Impact of combining indoor residual spraying and long-lasting insecticidal nets on Anopheles arabiensis in Ethiopia: results from a cluster randomized controlled trial
Abstract Background Indoor residual house spraying (IRS) and long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are the key front-line malaria vector interventions against Anopheles arabiensis, the sole primary malaria vector in Ethiopia. Universal coverage of both interventions has been promoted and there is a...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:62129a3e983745f4ae147577d3074e52 2023-05-15T15:18:05+02:00 Impact of combining indoor residual spraying and long-lasting insecticidal nets on Anopheles arabiensis in Ethiopia: results from a cluster randomized controlled trial Oljira Kenea Meshesha Balkew Habte Tekie Wakgari Deressa Eskindir Loha Bernt Lindtjørn Hans J. Overgaard 2019-05-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-2811-1 https://doaj.org/article/62129a3e983745f4ae147577d3074e52 EN eng BMC http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12936-019-2811-1 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/s12936-019-2811-1 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/62129a3e983745f4ae147577d3074e52 Malaria Journal, Vol 18, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2019) Anopheles arabiensis Ethiopia Long-lasting insecticidal nets Malaria Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-2811-1 2022-12-31T08:52:54Z Abstract Background Indoor residual house spraying (IRS) and long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are the key front-line malaria vector interventions against Anopheles arabiensis, the sole primary malaria vector in Ethiopia. Universal coverage of both interventions has been promoted and there is a growing demand in combinations of interventions for malaria control and elimination. This study compared the impact on entomological outcomes of combining IRS and LLINs with either intervention alone in Adami Tullu district, south-central Ethiopia. The epidemiological outcomes were recently published on a separate paper. Methods This factorial, cluster-randomized, controlled trial randomized villages to four study arms: IRS + LLIN, IRS, LLIN, and control. LLINs (PermaNet 2.0) were provided free of charge. IRS with propoxur was applied before the main malaria transmission season in 2014, 2015 and 2016. Adult mosquitoes were collected in randomly selected villages in each arm using CDC light trap catch (LTC) set close to a sleeping person, pyrethrum spray catch (PSC), and artificial pit shelter (PIT), for measuring mosquito host-seeking density (HSD), indoor resting density (IRD), and outdoor resting density (ORD), respectively. Human landing catch (HLC) was performed in a sub-set of villages to monitor An. arabiensis human biting rates (HBR). Mean vector densities and HBR were compared among study arms using incidence rate ratio (IRR) calculated by negative binomial regression. Results There were no significant differences in mean densities (HSD, IRD, ORD) and HBR of An. arabiensis between the IRS + LLIN arm and the IRS arm (p > 0.05). However, mean HSD, IRD, ORD, and HBR were significantly lower in the IRS + LLIN arm than in the LLIN alone arm (p < 0.05). All An. arabiensis tested for malaria infection were negative for Plasmodium species. For this reason, the entomological inoculation rate could not be determined. Conclusions The IRS + LLIN were as effective as IRS alone in reducing densities and HBR of An. ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Malaria Journal 18 1 |
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Anopheles arabiensis Ethiopia Long-lasting insecticidal nets Malaria Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
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Anopheles arabiensis Ethiopia Long-lasting insecticidal nets Malaria Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Oljira Kenea Meshesha Balkew Habte Tekie Wakgari Deressa Eskindir Loha Bernt Lindtjørn Hans J. Overgaard Impact of combining indoor residual spraying and long-lasting insecticidal nets on Anopheles arabiensis in Ethiopia: results from a cluster randomized controlled trial |
topic_facet |
Anopheles arabiensis Ethiopia Long-lasting insecticidal nets Malaria Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
description |
Abstract Background Indoor residual house spraying (IRS) and long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are the key front-line malaria vector interventions against Anopheles arabiensis, the sole primary malaria vector in Ethiopia. Universal coverage of both interventions has been promoted and there is a growing demand in combinations of interventions for malaria control and elimination. This study compared the impact on entomological outcomes of combining IRS and LLINs with either intervention alone in Adami Tullu district, south-central Ethiopia. The epidemiological outcomes were recently published on a separate paper. Methods This factorial, cluster-randomized, controlled trial randomized villages to four study arms: IRS + LLIN, IRS, LLIN, and control. LLINs (PermaNet 2.0) were provided free of charge. IRS with propoxur was applied before the main malaria transmission season in 2014, 2015 and 2016. Adult mosquitoes were collected in randomly selected villages in each arm using CDC light trap catch (LTC) set close to a sleeping person, pyrethrum spray catch (PSC), and artificial pit shelter (PIT), for measuring mosquito host-seeking density (HSD), indoor resting density (IRD), and outdoor resting density (ORD), respectively. Human landing catch (HLC) was performed in a sub-set of villages to monitor An. arabiensis human biting rates (HBR). Mean vector densities and HBR were compared among study arms using incidence rate ratio (IRR) calculated by negative binomial regression. Results There were no significant differences in mean densities (HSD, IRD, ORD) and HBR of An. arabiensis between the IRS + LLIN arm and the IRS arm (p > 0.05). However, mean HSD, IRD, ORD, and HBR were significantly lower in the IRS + LLIN arm than in the LLIN alone arm (p < 0.05). All An. arabiensis tested for malaria infection were negative for Plasmodium species. For this reason, the entomological inoculation rate could not be determined. Conclusions The IRS + LLIN were as effective as IRS alone in reducing densities and HBR of An. ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Oljira Kenea Meshesha Balkew Habte Tekie Wakgari Deressa Eskindir Loha Bernt Lindtjørn Hans J. Overgaard |
author_facet |
Oljira Kenea Meshesha Balkew Habte Tekie Wakgari Deressa Eskindir Loha Bernt Lindtjørn Hans J. Overgaard |
author_sort |
Oljira Kenea |
title |
Impact of combining indoor residual spraying and long-lasting insecticidal nets on Anopheles arabiensis in Ethiopia: results from a cluster randomized controlled trial |
title_short |
Impact of combining indoor residual spraying and long-lasting insecticidal nets on Anopheles arabiensis in Ethiopia: results from a cluster randomized controlled trial |
title_full |
Impact of combining indoor residual spraying and long-lasting insecticidal nets on Anopheles arabiensis in Ethiopia: results from a cluster randomized controlled trial |
title_fullStr |
Impact of combining indoor residual spraying and long-lasting insecticidal nets on Anopheles arabiensis in Ethiopia: results from a cluster randomized controlled trial |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impact of combining indoor residual spraying and long-lasting insecticidal nets on Anopheles arabiensis in Ethiopia: results from a cluster randomized controlled trial |
title_sort |
impact of combining indoor residual spraying and long-lasting insecticidal nets on anopheles arabiensis in ethiopia: results from a cluster randomized controlled trial |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-2811-1 https://doaj.org/article/62129a3e983745f4ae147577d3074e52 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
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Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Malaria Journal, Vol 18, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2019) |
op_relation |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12936-019-2811-1 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/s12936-019-2811-1 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/62129a3e983745f4ae147577d3074e52 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-2811-1 |
container_title |
Malaria Journal |
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18 |
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1 |
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1766348310607560704 |