Serological markers of sand fly exposure to evaluate insecticidal nets against visceral leishmaniasis in India and Nepal: a cluster-randomized trial.
Visceral leishmaniasis is the world' second largest vector-borne parasitic killer and a neglected tropical disease, prevalent in poor communities. Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LNs) are a low cost proven vector intervention method for malaria control; however, their effectiveness against visc...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:5b2d57085f3040b2a248703d7035f33f 2023-05-15T15:13:26+02:00 Serological markers of sand fly exposure to evaluate insecticidal nets against visceral leishmaniasis in India and Nepal: a cluster-randomized trial. Kamlesh Gidwani Albert Picado Suman Rijal Shri Prakash Singh Lalita Roy Vera Volfova Elisabeth Wreford Andersen Surendra Uranw Bart Ostyn Medhavi Sudarshan Jaya Chakravarty Petr Volf Shyam Sundar Marleen Boelaert Matthew Edward Rogers 2011-09-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001296 https://doaj.org/article/5b2d57085f3040b2a248703d7035f33f EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3172194?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001296 https://doaj.org/article/5b2d57085f3040b2a248703d7035f33f PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 5, Iss 9, p e1296 (2011) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2011 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001296 2022-12-31T09:26:49Z Visceral leishmaniasis is the world' second largest vector-borne parasitic killer and a neglected tropical disease, prevalent in poor communities. Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LNs) are a low cost proven vector intervention method for malaria control; however, their effectiveness against visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is unknown. This study quantified the effect of LNs on exposure to the sand fly vector of VL in India and Nepal during a two year community intervention trial.As part of a paired-cluster randomized controlled clinical trial in VL-endemic regions of India and Nepal we tested the effect of LNs on sand fly biting by measuring the antibody response of subjects to the saliva of Leishmania donovani vector Phlebotomus argentipes and the sympatric (non-vector) Phlebotomus papatasi. Fifteen to 20 individuals above 15 years of age from 26 VL endemic clusters were asked to provide a blood sample at baseline, 12 and 24 months post-intervention.A total of 305 individuals were included in the study, 68 participants provided two blood samples and 237 gave three samples. A random effect linear regression model showed that cluster-wide distribution of LNs reduced exposure to P. argentipes by 12% at 12 months (effect 0.88; 95% CI 0.83-0.94) and 9% at 24 months (effect 0.91; 95% CI 0.80-1.02) in the intervention group compared to control adjusting for baseline values and pair. Similar results were obtained for P. papatasi.This trial provides evidence that LNs have a limited effect on sand fly exposure in VL endemic communities in India and Nepal and supports the use of sand fly saliva antibodies as a marker to evaluate vector control interventions. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 5 9 e1296 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Kamlesh Gidwani Albert Picado Suman Rijal Shri Prakash Singh Lalita Roy Vera Volfova Elisabeth Wreford Andersen Surendra Uranw Bart Ostyn Medhavi Sudarshan Jaya Chakravarty Petr Volf Shyam Sundar Marleen Boelaert Matthew Edward Rogers Serological markers of sand fly exposure to evaluate insecticidal nets against visceral leishmaniasis in India and Nepal: a cluster-randomized trial. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Visceral leishmaniasis is the world' second largest vector-borne parasitic killer and a neglected tropical disease, prevalent in poor communities. Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LNs) are a low cost proven vector intervention method for malaria control; however, their effectiveness against visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is unknown. This study quantified the effect of LNs on exposure to the sand fly vector of VL in India and Nepal during a two year community intervention trial.As part of a paired-cluster randomized controlled clinical trial in VL-endemic regions of India and Nepal we tested the effect of LNs on sand fly biting by measuring the antibody response of subjects to the saliva of Leishmania donovani vector Phlebotomus argentipes and the sympatric (non-vector) Phlebotomus papatasi. Fifteen to 20 individuals above 15 years of age from 26 VL endemic clusters were asked to provide a blood sample at baseline, 12 and 24 months post-intervention.A total of 305 individuals were included in the study, 68 participants provided two blood samples and 237 gave three samples. A random effect linear regression model showed that cluster-wide distribution of LNs reduced exposure to P. argentipes by 12% at 12 months (effect 0.88; 95% CI 0.83-0.94) and 9% at 24 months (effect 0.91; 95% CI 0.80-1.02) in the intervention group compared to control adjusting for baseline values and pair. Similar results were obtained for P. papatasi.This trial provides evidence that LNs have a limited effect on sand fly exposure in VL endemic communities in India and Nepal and supports the use of sand fly saliva antibodies as a marker to evaluate vector control interventions. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Kamlesh Gidwani Albert Picado Suman Rijal Shri Prakash Singh Lalita Roy Vera Volfova Elisabeth Wreford Andersen Surendra Uranw Bart Ostyn Medhavi Sudarshan Jaya Chakravarty Petr Volf Shyam Sundar Marleen Boelaert Matthew Edward Rogers |
author_facet |
Kamlesh Gidwani Albert Picado Suman Rijal Shri Prakash Singh Lalita Roy Vera Volfova Elisabeth Wreford Andersen Surendra Uranw Bart Ostyn Medhavi Sudarshan Jaya Chakravarty Petr Volf Shyam Sundar Marleen Boelaert Matthew Edward Rogers |
author_sort |
Kamlesh Gidwani |
title |
Serological markers of sand fly exposure to evaluate insecticidal nets against visceral leishmaniasis in India and Nepal: a cluster-randomized trial. |
title_short |
Serological markers of sand fly exposure to evaluate insecticidal nets against visceral leishmaniasis in India and Nepal: a cluster-randomized trial. |
title_full |
Serological markers of sand fly exposure to evaluate insecticidal nets against visceral leishmaniasis in India and Nepal: a cluster-randomized trial. |
title_fullStr |
Serological markers of sand fly exposure to evaluate insecticidal nets against visceral leishmaniasis in India and Nepal: a cluster-randomized trial. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Serological markers of sand fly exposure to evaluate insecticidal nets against visceral leishmaniasis in India and Nepal: a cluster-randomized trial. |
title_sort |
serological markers of sand fly exposure to evaluate insecticidal nets against visceral leishmaniasis in india and nepal: a cluster-randomized trial. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001296 https://doaj.org/article/5b2d57085f3040b2a248703d7035f33f |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 5, Iss 9, p e1296 (2011) |
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http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3172194?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001296 https://doaj.org/article/5b2d57085f3040b2a248703d7035f33f |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001296 |
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PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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5 |
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9 |
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e1296 |
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