Detection of asymptomatic Leishmania infection in blood donors at two blood banks in Ethiopia.
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a disease caused by Leishmania parasites. While predominantly transmitted by sandflies, cases of VL transmitted through blood transfusion have been reported, particularly in immunocompromised recipients. Although Leishmania parasites have been found in blood donors in...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:582a7a6daedf411488c83c3a1c5abab9 2023-05-15T15:18:12+02:00 Detection of asymptomatic Leishmania infection in blood donors at two blood banks in Ethiopia. Rezika Mohammed Roma Melkamu Myrthe Pareyn Said Abdellati Tadfe Bogale Asinakew Engidaw Abiy Kinfu Tibebu Girma Johan van Griensven 2023-03-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011142 https://doaj.org/article/582a7a6daedf411488c83c3a1c5abab9 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011142 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0011142 https://doaj.org/article/582a7a6daedf411488c83c3a1c5abab9 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 17, Iss 3, p e0011142 (2023) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2023 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011142 2023-04-09T00:33:21Z Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a disease caused by Leishmania parasites. While predominantly transmitted by sandflies, cases of VL transmitted through blood transfusion have been reported, particularly in immunocompromised recipients. Although Leishmania parasites have been found in blood donors in some VL endemic areas, this has never been studied in East-Africa, where HIV prevalence is relatively high. We established the prevalence of asymptomatic Leishmania infection and associated socio-demographic factors among blood donors presenting at two blood bank sites (Metema and Gondar) in northwest Ethiopia between June and December 2020. Metema is located in a VL-endemic area; Gondar has historically been considered VL non-endemic but as an outbreak of VL has occurred around Gondar, it was defined as previously VL non-endemic. Blood samples were tested by the rK39 rapid diagnostic test (RDT), rK39 ELISA, direct agglutination test (DAT) and qPCR targeting kinetoplast DNA (kDNA). Asymptomatic infection was defined as positive by any of these tests in a healthy person. A total of 426 voluntary blood donors were included. The median age was 22 years (IQR, 19-28 years); 59% were male and 81% resided in urban areas. Only one participant had a history of VL and three had a family history of VL. Asymptomatic infection was detected in 15.0% (n = 32/213) in Metema and 4.2% (n = 9/213) in Gondar. The rK39 ELISA was positive in 5.4% (n = 23/426), the rK39 RDT in 2.6% (11/426), PCR in 2.6% (11/420) and DAT in 0.5% (2/426). There were six individuals with two positive tests: one positive on rK39 RDT and PCR and five positive on rK39 RDT and ELISA. The prevalence of asymptomatic infection was higher in Metema (VL-endemic) and males but was not associated with age, a history of VL amongst family members or living in a rural area. Antibodies against Leishmania and parasite DNA was detected in a substantial number of blood donors. Future research should be directed at better defining the risk to recipients, including parasite ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 17 3 e0011142 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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English |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Rezika Mohammed Roma Melkamu Myrthe Pareyn Said Abdellati Tadfe Bogale Asinakew Engidaw Abiy Kinfu Tibebu Girma Johan van Griensven Detection of asymptomatic Leishmania infection in blood donors at two blood banks in Ethiopia. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a disease caused by Leishmania parasites. While predominantly transmitted by sandflies, cases of VL transmitted through blood transfusion have been reported, particularly in immunocompromised recipients. Although Leishmania parasites have been found in blood donors in some VL endemic areas, this has never been studied in East-Africa, where HIV prevalence is relatively high. We established the prevalence of asymptomatic Leishmania infection and associated socio-demographic factors among blood donors presenting at two blood bank sites (Metema and Gondar) in northwest Ethiopia between June and December 2020. Metema is located in a VL-endemic area; Gondar has historically been considered VL non-endemic but as an outbreak of VL has occurred around Gondar, it was defined as previously VL non-endemic. Blood samples were tested by the rK39 rapid diagnostic test (RDT), rK39 ELISA, direct agglutination test (DAT) and qPCR targeting kinetoplast DNA (kDNA). Asymptomatic infection was defined as positive by any of these tests in a healthy person. A total of 426 voluntary blood donors were included. The median age was 22 years (IQR, 19-28 years); 59% were male and 81% resided in urban areas. Only one participant had a history of VL and three had a family history of VL. Asymptomatic infection was detected in 15.0% (n = 32/213) in Metema and 4.2% (n = 9/213) in Gondar. The rK39 ELISA was positive in 5.4% (n = 23/426), the rK39 RDT in 2.6% (11/426), PCR in 2.6% (11/420) and DAT in 0.5% (2/426). There were six individuals with two positive tests: one positive on rK39 RDT and PCR and five positive on rK39 RDT and ELISA. The prevalence of asymptomatic infection was higher in Metema (VL-endemic) and males but was not associated with age, a history of VL amongst family members or living in a rural area. Antibodies against Leishmania and parasite DNA was detected in a substantial number of blood donors. Future research should be directed at better defining the risk to recipients, including parasite ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Rezika Mohammed Roma Melkamu Myrthe Pareyn Said Abdellati Tadfe Bogale Asinakew Engidaw Abiy Kinfu Tibebu Girma Johan van Griensven |
author_facet |
Rezika Mohammed Roma Melkamu Myrthe Pareyn Said Abdellati Tadfe Bogale Asinakew Engidaw Abiy Kinfu Tibebu Girma Johan van Griensven |
author_sort |
Rezika Mohammed |
title |
Detection of asymptomatic Leishmania infection in blood donors at two blood banks in Ethiopia. |
title_short |
Detection of asymptomatic Leishmania infection in blood donors at two blood banks in Ethiopia. |
title_full |
Detection of asymptomatic Leishmania infection in blood donors at two blood banks in Ethiopia. |
title_fullStr |
Detection of asymptomatic Leishmania infection in blood donors at two blood banks in Ethiopia. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Detection of asymptomatic Leishmania infection in blood donors at two blood banks in Ethiopia. |
title_sort |
detection of asymptomatic leishmania infection in blood donors at two blood banks in ethiopia. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011142 https://doaj.org/article/582a7a6daedf411488c83c3a1c5abab9 |
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Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 17, Iss 3, p e0011142 (2023) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011142 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0011142 https://doaj.org/article/582a7a6daedf411488c83c3a1c5abab9 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011142 |
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PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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3 |
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e0011142 |
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1766348431631056896 |