Efficacy and safety of nitazoxanide, albendazole, and nitazoxanide-albendazole against Trichuris trichiura infection: a randomized controlled trial.
The currently used anthelmintic drugs, in single oral application, have low efficacy against Trichuris trichiura infection, and hence novel anthelmintic drugs are needed. Nitazoxanide has been suggested as potential drug candidate.The efficacy and safety of a single oral dose of nitazoxanide (1,000...
Published in: | PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2012
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001685 https://doaj.org/article/6290661cea514aeeb459c4f186d164ac |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:6290661cea514aeeb459c4f186d164ac |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:6290661cea514aeeb459c4f186d164ac 2023-05-15T15:11:22+02:00 Efficacy and safety of nitazoxanide, albendazole, and nitazoxanide-albendazole against Trichuris trichiura infection: a randomized controlled trial. Benjamin Speich Shaali M Ame Said M Ali Rainer Alles Jan Hattendorf Jürg Utzinger Marco Albonico Jennifer Keiser 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001685 https://doaj.org/article/6290661cea514aeeb459c4f186d164ac EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3367984?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001685 https://doaj.org/article/6290661cea514aeeb459c4f186d164ac PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 6, Iss 6, p e1685 (2012) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2012 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001685 2022-12-31T13:27:19Z The currently used anthelmintic drugs, in single oral application, have low efficacy against Trichuris trichiura infection, and hence novel anthelmintic drugs are needed. Nitazoxanide has been suggested as potential drug candidate.The efficacy and safety of a single oral dose of nitazoxanide (1,000 mg), or albendazole (400 mg), and a nitazoxanide-albendazole combination (1,000 mg-400 mg), with each drug administered separately on two consecutive days, were assessed in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in two schools on Pemba, Tanzania. Cure and egg reduction rates were calculated by per-protocol analysis and by available case analysis. Adverse events were assessed and graded before treatment and four times after treatment.Complete data for the per-protocol analysis were available from 533 T. trichiura-positive children. Cure rates against T. trichiura were low regardless of the treatment (nitazoxanide-albendazole, 16.0%; albendazole, 14.5%; and nitazoxanide, 6.6%). Egg reduction rates were 54.9% for the nitazoxanide-albendazole combination, 45.6% for single albendazole, and 13.4% for single nitazoxanide. Similar cure and egg reduction rates were calculated using the available case analysis. Children receiving nitazoxanide had significantly more adverse events compared to placebo recipients. Most of the adverse events were mild and had resolved within 24 hours posttreatment.Nitazoxanide shows no effect on T. trichiura infection. The low efficacy of albendazole against T. trichiura in the current setting characterized by high anthelmintic drug pressure is confirmed. There is a pressing need to develop new anthelmintics against trichuriasis. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 6 6 e1685 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Benjamin Speich Shaali M Ame Said M Ali Rainer Alles Jan Hattendorf Jürg Utzinger Marco Albonico Jennifer Keiser Efficacy and safety of nitazoxanide, albendazole, and nitazoxanide-albendazole against Trichuris trichiura infection: a randomized controlled trial. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
The currently used anthelmintic drugs, in single oral application, have low efficacy against Trichuris trichiura infection, and hence novel anthelmintic drugs are needed. Nitazoxanide has been suggested as potential drug candidate.The efficacy and safety of a single oral dose of nitazoxanide (1,000 mg), or albendazole (400 mg), and a nitazoxanide-albendazole combination (1,000 mg-400 mg), with each drug administered separately on two consecutive days, were assessed in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in two schools on Pemba, Tanzania. Cure and egg reduction rates were calculated by per-protocol analysis and by available case analysis. Adverse events were assessed and graded before treatment and four times after treatment.Complete data for the per-protocol analysis were available from 533 T. trichiura-positive children. Cure rates against T. trichiura were low regardless of the treatment (nitazoxanide-albendazole, 16.0%; albendazole, 14.5%; and nitazoxanide, 6.6%). Egg reduction rates were 54.9% for the nitazoxanide-albendazole combination, 45.6% for single albendazole, and 13.4% for single nitazoxanide. Similar cure and egg reduction rates were calculated using the available case analysis. Children receiving nitazoxanide had significantly more adverse events compared to placebo recipients. Most of the adverse events were mild and had resolved within 24 hours posttreatment.Nitazoxanide shows no effect on T. trichiura infection. The low efficacy of albendazole against T. trichiura in the current setting characterized by high anthelmintic drug pressure is confirmed. There is a pressing need to develop new anthelmintics against trichuriasis. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Benjamin Speich Shaali M Ame Said M Ali Rainer Alles Jan Hattendorf Jürg Utzinger Marco Albonico Jennifer Keiser |
author_facet |
Benjamin Speich Shaali M Ame Said M Ali Rainer Alles Jan Hattendorf Jürg Utzinger Marco Albonico Jennifer Keiser |
author_sort |
Benjamin Speich |
title |
Efficacy and safety of nitazoxanide, albendazole, and nitazoxanide-albendazole against Trichuris trichiura infection: a randomized controlled trial. |
title_short |
Efficacy and safety of nitazoxanide, albendazole, and nitazoxanide-albendazole against Trichuris trichiura infection: a randomized controlled trial. |
title_full |
Efficacy and safety of nitazoxanide, albendazole, and nitazoxanide-albendazole against Trichuris trichiura infection: a randomized controlled trial. |
title_fullStr |
Efficacy and safety of nitazoxanide, albendazole, and nitazoxanide-albendazole against Trichuris trichiura infection: a randomized controlled trial. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Efficacy and safety of nitazoxanide, albendazole, and nitazoxanide-albendazole against Trichuris trichiura infection: a randomized controlled trial. |
title_sort |
efficacy and safety of nitazoxanide, albendazole, and nitazoxanide-albendazole against trichuris trichiura infection: a randomized controlled trial. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001685 https://doaj.org/article/6290661cea514aeeb459c4f186d164ac |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 6, Iss 6, p e1685 (2012) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3367984?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001685 https://doaj.org/article/6290661cea514aeeb459c4f186d164ac |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001685 |
container_title |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
6 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
e1685 |
_version_ |
1766342231015292928 |