Geochemical Processes Controlling Ionic Composition of Water in the Catchments of Lakes Saana and Saanalampi in the Kilpisjärvi Area of North Scandinavia

The study focuses on chemical composition of stream and subsurface water in the catchments of two small arctic alpine lakes in the Kilpisjärvi area (northwest Finland). Differences and changes in chemical components of both water types are followed in order to detect spatial variability and impact o...

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Published in:Geosciences
Main Authors: Valle Raidla, Enn Kaup, Sigrid Hade, Jüri Ivask, Alvar Soesoo
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2019
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9040174
https://doaj.org/article/59c6e642bfc64efdbe4b521d66113ca9
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spelling ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:59c6e642bfc64efdbe4b521d66113ca9 2023-05-15T14:54:20+02:00 Geochemical Processes Controlling Ionic Composition of Water in the Catchments of Lakes Saana and Saanalampi in the Kilpisjärvi Area of North Scandinavia Valle Raidla Enn Kaup Sigrid Hade Jüri Ivask Alvar Soesoo 2019-04-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9040174 https://doaj.org/article/59c6e642bfc64efdbe4b521d66113ca9 EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3263/9/4/174 https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3263 2076-3263 doi:10.3390/geosciences9040174 https://doaj.org/article/59c6e642bfc64efdbe4b521d66113ca9 Geosciences, Vol 9, Iss 4, p 174 (2019) Arctic conditions stream water chemistry pyrite oxidation weathering Geology QE1-996.5 article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9040174 2023-01-08T01:31:18Z The study focuses on chemical composition of stream and subsurface water in the catchments of two small arctic alpine lakes in the Kilpisjärvi area (northwest Finland). Differences and changes in chemical components of both water types are followed in order to detect spatial variability and impact of environmental factors. To achieve this, ion compositions of subsurface water and streams were measured at 12 sites in the catchments of Lakes Saana and Saanalampi during four years (2008–2010, and again in 2017). In the Lake Saanalampi catchment, the salinity of stream water (7.0 to 12.7 μS·cm −1 ) corresponded to that of snow. In the catchment of Lake Saana, however, the conductivity in stream water was much higher (40 to 220 μS·cm −1 ), connected mainly to the increase of SO 4 2 − and less with Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ contents, especially in the western part of the Saana catchment. These results demonstrate that arctic conditions do not preclude intense chemical weathering where conditions are favourable. Although chemical composition of the soil fluid does not match the geochemical signal from the local soil, rock composition, especially the presence of pyrite, is the main controller of chemical weathering rates of the rocks on the area. This supports earlier views that the character of precipitation mostly controls water chemistry of local lakes in the Kilpisjärvi area. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Kilpisjärvi Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Kilpisjärvi ENVELOPE(20.767,20.767,69.034,69.034) Saana ENVELOPE(20.859,20.859,69.043,69.043) Geosciences 9 4 174
institution Open Polar
collection Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles
op_collection_id ftdoajarticles
language English
topic Arctic conditions
stream water chemistry
pyrite oxidation
weathering
Geology
QE1-996.5
spellingShingle Arctic conditions
stream water chemistry
pyrite oxidation
weathering
Geology
QE1-996.5
Valle Raidla
Enn Kaup
Sigrid Hade
Jüri Ivask
Alvar Soesoo
Geochemical Processes Controlling Ionic Composition of Water in the Catchments of Lakes Saana and Saanalampi in the Kilpisjärvi Area of North Scandinavia
topic_facet Arctic conditions
stream water chemistry
pyrite oxidation
weathering
Geology
QE1-996.5
description The study focuses on chemical composition of stream and subsurface water in the catchments of two small arctic alpine lakes in the Kilpisjärvi area (northwest Finland). Differences and changes in chemical components of both water types are followed in order to detect spatial variability and impact of environmental factors. To achieve this, ion compositions of subsurface water and streams were measured at 12 sites in the catchments of Lakes Saana and Saanalampi during four years (2008–2010, and again in 2017). In the Lake Saanalampi catchment, the salinity of stream water (7.0 to 12.7 μS·cm −1 ) corresponded to that of snow. In the catchment of Lake Saana, however, the conductivity in stream water was much higher (40 to 220 μS·cm −1 ), connected mainly to the increase of SO 4 2 − and less with Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ contents, especially in the western part of the Saana catchment. These results demonstrate that arctic conditions do not preclude intense chemical weathering where conditions are favourable. Although chemical composition of the soil fluid does not match the geochemical signal from the local soil, rock composition, especially the presence of pyrite, is the main controller of chemical weathering rates of the rocks on the area. This supports earlier views that the character of precipitation mostly controls water chemistry of local lakes in the Kilpisjärvi area.
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author Valle Raidla
Enn Kaup
Sigrid Hade
Jüri Ivask
Alvar Soesoo
author_facet Valle Raidla
Enn Kaup
Sigrid Hade
Jüri Ivask
Alvar Soesoo
author_sort Valle Raidla
title Geochemical Processes Controlling Ionic Composition of Water in the Catchments of Lakes Saana and Saanalampi in the Kilpisjärvi Area of North Scandinavia
title_short Geochemical Processes Controlling Ionic Composition of Water in the Catchments of Lakes Saana and Saanalampi in the Kilpisjärvi Area of North Scandinavia
title_full Geochemical Processes Controlling Ionic Composition of Water in the Catchments of Lakes Saana and Saanalampi in the Kilpisjärvi Area of North Scandinavia
title_fullStr Geochemical Processes Controlling Ionic Composition of Water in the Catchments of Lakes Saana and Saanalampi in the Kilpisjärvi Area of North Scandinavia
title_full_unstemmed Geochemical Processes Controlling Ionic Composition of Water in the Catchments of Lakes Saana and Saanalampi in the Kilpisjärvi Area of North Scandinavia
title_sort geochemical processes controlling ionic composition of water in the catchments of lakes saana and saanalampi in the kilpisjärvi area of north scandinavia
publisher MDPI AG
publishDate 2019
url https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9040174
https://doaj.org/article/59c6e642bfc64efdbe4b521d66113ca9
long_lat ENVELOPE(20.767,20.767,69.034,69.034)
ENVELOPE(20.859,20.859,69.043,69.043)
geographic Arctic
Kilpisjärvi
Saana
geographic_facet Arctic
Kilpisjärvi
Saana
genre Arctic
Kilpisjärvi
genre_facet Arctic
Kilpisjärvi
op_source Geosciences, Vol 9, Iss 4, p 174 (2019)
op_relation https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3263/9/4/174
https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3263
2076-3263
doi:10.3390/geosciences9040174
https://doaj.org/article/59c6e642bfc64efdbe4b521d66113ca9
op_doi https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9040174
container_title Geosciences
container_volume 9
container_issue 4
container_start_page 174
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