Myxosporean hyperparasites of gill monogeneans are basal to the Multivalvulida
Abstract Background Myxosporeans are known from aquatic annelids but parasitism of platyhelminths by myxosporeans has not been widely reported. Hyperparasitism of gill monogeneans by Myxidium giardi has been reported from the European eel and Myxidium -like hyperparasites have also been observed dur...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:5e0cca73e0344cd38e4b3e1dd7bafe96 2023-05-15T16:08:41+02:00 Myxosporean hyperparasites of gill monogeneans are basal to the Multivalvulida Freeman Mark A Shinn Andrew P 2011-11-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-4-220 https://doaj.org/article/5e0cca73e0344cd38e4b3e1dd7bafe96 EN eng BMC http://www.parasitesandvectors.com/content/4/1/220 https://doaj.org/toc/1756-3305 doi:10.1186/1756-3305-4-220 1756-3305 https://doaj.org/article/5e0cca73e0344cd38e4b3e1dd7bafe96 Parasites & Vectors, Vol 4, Iss 1, p 220 (2011) Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 article 2011 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-4-220 2022-12-31T01:11:39Z Abstract Background Myxosporeans are known from aquatic annelids but parasitism of platyhelminths by myxosporeans has not been widely reported. Hyperparasitism of gill monogeneans by Myxidium giardi has been reported from the European eel and Myxidium -like hyperparasites have also been observed during studies of gill monogeneans from Malaysia and Japan. The present study aimed to collect new hyperparasite material from Malaysia for morphological and molecular descriptions. In addition, PCR screening of host fish was undertaken to determine whether they are also hosts for the myxosporean. Results Heavy myxosporean infections were observed in monogeneans from two out of 14 fish and were detected from a further five fish using specific PCRs and pooled monogenean DNA. Positive DNA isolates were sequenced and were from a single species of myxosporean. Myxospore morphology was consistent with Myxidium with histozoic development in the parenchymal tissues of the monogenean. Simultaneous infections in the fish could not be confirmed microscopically; however, identical myxosporean DNA could be amplified from kidney, spleen and intestinal tract tissues using the specific PCR. Small subunit (SSU) rDNA for the myxosporean was amplified and was found to be most similar (92%) to that of another hyperparasitic myxosporean from a gill monogenean from Japan and to numerous multivalvulidan myxosporeans from the genus Kudoa (89-91%). Phylogenetic analyses placed the hyperparasite sequence basally to clades containing Kudoa , Unicapsula and Sphaerospora . Conclusions The myxosporean infecting the gill monogenean, Diplectanocotyla gracilis , from the Indo-Pacific tarpon, Megalops cyprinoides , is described as a new species, Myxidium incomptavermi , based on a histozoic development in the monogenean host and its phylogenetic placement. We have demonstrated for the first time that a myxosporean hyperparasite of gill monogeneans is detectable in the fish host. However, myxospores could not be isolated from the fish and confirmation ... Article in Journal/Newspaper European eel Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Pacific Parasites & Vectors 4 1 |
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language |
English |
topic |
Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
spellingShingle |
Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Freeman Mark A Shinn Andrew P Myxosporean hyperparasites of gill monogeneans are basal to the Multivalvulida |
topic_facet |
Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
description |
Abstract Background Myxosporeans are known from aquatic annelids but parasitism of platyhelminths by myxosporeans has not been widely reported. Hyperparasitism of gill monogeneans by Myxidium giardi has been reported from the European eel and Myxidium -like hyperparasites have also been observed during studies of gill monogeneans from Malaysia and Japan. The present study aimed to collect new hyperparasite material from Malaysia for morphological and molecular descriptions. In addition, PCR screening of host fish was undertaken to determine whether they are also hosts for the myxosporean. Results Heavy myxosporean infections were observed in monogeneans from two out of 14 fish and were detected from a further five fish using specific PCRs and pooled monogenean DNA. Positive DNA isolates were sequenced and were from a single species of myxosporean. Myxospore morphology was consistent with Myxidium with histozoic development in the parenchymal tissues of the monogenean. Simultaneous infections in the fish could not be confirmed microscopically; however, identical myxosporean DNA could be amplified from kidney, spleen and intestinal tract tissues using the specific PCR. Small subunit (SSU) rDNA for the myxosporean was amplified and was found to be most similar (92%) to that of another hyperparasitic myxosporean from a gill monogenean from Japan and to numerous multivalvulidan myxosporeans from the genus Kudoa (89-91%). Phylogenetic analyses placed the hyperparasite sequence basally to clades containing Kudoa , Unicapsula and Sphaerospora . Conclusions The myxosporean infecting the gill monogenean, Diplectanocotyla gracilis , from the Indo-Pacific tarpon, Megalops cyprinoides , is described as a new species, Myxidium incomptavermi , based on a histozoic development in the monogenean host and its phylogenetic placement. We have demonstrated for the first time that a myxosporean hyperparasite of gill monogeneans is detectable in the fish host. However, myxospores could not be isolated from the fish and confirmation ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Freeman Mark A Shinn Andrew P |
author_facet |
Freeman Mark A Shinn Andrew P |
author_sort |
Freeman Mark A |
title |
Myxosporean hyperparasites of gill monogeneans are basal to the Multivalvulida |
title_short |
Myxosporean hyperparasites of gill monogeneans are basal to the Multivalvulida |
title_full |
Myxosporean hyperparasites of gill monogeneans are basal to the Multivalvulida |
title_fullStr |
Myxosporean hyperparasites of gill monogeneans are basal to the Multivalvulida |
title_full_unstemmed |
Myxosporean hyperparasites of gill monogeneans are basal to the Multivalvulida |
title_sort |
myxosporean hyperparasites of gill monogeneans are basal to the multivalvulida |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-4-220 https://doaj.org/article/5e0cca73e0344cd38e4b3e1dd7bafe96 |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
European eel |
genre_facet |
European eel |
op_source |
Parasites & Vectors, Vol 4, Iss 1, p 220 (2011) |
op_relation |
http://www.parasitesandvectors.com/content/4/1/220 https://doaj.org/toc/1756-3305 doi:10.1186/1756-3305-4-220 1756-3305 https://doaj.org/article/5e0cca73e0344cd38e4b3e1dd7bafe96 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-4-220 |
container_title |
Parasites & Vectors |
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4 |
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1 |
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1766404702751162368 |