Chemical Exposure Due to Anthropogenic Ocean Acidification Increases Risks for Estuarine Calcifiers in the Salish Sea: Biogeochemical Model Scenarios
Ocean acidification (OA) is projected to have profound impacts on marine ecosystems and resources, especially in estuarine habitats. Here, we describe biological risks under current levels of exposure to anthropogenic OA in the Salish Sea, an estuarine system that already experiences inherently low...
Published in: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:6119c79cad244f1fb9dce657facbbb9b 2023-05-15T17:50:21+02:00 Chemical Exposure Due to Anthropogenic Ocean Acidification Increases Risks for Estuarine Calcifiers in the Salish Sea: Biogeochemical Model Scenarios Nina Bednaršek Greg Pelletier Anise Ahmed Richard A. Feely 2020-07-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00580 https://doaj.org/article/6119c79cad244f1fb9dce657facbbb9b EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2020.00580/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2020.00580 https://doaj.org/article/6119c79cad244f1fb9dce657facbbb9b Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 7 (2020) ocean acidification threshold attribution analyses anthropogenic stressors nutrient remineralization Dungeness crab Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00580 2022-12-31T01:18:24Z Ocean acidification (OA) is projected to have profound impacts on marine ecosystems and resources, especially in estuarine habitats. Here, we describe biological risks under current levels of exposure to anthropogenic OA in the Salish Sea, an estuarine system that already experiences inherently low pH and aragonite saturation state (Ωar) conditions. We used the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and Washington State Department of Ecology Salish Sea biogeochemical model (SSM) informed by a selection of OA-related biological thresholds of ecologically and economically important calcifiers, pteropods, and Dungeness crabs. The SSM was implemented to assess current exposure and associated risk due to reduced Ωar and pH conditions with respect to the magnitude, duration, and severity of exposure below the biological thresholds in the Salish Sea in comparison to the pre-industrial era. We further investigated the individual effects of atmospheric CO2 uptake and nutrient-driven eutrophication on changes in chemical exposure since pre-industrial times. Our model predicts average decreases in Ωar and pH since pre-industrial times of about 0.11 and 0.06, respectively, in the top 100 m of the water column of the Salish Sea. These decreases predispose pelagic calcifiers to increased duration, intensity, and severity of exposure. For pteropods, present-day exposure is below the thresholds related to sublethal effects across the entire Salish Sea basin, while mortality threshold exposure occurs on a spatially limited basis. The greatest risk for larval Dungeness crabs is associated with spatially limited exposures to low calcite saturation state in the South Sound in the springtime, triggering an increase in internal dissolution. The main anthropogenic driver behind the predicted impacts is atmospheric CO2 uptake, while nutrient-driven eutrophication plays only a marginal role over spatially and temporally limited scales. Reduction of CO2 emissions can help sustain biological species vital for ecosystem functions and ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Ocean acidification Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Pacific Frontiers in Marine Science 7 |
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Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
ocean acidification threshold attribution analyses anthropogenic stressors nutrient remineralization Dungeness crab Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
spellingShingle |
ocean acidification threshold attribution analyses anthropogenic stressors nutrient remineralization Dungeness crab Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 Nina Bednaršek Greg Pelletier Anise Ahmed Richard A. Feely Chemical Exposure Due to Anthropogenic Ocean Acidification Increases Risks for Estuarine Calcifiers in the Salish Sea: Biogeochemical Model Scenarios |
topic_facet |
ocean acidification threshold attribution analyses anthropogenic stressors nutrient remineralization Dungeness crab Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
description |
Ocean acidification (OA) is projected to have profound impacts on marine ecosystems and resources, especially in estuarine habitats. Here, we describe biological risks under current levels of exposure to anthropogenic OA in the Salish Sea, an estuarine system that already experiences inherently low pH and aragonite saturation state (Ωar) conditions. We used the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and Washington State Department of Ecology Salish Sea biogeochemical model (SSM) informed by a selection of OA-related biological thresholds of ecologically and economically important calcifiers, pteropods, and Dungeness crabs. The SSM was implemented to assess current exposure and associated risk due to reduced Ωar and pH conditions with respect to the magnitude, duration, and severity of exposure below the biological thresholds in the Salish Sea in comparison to the pre-industrial era. We further investigated the individual effects of atmospheric CO2 uptake and nutrient-driven eutrophication on changes in chemical exposure since pre-industrial times. Our model predicts average decreases in Ωar and pH since pre-industrial times of about 0.11 and 0.06, respectively, in the top 100 m of the water column of the Salish Sea. These decreases predispose pelagic calcifiers to increased duration, intensity, and severity of exposure. For pteropods, present-day exposure is below the thresholds related to sublethal effects across the entire Salish Sea basin, while mortality threshold exposure occurs on a spatially limited basis. The greatest risk for larval Dungeness crabs is associated with spatially limited exposures to low calcite saturation state in the South Sound in the springtime, triggering an increase in internal dissolution. The main anthropogenic driver behind the predicted impacts is atmospheric CO2 uptake, while nutrient-driven eutrophication plays only a marginal role over spatially and temporally limited scales. Reduction of CO2 emissions can help sustain biological species vital for ecosystem functions and ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Nina Bednaršek Greg Pelletier Anise Ahmed Richard A. Feely |
author_facet |
Nina Bednaršek Greg Pelletier Anise Ahmed Richard A. Feely |
author_sort |
Nina Bednaršek |
title |
Chemical Exposure Due to Anthropogenic Ocean Acidification Increases Risks for Estuarine Calcifiers in the Salish Sea: Biogeochemical Model Scenarios |
title_short |
Chemical Exposure Due to Anthropogenic Ocean Acidification Increases Risks for Estuarine Calcifiers in the Salish Sea: Biogeochemical Model Scenarios |
title_full |
Chemical Exposure Due to Anthropogenic Ocean Acidification Increases Risks for Estuarine Calcifiers in the Salish Sea: Biogeochemical Model Scenarios |
title_fullStr |
Chemical Exposure Due to Anthropogenic Ocean Acidification Increases Risks for Estuarine Calcifiers in the Salish Sea: Biogeochemical Model Scenarios |
title_full_unstemmed |
Chemical Exposure Due to Anthropogenic Ocean Acidification Increases Risks for Estuarine Calcifiers in the Salish Sea: Biogeochemical Model Scenarios |
title_sort |
chemical exposure due to anthropogenic ocean acidification increases risks for estuarine calcifiers in the salish sea: biogeochemical model scenarios |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00580 https://doaj.org/article/6119c79cad244f1fb9dce657facbbb9b |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_source |
Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 7 (2020) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2020.00580/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2020.00580 https://doaj.org/article/6119c79cad244f1fb9dce657facbbb9b |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00580 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
7 |
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1766157067811291136 |