Pneumonia among under-five children in Alexandria, Egypt: a case-control study
Abstract Background Pneumonia among under-five children constitutes a major public health concern. Studies examining risk factors for pneumonia in Egypt are limited. Aim To identify risk factors of pneumonia among under-five children in Alexandria, Egypt. Methods An observational case-control study...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:5e3197f25670402092754d23719d9f4c 2023-05-15T15:15:13+02:00 Pneumonia among under-five children in Alexandria, Egypt: a case-control study Noha Fadl Ayat Ashour Yasmine Yousry Muhammad 2020-07-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/s42506-020-00043-0 https://doaj.org/article/5e3197f25670402092754d23719d9f4c EN eng SpringerOpen http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s42506-020-00043-0 https://doaj.org/toc/2090-262X doi:10.1186/s42506-020-00043-0 2090-262X https://doaj.org/article/5e3197f25670402092754d23719d9f4c Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association, Vol 95, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2020) Pneumonia Under-five Risk factors Egypt Case-control study Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/s42506-020-00043-0 2022-12-31T11:06:36Z Abstract Background Pneumonia among under-five children constitutes a major public health concern. Studies examining risk factors for pneumonia in Egypt are limited. Aim To identify risk factors of pneumonia among under-five children in Alexandria, Egypt. Methods An observational case-control study was conducted over a 5-month period (September 2017–January 2018) in three main pediatric hospitals in Alexandria. A predesigned questionnaire was used to interview 660 mothers of under-five children (330 pneumonia cases and 330 control). The questionnaire included potential risk factors for pneumonia which were categorized into child-related factors, socio-demographic factors, and environmental factors. Results The mean age of the children was 23.14 ± 18.61 months with a range of 1–59 months. Nearly two-thirds (58.5%) were boys. Nine factors were found to be independently associated with pneumonia: age ≤ 12 months (OR = 1.925; 95% CI, 1.356–2.733; P < 0.001), male gender (OR = 1.646; 95% CI, 1.162–2.332; P = 0.005), birth order ≥ 4 (OR = 2.154; 95% CI, 1.282–3.617; P = 0.004), low birth weight (OR = 2.562; 95% CI, 1.718–3.821; P < 0.001), prematurity (OR = 2.019; 95% CI, 1.154–3.531; P = 0.014), place of delivery either at home (OR = 5.669; 95% CI, 1.063–30.237; P = 0.042) or at a public hospital (OR = 1.616; 95% CI, 1.131–2.310; P = 0.008), presence of concomitant illness (OR = 1.902; 95% CI, 1.043–3.469; P = 0.036), poor home aeration (OR = 3.586; 95% CI, 1.971–6.522; P < 0.001), and exposure to outdoor air pollution (OR = 2.403; 95% CI, 1.417–4.076; P = 0.001). Conclusion Several risk factors were significantly related to pneumonia among under-five children. Identifying such factors is important for developing interventions to reduce pneumonia burden among under-five in Egypt. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association 95 1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Pneumonia Under-five Risk factors Egypt Case-control study Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Pneumonia Under-five Risk factors Egypt Case-control study Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Noha Fadl Ayat Ashour Yasmine Yousry Muhammad Pneumonia among under-five children in Alexandria, Egypt: a case-control study |
topic_facet |
Pneumonia Under-five Risk factors Egypt Case-control study Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Abstract Background Pneumonia among under-five children constitutes a major public health concern. Studies examining risk factors for pneumonia in Egypt are limited. Aim To identify risk factors of pneumonia among under-five children in Alexandria, Egypt. Methods An observational case-control study was conducted over a 5-month period (September 2017–January 2018) in three main pediatric hospitals in Alexandria. A predesigned questionnaire was used to interview 660 mothers of under-five children (330 pneumonia cases and 330 control). The questionnaire included potential risk factors for pneumonia which were categorized into child-related factors, socio-demographic factors, and environmental factors. Results The mean age of the children was 23.14 ± 18.61 months with a range of 1–59 months. Nearly two-thirds (58.5%) were boys. Nine factors were found to be independently associated with pneumonia: age ≤ 12 months (OR = 1.925; 95% CI, 1.356–2.733; P < 0.001), male gender (OR = 1.646; 95% CI, 1.162–2.332; P = 0.005), birth order ≥ 4 (OR = 2.154; 95% CI, 1.282–3.617; P = 0.004), low birth weight (OR = 2.562; 95% CI, 1.718–3.821; P < 0.001), prematurity (OR = 2.019; 95% CI, 1.154–3.531; P = 0.014), place of delivery either at home (OR = 5.669; 95% CI, 1.063–30.237; P = 0.042) or at a public hospital (OR = 1.616; 95% CI, 1.131–2.310; P = 0.008), presence of concomitant illness (OR = 1.902; 95% CI, 1.043–3.469; P = 0.036), poor home aeration (OR = 3.586; 95% CI, 1.971–6.522; P < 0.001), and exposure to outdoor air pollution (OR = 2.403; 95% CI, 1.417–4.076; P = 0.001). Conclusion Several risk factors were significantly related to pneumonia among under-five children. Identifying such factors is important for developing interventions to reduce pneumonia burden among under-five in Egypt. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Noha Fadl Ayat Ashour Yasmine Yousry Muhammad |
author_facet |
Noha Fadl Ayat Ashour Yasmine Yousry Muhammad |
author_sort |
Noha Fadl |
title |
Pneumonia among under-five children in Alexandria, Egypt: a case-control study |
title_short |
Pneumonia among under-five children in Alexandria, Egypt: a case-control study |
title_full |
Pneumonia among under-five children in Alexandria, Egypt: a case-control study |
title_fullStr |
Pneumonia among under-five children in Alexandria, Egypt: a case-control study |
title_full_unstemmed |
Pneumonia among under-five children in Alexandria, Egypt: a case-control study |
title_sort |
pneumonia among under-five children in alexandria, egypt: a case-control study |
publisher |
SpringerOpen |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s42506-020-00043-0 https://doaj.org/article/5e3197f25670402092754d23719d9f4c |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association, Vol 95, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2020) |
op_relation |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s42506-020-00043-0 https://doaj.org/toc/2090-262X doi:10.1186/s42506-020-00043-0 2090-262X https://doaj.org/article/5e3197f25670402092754d23719d9f4c |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s42506-020-00043-0 |
container_title |
Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association |
container_volume |
95 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1766345590151577600 |