Marine carbohydrates in Arctic aerosol particles and fog – diversity of oceanic sources and atmospheric transformations
Carbohydrates, originating from marine microorganisms, enter the atmosphere as part of sea spray aerosol (SSA) and can influence fog and cloud microphysics as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) or ice-nucleating particles (INP). Particularly in the remote Arctic region, significant knowledge gaps persi...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:5ea8a14e6b144768804312260abf87e6 2024-01-21T10:03:19+01:00 Marine carbohydrates in Arctic aerosol particles and fog – diversity of oceanic sources and atmospheric transformations S. Zeppenfeld M. van Pinxteren M. Hartmann M. Zeising A. Bracher H. Herrmann 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15561-2023 https://doaj.org/article/5ea8a14e6b144768804312260abf87e6 EN eng Copernicus Publications https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/15561/2023/acp-23-15561-2023.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1680-7316 https://doaj.org/toc/1680-7324 doi:10.5194/acp-23-15561-2023 1680-7316 1680-7324 https://doaj.org/article/5ea8a14e6b144768804312260abf87e6 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol 23, Pp 15561-15587 (2023) Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 article 2023 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15561-2023 2023-12-24T01:42:13Z Carbohydrates, originating from marine microorganisms, enter the atmosphere as part of sea spray aerosol (SSA) and can influence fog and cloud microphysics as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) or ice-nucleating particles (INP). Particularly in the remote Arctic region, significant knowledge gaps persist about the sources, the sea-to-air transfer mechanisms, atmospheric concentrations, and processing of this substantial organic group. In this ship-based field study conducted from May to July 2017 in the Fram Strait, Barents Sea, and central Arctic Ocean, we investigated the sea-to-air transfer of marine combined carbohydrates (CCHO) from concerted measurements of the bulk seawater, the sea surface microlayer (SML), aerosol particles and fog. Our results reveal a wide range of CCHO concentrations in seawater (22–1070 µ g L −1 ), with notable variations among different sea-ice-related sea surface compartments. Enrichment factors in the sea surface microlayer (SML) relative to bulk water exhibited variability in both dissolved (0.4–16) and particulate (0.4–49) phases, with the highest values in the marginal ice zone (MIZ) and aged melt ponds. In the atmosphere, CCHO was detected in super- and submicron aerosol particles (CCHO aer,super : 0.07–2.1 ng m −3 CCHO aer,sub : 0.26–4.4 ng m −3 ) and fog water (CCHO fog,liquid : 18–22 000 µ g L −1 CCHO fog,atmos : 3–4300 ng m −3 ). Enrichment factors for sea–air transfer varied based on assumed oceanic emission sources. Furthermore, we observed rapid atmospheric aging of CCHO, indicating both biological/enzymatic processes and abiotic degradation. This study highlights the diverse marine emission sources in the Arctic Ocean and the atmospheric processes shaping the chemical composition of aerosol particles and fog. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea Fram Strait Sea ice Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 23 24 15561 15587 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 |
spellingShingle |
Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 S. Zeppenfeld M. van Pinxteren M. Hartmann M. Zeising A. Bracher H. Herrmann Marine carbohydrates in Arctic aerosol particles and fog – diversity of oceanic sources and atmospheric transformations |
topic_facet |
Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 |
description |
Carbohydrates, originating from marine microorganisms, enter the atmosphere as part of sea spray aerosol (SSA) and can influence fog and cloud microphysics as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) or ice-nucleating particles (INP). Particularly in the remote Arctic region, significant knowledge gaps persist about the sources, the sea-to-air transfer mechanisms, atmospheric concentrations, and processing of this substantial organic group. In this ship-based field study conducted from May to July 2017 in the Fram Strait, Barents Sea, and central Arctic Ocean, we investigated the sea-to-air transfer of marine combined carbohydrates (CCHO) from concerted measurements of the bulk seawater, the sea surface microlayer (SML), aerosol particles and fog. Our results reveal a wide range of CCHO concentrations in seawater (22–1070 µ g L −1 ), with notable variations among different sea-ice-related sea surface compartments. Enrichment factors in the sea surface microlayer (SML) relative to bulk water exhibited variability in both dissolved (0.4–16) and particulate (0.4–49) phases, with the highest values in the marginal ice zone (MIZ) and aged melt ponds. In the atmosphere, CCHO was detected in super- and submicron aerosol particles (CCHO aer,super : 0.07–2.1 ng m −3 CCHO aer,sub : 0.26–4.4 ng m −3 ) and fog water (CCHO fog,liquid : 18–22 000 µ g L −1 CCHO fog,atmos : 3–4300 ng m −3 ). Enrichment factors for sea–air transfer varied based on assumed oceanic emission sources. Furthermore, we observed rapid atmospheric aging of CCHO, indicating both biological/enzymatic processes and abiotic degradation. This study highlights the diverse marine emission sources in the Arctic Ocean and the atmospheric processes shaping the chemical composition of aerosol particles and fog. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
S. Zeppenfeld M. van Pinxteren M. Hartmann M. Zeising A. Bracher H. Herrmann |
author_facet |
S. Zeppenfeld M. van Pinxteren M. Hartmann M. Zeising A. Bracher H. Herrmann |
author_sort |
S. Zeppenfeld |
title |
Marine carbohydrates in Arctic aerosol particles and fog – diversity of oceanic sources and atmospheric transformations |
title_short |
Marine carbohydrates in Arctic aerosol particles and fog – diversity of oceanic sources and atmospheric transformations |
title_full |
Marine carbohydrates in Arctic aerosol particles and fog – diversity of oceanic sources and atmospheric transformations |
title_fullStr |
Marine carbohydrates in Arctic aerosol particles and fog – diversity of oceanic sources and atmospheric transformations |
title_full_unstemmed |
Marine carbohydrates in Arctic aerosol particles and fog – diversity of oceanic sources and atmospheric transformations |
title_sort |
marine carbohydrates in arctic aerosol particles and fog – diversity of oceanic sources and atmospheric transformations |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15561-2023 https://doaj.org/article/5ea8a14e6b144768804312260abf87e6 |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea Fram Strait Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea Fram Strait Sea ice |
op_source |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol 23, Pp 15561-15587 (2023) |
op_relation |
https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/15561/2023/acp-23-15561-2023.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1680-7316 https://doaj.org/toc/1680-7324 doi:10.5194/acp-23-15561-2023 1680-7316 1680-7324 https://doaj.org/article/5ea8a14e6b144768804312260abf87e6 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15561-2023 |
container_title |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
container_volume |
23 |
container_issue |
24 |
container_start_page |
15561 |
op_container_end_page |
15587 |
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1788693565126213632 |