Redefining enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC): Genomic characterization of epidemiological EAEC strains.
Although enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) has been implicated as a common cause of diarrhea in multiple settings, neither its essential genomic nature nor its role as an enteric pathogen are fully understood. The current definition of this pathotype requires demonstration of cellular adherence; a wo...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:5856fdf6c24949e0aea1c2a42712b398 2023-05-15T15:16:18+02:00 Redefining enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC): Genomic characterization of epidemiological EAEC strains. Nadia Boisen Mark T Østerlund Katrine G Joensen Araceli E Santiago Inacio Mandomando Alejandro Cravioto Marie A Chattaway Laura A Gonyar Søren Overballe-Petersen O Colin Stine David A Rasko Flemming Scheutz James P Nataro 2020-09-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008613 https://doaj.org/article/5856fdf6c24949e0aea1c2a42712b398 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008613 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008613 https://doaj.org/article/5856fdf6c24949e0aea1c2a42712b398 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 14, Iss 9, p e0008613 (2020) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008613 2022-12-31T07:48:36Z Although enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) has been implicated as a common cause of diarrhea in multiple settings, neither its essential genomic nature nor its role as an enteric pathogen are fully understood. The current definition of this pathotype requires demonstration of cellular adherence; a working molecular definition encompasses E. coli which do not harbor the heat-stable or heat-labile toxins of enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) and harbor the genes aaiC, aggR, and/or aatA. In an effort to improve the definition of this pathotype, we report the most definitive characterization of the pan-genome of EAEC to date, applying comparative genomics and functional characterization on a collection of 97 EAEC strains isolated in the course of a multicenter case-control diarrhea study (Global Enteric Multi-Center Study, GEMS). Genomic analysis revealed that the EAEC strains mapped to all phylogenomic groups of E. coli. Circa 70% of strains harbored one of the five described AAF variants; there were no additional AAF variants identified, and strains that lacked an identifiable AAF generally did not have an otherwise complete AggR regulon. An exception was strains that harbored an ETEC colonization factor (CF) CS22, like AAF a member of the chaperone-usher family of adhesins, but not phylogenetically related to the AAF family. Of all genes scored, sepA yielded the strongest association with diarrhea (P = 0.002) followed by the increased serum survival gene, iss (p = 0.026), and the outer membrane protease gene ompT (p = 0.046). Notably, the EAEC genomes harbored several genes characteristically associated with other E. coli pathotypes. Our data suggest that a molecular definition of EAEC could comprise E. coli strains harboring AggR and a complete AAF(I-V) or CS22 gene cluster. Further, it is possible that strains meeting this definition could be both enteric bacteria and urinary/systemic pathogens. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 14 9 e0008613 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Nadia Boisen Mark T Østerlund Katrine G Joensen Araceli E Santiago Inacio Mandomando Alejandro Cravioto Marie A Chattaway Laura A Gonyar Søren Overballe-Petersen O Colin Stine David A Rasko Flemming Scheutz James P Nataro Redefining enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC): Genomic characterization of epidemiological EAEC strains. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Although enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) has been implicated as a common cause of diarrhea in multiple settings, neither its essential genomic nature nor its role as an enteric pathogen are fully understood. The current definition of this pathotype requires demonstration of cellular adherence; a working molecular definition encompasses E. coli which do not harbor the heat-stable or heat-labile toxins of enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) and harbor the genes aaiC, aggR, and/or aatA. In an effort to improve the definition of this pathotype, we report the most definitive characterization of the pan-genome of EAEC to date, applying comparative genomics and functional characterization on a collection of 97 EAEC strains isolated in the course of a multicenter case-control diarrhea study (Global Enteric Multi-Center Study, GEMS). Genomic analysis revealed that the EAEC strains mapped to all phylogenomic groups of E. coli. Circa 70% of strains harbored one of the five described AAF variants; there were no additional AAF variants identified, and strains that lacked an identifiable AAF generally did not have an otherwise complete AggR regulon. An exception was strains that harbored an ETEC colonization factor (CF) CS22, like AAF a member of the chaperone-usher family of adhesins, but not phylogenetically related to the AAF family. Of all genes scored, sepA yielded the strongest association with diarrhea (P = 0.002) followed by the increased serum survival gene, iss (p = 0.026), and the outer membrane protease gene ompT (p = 0.046). Notably, the EAEC genomes harbored several genes characteristically associated with other E. coli pathotypes. Our data suggest that a molecular definition of EAEC could comprise E. coli strains harboring AggR and a complete AAF(I-V) or CS22 gene cluster. Further, it is possible that strains meeting this definition could be both enteric bacteria and urinary/systemic pathogens. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Nadia Boisen Mark T Østerlund Katrine G Joensen Araceli E Santiago Inacio Mandomando Alejandro Cravioto Marie A Chattaway Laura A Gonyar Søren Overballe-Petersen O Colin Stine David A Rasko Flemming Scheutz James P Nataro |
author_facet |
Nadia Boisen Mark T Østerlund Katrine G Joensen Araceli E Santiago Inacio Mandomando Alejandro Cravioto Marie A Chattaway Laura A Gonyar Søren Overballe-Petersen O Colin Stine David A Rasko Flemming Scheutz James P Nataro |
author_sort |
Nadia Boisen |
title |
Redefining enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC): Genomic characterization of epidemiological EAEC strains. |
title_short |
Redefining enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC): Genomic characterization of epidemiological EAEC strains. |
title_full |
Redefining enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC): Genomic characterization of epidemiological EAEC strains. |
title_fullStr |
Redefining enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC): Genomic characterization of epidemiological EAEC strains. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Redefining enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC): Genomic characterization of epidemiological EAEC strains. |
title_sort |
redefining enteroaggregative escherichia coli (eaec): genomic characterization of epidemiological eaec strains. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008613 https://doaj.org/article/5856fdf6c24949e0aea1c2a42712b398 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 14, Iss 9, p e0008613 (2020) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008613 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008613 https://doaj.org/article/5856fdf6c24949e0aea1c2a42712b398 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008613 |
container_title |
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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14 |
container_issue |
9 |
container_start_page |
e0008613 |
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1766346597321408512 |