Dynamics of West Nile virus persistence in House Sparrows (Passer domesticus).
West Nile Virus (WNV) is now endemic throughout North America, with annual recurrence dependent upon successful overwintering when cold temperatures drive mosquito vectors into inactivity and halt transmission. To investigate whether avian hosts may serve as an overwintering mechanism, groups of eig...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:598cb23b714442a58d0ef8fd8e6b64e2 2023-05-15T15:09:48+02:00 Dynamics of West Nile virus persistence in House Sparrows (Passer domesticus). Sarah S Wheeler Meighan P Vineyard Leslie W Woods William K Reisen 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001860 https://doaj.org/article/598cb23b714442a58d0ef8fd8e6b64e2 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3464288?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001860 https://doaj.org/article/598cb23b714442a58d0ef8fd8e6b64e2 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 6, Iss 10, p e1860 (2012) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2012 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001860 2022-12-31T03:21:49Z West Nile Virus (WNV) is now endemic throughout North America, with annual recurrence dependent upon successful overwintering when cold temperatures drive mosquito vectors into inactivity and halt transmission. To investigate whether avian hosts may serve as an overwintering mechanism, groups of eight to ten House Sparrows were experimentally infected with a WN02 genotype of WNV and then held until necropsy at 3, 5, 7, 9, 12, 15, or 18 weeks post-infection (pi) when they were assessed for the presence of persistent infection. Blood was collected from all remaining birds every two weeks pi, and sera tested for WNV RNA and WNV neutralizing antibodies. West Nile virus RNA was present in the sera of some birds up to 7 weeks pi and all birds retained neutralizing antibodies throughout the experiment. The detection of persistently infected birds decreased with time, from 100% (n = 13) positive at 3 weeks post-infection (pi) to 12.5% (n = 8) at 18 weeks pi. Infectious virus was isolated from the spleens of birds necropsied at 3, 5, 7 and 12 weeks pi. The current study confirmed previous reports of infectious WNV persistence in avian hosts, and further characterized the temporal nature of these infections. Although these persistent infections supported the hypothesis that infected birds may serve as an overwintering mechanism, mosquito-infectious recrudescent viremias have yet to be demonstrated thereby providing proof of principle. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 6 10 e1860 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Sarah S Wheeler Meighan P Vineyard Leslie W Woods William K Reisen Dynamics of West Nile virus persistence in House Sparrows (Passer domesticus). |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
West Nile Virus (WNV) is now endemic throughout North America, with annual recurrence dependent upon successful overwintering when cold temperatures drive mosquito vectors into inactivity and halt transmission. To investigate whether avian hosts may serve as an overwintering mechanism, groups of eight to ten House Sparrows were experimentally infected with a WN02 genotype of WNV and then held until necropsy at 3, 5, 7, 9, 12, 15, or 18 weeks post-infection (pi) when they were assessed for the presence of persistent infection. Blood was collected from all remaining birds every two weeks pi, and sera tested for WNV RNA and WNV neutralizing antibodies. West Nile virus RNA was present in the sera of some birds up to 7 weeks pi and all birds retained neutralizing antibodies throughout the experiment. The detection of persistently infected birds decreased with time, from 100% (n = 13) positive at 3 weeks post-infection (pi) to 12.5% (n = 8) at 18 weeks pi. Infectious virus was isolated from the spleens of birds necropsied at 3, 5, 7 and 12 weeks pi. The current study confirmed previous reports of infectious WNV persistence in avian hosts, and further characterized the temporal nature of these infections. Although these persistent infections supported the hypothesis that infected birds may serve as an overwintering mechanism, mosquito-infectious recrudescent viremias have yet to be demonstrated thereby providing proof of principle. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Sarah S Wheeler Meighan P Vineyard Leslie W Woods William K Reisen |
author_facet |
Sarah S Wheeler Meighan P Vineyard Leslie W Woods William K Reisen |
author_sort |
Sarah S Wheeler |
title |
Dynamics of West Nile virus persistence in House Sparrows (Passer domesticus). |
title_short |
Dynamics of West Nile virus persistence in House Sparrows (Passer domesticus). |
title_full |
Dynamics of West Nile virus persistence in House Sparrows (Passer domesticus). |
title_fullStr |
Dynamics of West Nile virus persistence in House Sparrows (Passer domesticus). |
title_full_unstemmed |
Dynamics of West Nile virus persistence in House Sparrows (Passer domesticus). |
title_sort |
dynamics of west nile virus persistence in house sparrows (passer domesticus). |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001860 https://doaj.org/article/598cb23b714442a58d0ef8fd8e6b64e2 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 6, Iss 10, p e1860 (2012) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3464288?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001860 https://doaj.org/article/598cb23b714442a58d0ef8fd8e6b64e2 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001860 |
container_title |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
6 |
container_issue |
10 |
container_start_page |
e1860 |
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1766340922823409664 |