Features of the phenotypic and genotypic lipid status of the indigenous ethnic group of the Arctic in the conditions of island living

• Published in: Aterotromboz = Atherothrombosis
• Main Authors: N. A. Vorobyeva, N. I. Belova, A. I. Vorobyeva
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: Russian
• Published: «REMEDIUM GROUP» Ltd. 2020
• Subjects: липиды; дислипидемия; атеротромбоз; ожирение; гены; ненцы; арктика; Internal medicine; RC31-1245; Arctic; Vaygach; Vaygach Island; Арктика; Ненцы
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.21518/2307-1109-2020-2-44-55; https://doaj.org/article/5b224f6506304ee682cadeb466e93f2a

Introduction. Dyslipidemia and obesity are interdisciplinary and “multi-metabolic” diseases, pathogenetically associated with the development of atherothrombosis, which creates practical health problems. The development of both dyslipidemia and obesity is influenced by socio-demographic, environmental, genetic and many physiological and behavioral factors, while the contribution of genetic factors is 40-70%. The goal is to identify the genetic characteristics oflipid status and fat metabolism in the indigenous ethnic group of the Arctic region of the Russian Federation under conditions of permanent islandliving.Methods. A cross-sectional population study of an indigenous ethnic group (n = 44) living on Vaygach Island (70 ° 01 ' Nlat 59 ° 33 ' E). The reported study was funded by RFBR according to the research project №18-00-00814-(18-00-00478). Serum cholesterol and triglycerides were determined as markers oflipid metabolism in blood serum. To analyze the genetic profile, the polymorphism of the FTO A23525T gene and the LPL Ser447Ter gene was determined by polymerase chain reaction.Results. In the sample of the indigenous ethnic group, BMI was 26.0 [21.5; 29.75] kg/m2. BMI for men is 23.0 [18.0; 28.0] kg/m2, for women - 25.0 [18.0; 29.25] kg / m2. Carriers of the unfavorable allele A had a higher BMI than carriers of the T allele. Analysis of the effect of rs9939609 genetic polymorphism on thelevel of total cholesterol did not show statistically significant differences between the FTO gene genotypes. A minimal triglyceride concentration was observed in carriers of the protective genotype Ter/Ter.Conclusion. Understanding the similarities and differences in genetic susceptibility among different ethnic groups can ultimately contribute to a more focused primary prevention and patient-oriented approach of cardiovascular pathology.