Performance and Participation in the ‘Vasaloppet’ Cross-Country Skiing Race during a Century
This study investigated gender differences in performance and participation and the role of nationality during one century in one of the largest cross-country (XC) skiing events in the world, the ‘Vasaloppet‘ in Sweden. The total number of female and male athletes who finished (n = 562,413) this rac...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:5ce2c847eec44dd3b92d144877cf7026 2023-05-15T16:51:33+02:00 Performance and Participation in the ‘Vasaloppet’ Cross-Country Skiing Race during a Century Nastja Romancuk Pantelis T. Nikolaidis Elias Villiger Hamdi Chtourou Thomas Rosemann Beat Knechtle 2019-04-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/sports7040086 https://doaj.org/article/5ce2c847eec44dd3b92d144877cf7026 EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4663/7/4/86 https://doaj.org/toc/2075-4663 2075-4663 doi:10.3390/sports7040086 https://doaj.org/article/5ce2c847eec44dd3b92d144877cf7026 Sports, Vol 7, Iss 4, p 86 (2019) aerobic capacity cross-country skiing nationality participation performance sex difference ultra-endurance Sports GV557-1198.995 article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/sports7040086 2022-12-30T22:09:17Z This study investigated gender differences in performance and participation and the role of nationality during one century in one of the largest cross-country (XC) skiing events in the world, the ‘Vasaloppet‘ in Sweden. The total number of female and male athletes who finished (n = 562,413) this race between 1922 and 2017 was considered. Most of the finishers were Swedish (81.03% of women and 88.39% of men), followed by Norwegians and Finnish. The overall men-to-women ratio was 17.5. A gender × nationality association was observed for participation (χ 2 = 1,823.44, p < 0.001, φ = 0.057), with the men-to-women ratio ranging from 6.7 (USA) to 19.1 (Sweden). For both genders, the participation (%) of Swedish decreased, and that of all other nationalities (except Swiss) increased across years. Regarding the mean race time, men were faster than women by 14.5% (7 h 52 min 17 s versus 9 h 00 min 55 s, respectively). A trivial gender×nationality interaction regarding the race time was observed (p < 0.001, η 2 < 0.001), with gender differences ranging from 4.4% (USA) to 22.0% (Iceland). The race time increased across calendar years for both women (r = 0.45, p = 0.006, moderate magnitude) and men (r = 0.25, p = 0.015, small magnitude). On the basis of these findings, we concluded that a relatively small number of women pariticipates in XC skiing. Therefore, the development of public health policies targeting the participation of women in XC skiing should be a concern in the countries with a tradition of this sport. Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Sports 7 4 86 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
aerobic capacity cross-country skiing nationality participation performance sex difference ultra-endurance Sports GV557-1198.995 |
spellingShingle |
aerobic capacity cross-country skiing nationality participation performance sex difference ultra-endurance Sports GV557-1198.995 Nastja Romancuk Pantelis T. Nikolaidis Elias Villiger Hamdi Chtourou Thomas Rosemann Beat Knechtle Performance and Participation in the ‘Vasaloppet’ Cross-Country Skiing Race during a Century |
topic_facet |
aerobic capacity cross-country skiing nationality participation performance sex difference ultra-endurance Sports GV557-1198.995 |
description |
This study investigated gender differences in performance and participation and the role of nationality during one century in one of the largest cross-country (XC) skiing events in the world, the ‘Vasaloppet‘ in Sweden. The total number of female and male athletes who finished (n = 562,413) this race between 1922 and 2017 was considered. Most of the finishers were Swedish (81.03% of women and 88.39% of men), followed by Norwegians and Finnish. The overall men-to-women ratio was 17.5. A gender × nationality association was observed for participation (χ 2 = 1,823.44, p < 0.001, φ = 0.057), with the men-to-women ratio ranging from 6.7 (USA) to 19.1 (Sweden). For both genders, the participation (%) of Swedish decreased, and that of all other nationalities (except Swiss) increased across years. Regarding the mean race time, men were faster than women by 14.5% (7 h 52 min 17 s versus 9 h 00 min 55 s, respectively). A trivial gender×nationality interaction regarding the race time was observed (p < 0.001, η 2 < 0.001), with gender differences ranging from 4.4% (USA) to 22.0% (Iceland). The race time increased across calendar years for both women (r = 0.45, p = 0.006, moderate magnitude) and men (r = 0.25, p = 0.015, small magnitude). On the basis of these findings, we concluded that a relatively small number of women pariticipates in XC skiing. Therefore, the development of public health policies targeting the participation of women in XC skiing should be a concern in the countries with a tradition of this sport. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Nastja Romancuk Pantelis T. Nikolaidis Elias Villiger Hamdi Chtourou Thomas Rosemann Beat Knechtle |
author_facet |
Nastja Romancuk Pantelis T. Nikolaidis Elias Villiger Hamdi Chtourou Thomas Rosemann Beat Knechtle |
author_sort |
Nastja Romancuk |
title |
Performance and Participation in the ‘Vasaloppet’ Cross-Country Skiing Race during a Century |
title_short |
Performance and Participation in the ‘Vasaloppet’ Cross-Country Skiing Race during a Century |
title_full |
Performance and Participation in the ‘Vasaloppet’ Cross-Country Skiing Race during a Century |
title_fullStr |
Performance and Participation in the ‘Vasaloppet’ Cross-Country Skiing Race during a Century |
title_full_unstemmed |
Performance and Participation in the ‘Vasaloppet’ Cross-Country Skiing Race during a Century |
title_sort |
performance and participation in the ‘vasaloppet’ cross-country skiing race during a century |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/sports7040086 https://doaj.org/article/5ce2c847eec44dd3b92d144877cf7026 |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_source |
Sports, Vol 7, Iss 4, p 86 (2019) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4663/7/4/86 https://doaj.org/toc/2075-4663 2075-4663 doi:10.3390/sports7040086 https://doaj.org/article/5ce2c847eec44dd3b92d144877cf7026 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/sports7040086 |
container_title |
Sports |
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86 |
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