“Limiting access to iron decreases infection of Atlantic salmon SHK-1 cells with bacterium Piscirickettsia salmonis”
Abstract Background Vertebrate hosts limit the availability of iron to microbial pathogens in order to nutritionally starve the invaders. The impact of iron deficiency induced by the iron chelator deferoxamine mesylate (DFO) was investigated in Atlantic salmon SHK-1 cells infected with the facultati...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:64473d38077f46c2a4544452734f871d 2023-05-15T15:31:26+02:00 “Limiting access to iron decreases infection of Atlantic salmon SHK-1 cells with bacterium Piscirickettsia salmonis” Rodrigo Díaz José Troncoso Eva Jakob Stanko Skugor 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-021-02853-6 https://doaj.org/article/64473d38077f46c2a4544452734f871d EN eng BMC https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-021-02853-6 https://doaj.org/toc/1746-6148 doi:10.1186/s12917-021-02853-6 1746-6148 https://doaj.org/article/64473d38077f46c2a4544452734f871d BMC Veterinary Research, Vol 17, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021) Iron chelation Piscirickettsia salmonis SRS Atlantic salmon SHK-1 Gene expression Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-021-02853-6 2022-12-31T05:35:39Z Abstract Background Vertebrate hosts limit the availability of iron to microbial pathogens in order to nutritionally starve the invaders. The impact of iron deficiency induced by the iron chelator deferoxamine mesylate (DFO) was investigated in Atlantic salmon SHK-1 cells infected with the facultative intracellular bacterium Piscirickettsia salmonis. Results Effects of the DFO treatment and P. salmonis on SHK-1 cells were gaged by assessing cytopathic effects, bacterial load and activity, and gene expression profiles of eight immune biomarkers at 4- and 7-days post infection (dpi) in the control group, groups receiving single treatments (DFO or P. salmonis) and their combination. The chelator appears to be well-tolerated by host cells, while it had a negative impact on the number of bacterial cells and associated cytotoxicity. DFO alone had minor effects on gene expression of SHK-1 cells, including an early activation of IL-1β at 4 dpi. In contrast to few moderate changes induced by single treatments (either infection or chelator), most genes had highest upregulation in the infected groups receiving DFO. The mildest induction of hepcidin-1 (antimicrobial peptide precursor and regulator of iron homeostasis) was observed in cells exposed to DFO alone, followed by P. salmonis infected cells while the addition of DFO to infected cells further increased the mRNA abundance of this gene. Transcripts encoding TNF-α (immune signaling) and iNOS (immune effector) showed sustained increase at both time points in this group while cathelicidin-1 (immune effector) and IL-8 (immune signaling) were upregulated at 7 dpi. The stimulation of protective gene responses seen in infected cultures supplemented with DFO coincided with the reduction of bacterial load and activity (judged by the expression of P. salmonis 16S rRNA), and damage to cultured host cells. Conclusion The absence of immune gene activation under normal iron conditions suggests modulation of host responses by P. salmonis. The negative effect of iron deficiency on ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles BMC Veterinary Research 17 1 |
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Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Iron chelation Piscirickettsia salmonis SRS Atlantic salmon SHK-1 Gene expression Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 |
spellingShingle |
Iron chelation Piscirickettsia salmonis SRS Atlantic salmon SHK-1 Gene expression Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Rodrigo Díaz José Troncoso Eva Jakob Stanko Skugor “Limiting access to iron decreases infection of Atlantic salmon SHK-1 cells with bacterium Piscirickettsia salmonis” |
topic_facet |
Iron chelation Piscirickettsia salmonis SRS Atlantic salmon SHK-1 Gene expression Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 |
description |
Abstract Background Vertebrate hosts limit the availability of iron to microbial pathogens in order to nutritionally starve the invaders. The impact of iron deficiency induced by the iron chelator deferoxamine mesylate (DFO) was investigated in Atlantic salmon SHK-1 cells infected with the facultative intracellular bacterium Piscirickettsia salmonis. Results Effects of the DFO treatment and P. salmonis on SHK-1 cells were gaged by assessing cytopathic effects, bacterial load and activity, and gene expression profiles of eight immune biomarkers at 4- and 7-days post infection (dpi) in the control group, groups receiving single treatments (DFO or P. salmonis) and their combination. The chelator appears to be well-tolerated by host cells, while it had a negative impact on the number of bacterial cells and associated cytotoxicity. DFO alone had minor effects on gene expression of SHK-1 cells, including an early activation of IL-1β at 4 dpi. In contrast to few moderate changes induced by single treatments (either infection or chelator), most genes had highest upregulation in the infected groups receiving DFO. The mildest induction of hepcidin-1 (antimicrobial peptide precursor and regulator of iron homeostasis) was observed in cells exposed to DFO alone, followed by P. salmonis infected cells while the addition of DFO to infected cells further increased the mRNA abundance of this gene. Transcripts encoding TNF-α (immune signaling) and iNOS (immune effector) showed sustained increase at both time points in this group while cathelicidin-1 (immune effector) and IL-8 (immune signaling) were upregulated at 7 dpi. The stimulation of protective gene responses seen in infected cultures supplemented with DFO coincided with the reduction of bacterial load and activity (judged by the expression of P. salmonis 16S rRNA), and damage to cultured host cells. Conclusion The absence of immune gene activation under normal iron conditions suggests modulation of host responses by P. salmonis. The negative effect of iron deficiency on ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Rodrigo Díaz José Troncoso Eva Jakob Stanko Skugor |
author_facet |
Rodrigo Díaz José Troncoso Eva Jakob Stanko Skugor |
author_sort |
Rodrigo Díaz |
title |
“Limiting access to iron decreases infection of Atlantic salmon SHK-1 cells with bacterium Piscirickettsia salmonis” |
title_short |
“Limiting access to iron decreases infection of Atlantic salmon SHK-1 cells with bacterium Piscirickettsia salmonis” |
title_full |
“Limiting access to iron decreases infection of Atlantic salmon SHK-1 cells with bacterium Piscirickettsia salmonis” |
title_fullStr |
“Limiting access to iron decreases infection of Atlantic salmon SHK-1 cells with bacterium Piscirickettsia salmonis” |
title_full_unstemmed |
“Limiting access to iron decreases infection of Atlantic salmon SHK-1 cells with bacterium Piscirickettsia salmonis” |
title_sort |
“limiting access to iron decreases infection of atlantic salmon shk-1 cells with bacterium piscirickettsia salmonis” |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-021-02853-6 https://doaj.org/article/64473d38077f46c2a4544452734f871d |
genre |
Atlantic salmon |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon |
op_source |
BMC Veterinary Research, Vol 17, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-021-02853-6 https://doaj.org/toc/1746-6148 doi:10.1186/s12917-021-02853-6 1746-6148 https://doaj.org/article/64473d38077f46c2a4544452734f871d |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-021-02853-6 |
container_title |
BMC Veterinary Research |
container_volume |
17 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1766361950268162048 |