The protective mechanism of Naja Naja atra venom on diabetic kidney disease
Abstract Background: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a serious microvascular complication of diabetes that affects both type 1 and type 2 diabetes patients at a high incidence rate. Naja Naja atra venom (NNAV) has been shown to have protective effects and improved renal function in diabetic rats. H...
Published in: | Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
SciELO
2023
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2023-0037 https://doaj.org/article/631440876b5f44b18b21f918be17f4ff |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:631440876b5f44b18b21f918be17f4ff |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:631440876b5f44b18b21f918be17f4ff 2024-01-14T10:05:05+01:00 The protective mechanism of Naja Naja atra venom on diabetic kidney disease HongYu Lu YaJuan Wu Yan Xie XiaoWei Li Xian Ji TianHui Jiang XiaoXian Pei ZhuYa Zhou 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2023-0037 https://doaj.org/article/631440876b5f44b18b21f918be17f4ff EN eng SciELO http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992023000100310&tlng=en https://doaj.org/toc/1678-9199 1678-9199 doi:10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2023-0037 https://doaj.org/article/631440876b5f44b18b21f918be17f4ff Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases, Vol 29 (2023) Diabetic kidney disease cobra α-neurotoxin Naja Naja atra venom Urine protein Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Toxicology. Poisons RA1190-1270 Zoology QL1-991 article 2023 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2023-0037 2023-12-17T01:44:35Z Abstract Background: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a serious microvascular complication of diabetes that affects both type 1 and type 2 diabetes patients at a high incidence rate. Naja Naja atra venom (NNAV) has been shown to have protective effects and improved renal function in diabetic rats. However, its mechanism of action is still unclear. This study aims to unravel the effectiveness and mechanisms of NNAV on DKD. Methods: We conducted in vitro experiments in which Human Kidney-2 (HK-2) cells were stimulated with high glucose, and exposed to varying concentrations of NNAV. Cell morphology, as well as α-SMA, TGF-β1, and E-cadherin levels, were analyzed using immunofluorescence and western blot. In vivo experiments involved a diabetic rat model, where varying concentrations of cobra α-neurotoxin (CTX) were administrated via gastric treatment. We observed and noted pathomorphological changes, measured biochemical and oxidative stress indices, and used western blot to assess podocin and nephrin levels. Results: High glucose levels can induce a decrease in E-cadherin expression and an increase in α-SMA and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) expression in HK-2 cells. NNAV can inhibit the transdifferentiation of HK-2 cells to myofibroblast (MyoF) in a high glucose environment and reduce the expression of TGF-β1. Cobra α-neurotoxin (CTX) can reduce urine protein in diabetes model rats at an early stage, which is dose-independent and has a time application range. CTX can regulate the expression of nephrin and podocin. Conclusion: The present study indicates that CTX and NNAV attenuate STZ and high glucose-induced DKD. Its mechanisms of action are associated with inhibiting oxidative stress and TEMT. The study suggests that NNAV and CTX might be a potential therapeutic drug for treating DKD. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 29 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Diabetic kidney disease cobra α-neurotoxin Naja Naja atra venom Urine protein Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Toxicology. Poisons RA1190-1270 Zoology QL1-991 |
spellingShingle |
Diabetic kidney disease cobra α-neurotoxin Naja Naja atra venom Urine protein Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Toxicology. Poisons RA1190-1270 Zoology QL1-991 HongYu Lu YaJuan Wu Yan Xie XiaoWei Li Xian Ji TianHui Jiang XiaoXian Pei ZhuYa Zhou The protective mechanism of Naja Naja atra venom on diabetic kidney disease |
topic_facet |
Diabetic kidney disease cobra α-neurotoxin Naja Naja atra venom Urine protein Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Toxicology. Poisons RA1190-1270 Zoology QL1-991 |
description |
Abstract Background: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a serious microvascular complication of diabetes that affects both type 1 and type 2 diabetes patients at a high incidence rate. Naja Naja atra venom (NNAV) has been shown to have protective effects and improved renal function in diabetic rats. However, its mechanism of action is still unclear. This study aims to unravel the effectiveness and mechanisms of NNAV on DKD. Methods: We conducted in vitro experiments in which Human Kidney-2 (HK-2) cells were stimulated with high glucose, and exposed to varying concentrations of NNAV. Cell morphology, as well as α-SMA, TGF-β1, and E-cadherin levels, were analyzed using immunofluorescence and western blot. In vivo experiments involved a diabetic rat model, where varying concentrations of cobra α-neurotoxin (CTX) were administrated via gastric treatment. We observed and noted pathomorphological changes, measured biochemical and oxidative stress indices, and used western blot to assess podocin and nephrin levels. Results: High glucose levels can induce a decrease in E-cadherin expression and an increase in α-SMA and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) expression in HK-2 cells. NNAV can inhibit the transdifferentiation of HK-2 cells to myofibroblast (MyoF) in a high glucose environment and reduce the expression of TGF-β1. Cobra α-neurotoxin (CTX) can reduce urine protein in diabetes model rats at an early stage, which is dose-independent and has a time application range. CTX can regulate the expression of nephrin and podocin. Conclusion: The present study indicates that CTX and NNAV attenuate STZ and high glucose-induced DKD. Its mechanisms of action are associated with inhibiting oxidative stress and TEMT. The study suggests that NNAV and CTX might be a potential therapeutic drug for treating DKD. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
HongYu Lu YaJuan Wu Yan Xie XiaoWei Li Xian Ji TianHui Jiang XiaoXian Pei ZhuYa Zhou |
author_facet |
HongYu Lu YaJuan Wu Yan Xie XiaoWei Li Xian Ji TianHui Jiang XiaoXian Pei ZhuYa Zhou |
author_sort |
HongYu Lu |
title |
The protective mechanism of Naja Naja atra venom on diabetic kidney disease |
title_short |
The protective mechanism of Naja Naja atra venom on diabetic kidney disease |
title_full |
The protective mechanism of Naja Naja atra venom on diabetic kidney disease |
title_fullStr |
The protective mechanism of Naja Naja atra venom on diabetic kidney disease |
title_full_unstemmed |
The protective mechanism of Naja Naja atra venom on diabetic kidney disease |
title_sort |
protective mechanism of naja naja atra venom on diabetic kidney disease |
publisher |
SciELO |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2023-0037 https://doaj.org/article/631440876b5f44b18b21f918be17f4ff |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases, Vol 29 (2023) |
op_relation |
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992023000100310&tlng=en https://doaj.org/toc/1678-9199 1678-9199 doi:10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2023-0037 https://doaj.org/article/631440876b5f44b18b21f918be17f4ff |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2023-0037 |
container_title |
Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
29 |
_version_ |
1788059480787779584 |