The East Greenland rifted volcanic margin

• Main Author: C. Kent Brooks
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland 2011
• Subjects: East Greenland; North Atlantic; rifted volcanic margin; large igneous province; LIP; Palaeogene; basalt; syenite; nephelinite; carbonatite; uplift; Geology; QE1-996.5; Geophysics. Cosmic physics; QC801-809; Greenland; Kangerlussuaq; Sund; Scoresby; Kap; Scoresby Sund; Hold with Hope; Mesters Vig; Gardiner; Iceland; Kap Edvard Holm; Shannon; Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin
• Online Access: https://doaj.org/article/58218c0067504b0d8939676cf4426b37

The Palaeogene North Atlantic Igneous Province is among the largest igneous provinces in the world and this review of the East Greenland sector includes large amounts of information amassed since previous reviews around 1990.The main area of igneous rocks extends from Kangerlussuaq (c. 67°N) to Scoresby Sund (c. 70°N), where basalts extend over c. 65 000 km2, with a second area from Hold with Hope (c. 73°N) to Shannon (c. 75°N). In addition, the Ocean Drilling Project penetrated basalt at five sites off South-East Greenland. Up to 7 km thickness of basaltic lavas have been stratigraphically and chemically described and their ages determined. A wide spectrum of intrusions are clustered around Kangerlussuaq, Kialeeq (c. 66°N) and Mesters Vig (c. 72°N). Layered gabbros are numerous (e.g. the Skaergaard and Kap Edvard Holm intrusions), as are under- and oversaturated syenites, besides small amounts of nephelinite-derived products, such as the Gardiner complex (c. 69°N) with carbonatites and silicate rocks rich in melilite, perovskite etc. Felsic extrusive rocks are sparse. A single, sanidine-bearing tuff found over an extensive area of the North Atlantic is thought to be sourced from the Gardiner complex.The province is famous for its coast-parallel dyke swarm, analogous to the sheeted dyke swarm of ophiolites, its associated coastal flexure, and many other dyke swarms, commonly related to central intrusive complexes as in Iceland. The dyke swarms provide time markers, tracers of magmatic evolution and evidence of extensional events. A set of dykes with harzburgite nodules gives unique insight into the Archaean subcontinental lithosphere.Radiometric dating indicates extrusion of huge volumes of basalt over a short time interval, but the overall life of the province was prolonged, beginning with basaltic magmas at c. 60 Ma and continuing to the quartz porphyry stock at Malmbjerg (c. 72°N) at c. 26 Ma. Indeed, activity was renewed in the Miocene with the emplacement of small volumes of basalts of the Vindtoppen ...