Schistosoma haematobium
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine
RC955-962
topic_facet Cameroon
Efficacy
Egg reduction rate
Praziquantel
Safety
Schistosoma haematobium
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine
RC955-962
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-017-0071-8
https://doaj.org/article/6621548669ef43589b892230d441c2a5