Optimization of Plasmodium vivax sporozoite production from Anopheles stephensi in South West India
Abstract Background Efforts to study the biology of Plasmodium vivax liver stages, particularly the latent hypnozoites, have been hampered by the limited availability of P. vivax sporozoites. Anopheles stephensi is a major urban malaria vector in Goa and elsewhere in South Asia. Using P. vivax patie...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:5b287c73790f4137ad885d1e8efec12a 2023-05-15T15:16:08+02:00 Optimization of Plasmodium vivax sporozoite production from Anopheles stephensi in South West India Ajeet Kumar Mohanty Charles de Souza Deepika Harjai Prathamesh Ghavanalkar Mezia Fernandes Anvily Almeida Jayashri Walke Suresh Kumar Manoharan Ligia Pereira Rashmi Dash Anjali Mascarenhas Edwin Gomes Thanyapit Thita Laura Chery Anupkumar R. Anvikar Ashwani Kumar Neena Valecha Pradipsinh K. Rathod Rapatbhorn Patrapuvich 2021-05-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03767-2 https://doaj.org/article/5b287c73790f4137ad885d1e8efec12a EN eng BMC https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03767-2 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/s12936-021-03767-2 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/5b287c73790f4137ad885d1e8efec12a Malaria Journal, Vol 20, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021) Anopheles stephensi Insectary Plasmodium vivax Membrane-feeding assays Sporozoite Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03767-2 2022-12-31T13:10:43Z Abstract Background Efforts to study the biology of Plasmodium vivax liver stages, particularly the latent hypnozoites, have been hampered by the limited availability of P. vivax sporozoites. Anopheles stephensi is a major urban malaria vector in Goa and elsewhere in South Asia. Using P. vivax patient blood samples, a series of standard membrane-feeding experiments were performed with An. stephensi under the US NIH International Center of Excellence for Malaria Research (ICEMR) for Malaria Evolution in South Asia (MESA). The goal was to understand the dynamics of parasite development in mosquitoes as well as the production of P. vivax sporozoites. To obtain a robust supply of P. vivax sporozoites, mosquito-rearing and mosquito membrane-feeding techniques were optimized, which are described here. Methods Membrane-feeding experiments were conducted using both wild and laboratory-colonized An. stephensi mosquitoes and patient-derived P. vivax collected at the Goa Medical College and Hospital. Parasite development to midgut oocysts and salivary gland sporozoites was assessed on days 7 and 14 post-feeding, respectively. The optimal conditions for mosquito rearing and feeding were evaluated to produce high-quality mosquitoes and to yield a high sporozoite rate, respectively. Results Laboratory-colonized mosquitoes could be starved for a shorter time before successful blood feeding compared with wild-caught mosquitoes. Optimizing the mosquito-rearing methods significantly increased mosquito survival. For mosquito feeding, replacing patient plasma with naïve serum increased sporozoite production > two-fold. With these changes, the sporozoite infection rate was high (> 85%) and resulted in an average of ~ 22,000 sporozoites per mosquito. Some mosquitoes reached up to 73,000 sporozoites. Sporozoite production could not be predicted from gametocyte density but could be predicted by measuring oocyst infection and oocyst load. Conclusions Optimized conditions for the production of high-quality P. vivax ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Malaria Journal 20 1 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Anopheles stephensi Insectary Plasmodium vivax Membrane-feeding assays Sporozoite Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
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Anopheles stephensi Insectary Plasmodium vivax Membrane-feeding assays Sporozoite Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Ajeet Kumar Mohanty Charles de Souza Deepika Harjai Prathamesh Ghavanalkar Mezia Fernandes Anvily Almeida Jayashri Walke Suresh Kumar Manoharan Ligia Pereira Rashmi Dash Anjali Mascarenhas Edwin Gomes Thanyapit Thita Laura Chery Anupkumar R. Anvikar Ashwani Kumar Neena Valecha Pradipsinh K. Rathod Rapatbhorn Patrapuvich Optimization of Plasmodium vivax sporozoite production from Anopheles stephensi in South West India |
