In-Field Implementation of a Recombinant Factor C Assay for the Detection of Lipopolysaccharide as a Biomarker of Extant Life within Glacial Environments
The discovery over the past two decades of viable microbial communities within glaciers has promoted interest in the role of glaciers and ice sheets (the cryosphere) as contributors to subglacial erosion, global biodiversity, and in regulating global biogeochemical cycles. In situ or in-field detect...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3390/bios2010083 https://doaj.org/article/66048f3d275f402eaad069fa829ec219 |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:66048f3d275f402eaad069fa829ec219 2023-05-15T15:08:13+02:00 In-Field Implementation of a Recombinant Factor C Assay for the Detection of Lipopolysaccharide as a Biomarker of Extant Life within Glacial Environments David C. Cullen Miriam Jackson Jemma L. Wadham Megan J. Barnett 2012-03-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/bios2010083 https://doaj.org/article/66048f3d275f402eaad069fa829ec219 EN eng MDPI AG http://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/2/1/83 https://doaj.org/toc/2079-6374 doi:10.3390/bios2010083 2079-6374 https://doaj.org/article/66048f3d275f402eaad069fa829ec219 Biosensors, Vol 2, Iss 1, Pp 83-100 (2012) lipopolysaccharide endotoxin pyrogen portable life detection recombinant Factor C cryosphere subglacial Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65 article 2012 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/bios2010083 2022-12-31T06:22:01Z The discovery over the past two decades of viable microbial communities within glaciers has promoted interest in the role of glaciers and ice sheets (the cryosphere) as contributors to subglacial erosion, global biodiversity, and in regulating global biogeochemical cycles. In situ or in-field detection and characterisation of microbial communities is becoming recognised as an important approach to improve our understanding of such communities. Within this context we demonstrate, for the first time, the ability to detect Gram-negative bacteria in glacial field-environments (including subglacial environments) via the detection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS); an important component of Gram-negative bacterial cell walls. In-field measurements were performed using the recently commercialised PyroGene® recombinant Factor C (rFC) endotoxin detection system and used in conjunction with a handheld fluorometer to measure the fluorescent endpoint of the assay. Twenty-seven glacial samples were collected from the surface, bed and terminus of a low-biomass Arctic valley glacier (Engabreen, Northern Norway), and were analysed in a field laboratory using the rFC assay. Sixteen of these samples returned positive LPS detection. This work demonstrates that LPS detection via rFC assay is a viable in-field method and is expected to be a useful proxy for microbial cell concentrations in low biomass environments. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic glacier Northern Norway Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Norway Engabreen ENVELOPE(13.771,13.771,66.682,66.682) Biosensors 2 1 83 100 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
lipopolysaccharide endotoxin pyrogen portable life detection recombinant Factor C cryosphere subglacial Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65 |
spellingShingle |
lipopolysaccharide endotoxin pyrogen portable life detection recombinant Factor C cryosphere subglacial Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65 David C. Cullen Miriam Jackson Jemma L. Wadham Megan J. Barnett In-Field Implementation of a Recombinant Factor C Assay for the Detection of Lipopolysaccharide as a Biomarker of Extant Life within Glacial Environments |
topic_facet |
lipopolysaccharide endotoxin pyrogen portable life detection recombinant Factor C cryosphere subglacial Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65 |
description |
The discovery over the past two decades of viable microbial communities within glaciers has promoted interest in the role of glaciers and ice sheets (the cryosphere) as contributors to subglacial erosion, global biodiversity, and in regulating global biogeochemical cycles. In situ or in-field detection and characterisation of microbial communities is becoming recognised as an important approach to improve our understanding of such communities. Within this context we demonstrate, for the first time, the ability to detect Gram-negative bacteria in glacial field-environments (including subglacial environments) via the detection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS); an important component of Gram-negative bacterial cell walls. In-field measurements were performed using the recently commercialised PyroGene® recombinant Factor C (rFC) endotoxin detection system and used in conjunction with a handheld fluorometer to measure the fluorescent endpoint of the assay. Twenty-seven glacial samples were collected from the surface, bed and terminus of a low-biomass Arctic valley glacier (Engabreen, Northern Norway), and were analysed in a field laboratory using the rFC assay. Sixteen of these samples returned positive LPS detection. This work demonstrates that LPS detection via rFC assay is a viable in-field method and is expected to be a useful proxy for microbial cell concentrations in low biomass environments. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
David C. Cullen Miriam Jackson Jemma L. Wadham Megan J. Barnett |
author_facet |
David C. Cullen Miriam Jackson Jemma L. Wadham Megan J. Barnett |
author_sort |
David C. Cullen |
title |
In-Field Implementation of a Recombinant Factor C Assay for the Detection of Lipopolysaccharide as a Biomarker of Extant Life within Glacial Environments |
title_short |
In-Field Implementation of a Recombinant Factor C Assay for the Detection of Lipopolysaccharide as a Biomarker of Extant Life within Glacial Environments |
title_full |
In-Field Implementation of a Recombinant Factor C Assay for the Detection of Lipopolysaccharide as a Biomarker of Extant Life within Glacial Environments |
title_fullStr |
In-Field Implementation of a Recombinant Factor C Assay for the Detection of Lipopolysaccharide as a Biomarker of Extant Life within Glacial Environments |
title_full_unstemmed |
In-Field Implementation of a Recombinant Factor C Assay for the Detection of Lipopolysaccharide as a Biomarker of Extant Life within Glacial Environments |
title_sort |
in-field implementation of a recombinant factor c assay for the detection of lipopolysaccharide as a biomarker of extant life within glacial environments |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/bios2010083 https://doaj.org/article/66048f3d275f402eaad069fa829ec219 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(13.771,13.771,66.682,66.682) |
geographic |
Arctic Norway Engabreen |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Norway Engabreen |
genre |
Arctic glacier Northern Norway |
genre_facet |
Arctic glacier Northern Norway |
op_source |
Biosensors, Vol 2, Iss 1, Pp 83-100 (2012) |
op_relation |
http://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/2/1/83 https://doaj.org/toc/2079-6374 doi:10.3390/bios2010083 2079-6374 https://doaj.org/article/66048f3d275f402eaad069fa829ec219 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/bios2010083 |
container_title |
Biosensors |
container_volume |
2 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
83 |
op_container_end_page |
100 |
_version_ |
1766339621025742848 |