Effects of undercutting and sliding on calving: a global approach applied to Kronebreen, Svalbard
In this paper, we study the effects of basal friction, sub-aqueous undercutting and glacier geometry on the calving process by combining six different models in an offline-coupled workflow: a continuum–mechanical ice flow model (Elmer/Ice), a climatic mass balance model, a simple subglacial hydrolog...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:5df32f1317f042608b0f2469387de493 2023-05-15T16:22:10+02:00 Effects of undercutting and sliding on calving: a global approach applied to Kronebreen, Svalbard D. Vallot J. Åström T. Zwinger R. Pettersson A. Everett D. I. Benn A. Luckman W. J. J. van Pelt F. Nick J. Kohler 2018-02-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-609-2018 https://doaj.org/article/5df32f1317f042608b0f2469387de493 EN eng Copernicus Publications https://www.the-cryosphere.net/12/609/2018/tc-12-609-2018.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0416 https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0424 doi:10.5194/tc-12-609-2018 1994-0416 1994-0424 https://doaj.org/article/5df32f1317f042608b0f2469387de493 The Cryosphere, Vol 12, Pp 609-625 (2018) Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 article 2018 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-609-2018 2022-12-30T22:37:47Z In this paper, we study the effects of basal friction, sub-aqueous undercutting and glacier geometry on the calving process by combining six different models in an offline-coupled workflow: a continuum–mechanical ice flow model (Elmer/Ice), a climatic mass balance model, a simple subglacial hydrology model, a plume model, an undercutting model and a discrete particle model to investigate fracture dynamics (Helsinki Discrete Element Model, HiDEM). We demonstrate the feasibility of reproducing the observed calving retreat at the front of Kronebreen, a tidewater glacier in Svalbard, during a melt season by using the output from the first five models as input to HiDEM. Basal sliding and glacier motion are addressed using Elmer/Ice, while calving is modelled by HiDEM. A hydrology model calculates subglacial drainage paths and indicates two main outlets with different discharges. Depending on the discharge, the plume model computes frontal melt rates, which are iteratively projected to the actual front of the glacier at subglacial discharge locations. This produces undercutting of different sizes, as melt is concentrated close to the surface for high discharge and is more diffuse for low discharge. By testing different configurations, we show that undercutting plays a key role in glacier retreat and is necessary to reproduce observed retreat in the vicinity of the discharge locations during the melting season. Calving rates are also influenced by basal friction, through its effects on near-terminus strain rates and ice velocity. Article in Journal/Newspaper glacier Svalbard The Cryosphere Tidewater Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Svalbard Kronebreen ENVELOPE(13.333,13.333,78.833,78.833) The Cryosphere 12 2 609 625 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 D. Vallot J. Åström T. Zwinger R. Pettersson A. Everett D. I. Benn A. Luckman W. J. J. van Pelt F. Nick J. Kohler Effects of undercutting and sliding on calving: a global approach applied to Kronebreen, Svalbard |
topic_facet |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
In this paper, we study the effects of basal friction, sub-aqueous undercutting and glacier geometry on the calving process by combining six different models in an offline-coupled workflow: a continuum–mechanical ice flow model (Elmer/Ice), a climatic mass balance model, a simple subglacial hydrology model, a plume model, an undercutting model and a discrete particle model to investigate fracture dynamics (Helsinki Discrete Element Model, HiDEM). We demonstrate the feasibility of reproducing the observed calving retreat at the front of Kronebreen, a tidewater glacier in Svalbard, during a melt season by using the output from the first five models as input to HiDEM. Basal sliding and glacier motion are addressed using Elmer/Ice, while calving is modelled by HiDEM. A hydrology model calculates subglacial drainage paths and indicates two main outlets with different discharges. Depending on the discharge, the plume model computes frontal melt rates, which are iteratively projected to the actual front of the glacier at subglacial discharge locations. This produces undercutting of different sizes, as melt is concentrated close to the surface for high discharge and is more diffuse for low discharge. By testing different configurations, we show that undercutting plays a key role in glacier retreat and is necessary to reproduce observed retreat in the vicinity of the discharge locations during the melting season. Calving rates are also influenced by basal friction, through its effects on near-terminus strain rates and ice velocity. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
D. Vallot J. Åström T. Zwinger R. Pettersson A. Everett D. I. Benn A. Luckman W. J. J. van Pelt F. Nick J. Kohler |
author_facet |
D. Vallot J. Åström T. Zwinger R. Pettersson A. Everett D. I. Benn A. Luckman W. J. J. van Pelt F. Nick J. Kohler |
author_sort |
D. Vallot |
title |
Effects of undercutting and sliding on calving: a global approach applied to Kronebreen, Svalbard |
title_short |
Effects of undercutting and sliding on calving: a global approach applied to Kronebreen, Svalbard |
title_full |
Effects of undercutting and sliding on calving: a global approach applied to Kronebreen, Svalbard |
title_fullStr |
Effects of undercutting and sliding on calving: a global approach applied to Kronebreen, Svalbard |
title_full_unstemmed |
Effects of undercutting and sliding on calving: a global approach applied to Kronebreen, Svalbard |
title_sort |
effects of undercutting and sliding on calving: a global approach applied to kronebreen, svalbard |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-609-2018 https://doaj.org/article/5df32f1317f042608b0f2469387de493 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(13.333,13.333,78.833,78.833) |
geographic |
Svalbard Kronebreen |
geographic_facet |
Svalbard Kronebreen |
genre |
glacier Svalbard The Cryosphere Tidewater |
genre_facet |
glacier Svalbard The Cryosphere Tidewater |
op_source |
The Cryosphere, Vol 12, Pp 609-625 (2018) |
op_relation |
https://www.the-cryosphere.net/12/609/2018/tc-12-609-2018.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0416 https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0424 doi:10.5194/tc-12-609-2018 1994-0416 1994-0424 https://doaj.org/article/5df32f1317f042608b0f2469387de493 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-609-2018 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
12 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
609 |
op_container_end_page |
625 |
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1766010141607460864 |