topic_facet |
Anopheles stephensi Insectary Plasmodium vivax Membrane-feeding assays Sporozoite Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
description |
Abstract Background Efforts to study the biology of Plasmodium vivax liver stages, particularly the latent hypnozoites, have been hampered by the limited availability of P. vivax sporozoites. Anopheles stephensi is a major urban malaria vector in Goa and elsewhere in South Asia. Using P. vivax patient blood samples, a series of standard membrane-feeding experiments were performed with An. stephensi under the US NIH International Center of Excellence for Malaria Research (ICEMR) for Malaria Evolution in South Asia (MESA). The goal was to understand the dynamics of parasite development in mosquitoes as well as the production of P. vivax sporozoites. To obtain a robust supply of P. vivax sporozoites, mosquito-rearing and mosquito membrane-feeding techniques were optimized, which are described here. Methods Membrane-feeding experiments were conducted using both wild and laboratory-colonized An. stephensi mosquitoes and patient-derived P. vivax collected at the Goa Medical College and Hospital. Parasite development to midgut oocysts and salivary gland sporozoites was assessed on days 7 and 14 post-feeding, respectively. The optimal conditions for mosquito rearing and feeding were evaluated to produce high-quality mosquitoes and to yield a high sporozoite rate, respectively. Results Laboratory-colonized mosquitoes could be starved for a shorter time before successful blood feeding compared with wild-caught mosquitoes. Optimizing the mosquito-rearing methods significantly increased mosquito survival. For mosquito feeding, replacing patient plasma with naïve serum increased sporozoite production > two-fold. With these changes, the sporozoite infection rate was high (> 85%) and resulted in an average of ~ 22,000 sporozoites per mosquito. Some mosquitoes reached up to 73,000 sporozoites. Sporozoite production could not be predicted from gametocyte density but could be predicted by measuring oocyst infection and oocyst load. Conclusions Optimized conditions for the production of high-quality P. vivax ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ajeet Kumar Mohanty Charles de Souza Deepika Harjai Prathamesh Ghavanalkar Mezia Fernandes Anvily Almeida Jayashri Walke Suresh Kumar Manoharan Ligia Pereira Rashmi Dash Anjali Mascarenhas Edwin Gomes Thanyapit Thita Laura Chery Anupkumar R. Anvikar Ashwani Kumar Neena Valecha Pradipsinh K. Rathod Rapatbhorn Patrapuvich |
author_facet |
Ajeet Kumar Mohanty Charles de Souza Deepika Harjai Prathamesh Ghavanalkar Mezia Fernandes Anvily Almeida Jayashri Walke Suresh Kumar Manoharan Ligia Pereira Rashmi Dash Anjali Mascarenhas Edwin Gomes Thanyapit Thita Laura Chery Anupkumar R. Anvikar Ashwani Kumar Neena Valecha Pradipsinh K. Rathod Rapatbhorn Patrapuvich |
author_sort |
Ajeet Kumar Mohanty |
title |
Optimization of Plasmodium vivax sporozoite production from Anopheles stephensi in South West India |
title_short |
Optimization of Plasmodium vivax sporozoite production from Anopheles stephensi in South West India |
title_full |
Optimization of Plasmodium vivax sporozoite production from Anopheles stephensi in South West India |
title_fullStr |
Optimization of Plasmodium vivax sporozoite production from Anopheles stephensi in South West India |
title_full_unstemmed |
Optimization of Plasmodium vivax sporozoite production from Anopheles stephensi in South West India |
title_sort |
optimization of plasmodium vivax sporozoite production from anopheles stephensi in south west india |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03767-2 https://doaj.org/article/5b287c73790f4137ad885d1e8efec12a |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Malaria Journal, Vol 20, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03767-2 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/s12936-021-03767-2 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/5b287c73790f4137ad885d1e8efec12a |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03767-2 |
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Malaria Journal |
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20 |
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