Burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, is rare but ecologically established and widely dispersed in the environment in Puerto Rico.
Background Burkholderia pseudomallei is a soil-dwelling bacterium and the causative agent of melioidosis. The global burden and distribution of melioidosis is poorly understood, including in the Caribbean. B. pseudomallei was previously isolated from humans and soil in eastern Puerto Rico but the ab...
Published in: | PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2019
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007727 https://doaj.org/article/57b935e292be41f8b1e1c94a4e275589 |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:57b935e292be41f8b1e1c94a4e275589 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:57b935e292be41f8b1e1c94a4e275589 2023-05-15T15:14:58+02:00 Burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, is rare but ecologically established and widely dispersed in the environment in Puerto Rico. Carina M Hall Sierra Jaramillo Rebecca Jimenez Nathan E Stone Heather Centner Joseph D Busch Nicole Bratsch Chandler C Roe Jay E Gee Alex R Hoffmaster Sarai Rivera-Garcia Fred Soltero Kyle Ryff Janice Perez-Padilla Paul Keim Jason W Sahl David M Wagner 2019-09-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007727 https://doaj.org/article/57b935e292be41f8b1e1c94a4e275589 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0007727 https://doaj.org/article/57b935e292be41f8b1e1c94a4e275589 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 13, Iss 9, p e0007727 (2019) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007727 2022-12-31T05:51:59Z Background Burkholderia pseudomallei is a soil-dwelling bacterium and the causative agent of melioidosis. The global burden and distribution of melioidosis is poorly understood, including in the Caribbean. B. pseudomallei was previously isolated from humans and soil in eastern Puerto Rico but the abundance and distribution of B. pseudomallei in Puerto Rico as a whole has not been thoroughly investigated. Methodology/principal findings We collected 600 environmental samples (500 soil and 100 water) from 60 sites around Puerto Rico. We identified B. pseudomallei by isolating it via culturing and/or using PCR to detect its DNA within complex DNA extracts. Only three adjacent soil samples from one site were positive for B. pseudomallei with PCR; we obtained 55 isolates from two of these samples. The 55 B. pseudomallei isolates exhibited fine-scale variation in the core genome and contained four novel genomic islands. Phylogenetic analyses grouped Puerto Rico B. pseudomallei isolates into a monophyletic clade containing other Caribbean isolates, which was nested inside a larger clade containing all isolates from Central/South America. Other Burkholderia species were commonly observed in Puerto Rico; we cultured 129 isolates from multiple soil and water samples collected at numerous sites around Puerto Rico, including representatives of B. anthina, B. cenocepacia, B. cepacia, B. contaminans, B. glumae, B. seminalis, B. stagnalis, B. ubonensis, and several unidentified novel Burkholderia spp. Conclusions/significance B. pseudomallei was only detected in three soil samples collected at one site in north central Puerto Rico with only two of those samples yielding isolates. All previous human and environmental B. pseudomallei isolates were obtained from eastern Puerto Rico. These findings suggest B. pseudomallei is ecologically established and widely dispersed in the environment in Puerto Rico but rare. Phylogeographic patterns suggest the source of B. pseudomallei populations in Puerto Rico and elsewhere in the Caribbean ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 13 9 e0007727 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Carina M Hall Sierra Jaramillo Rebecca Jimenez Nathan E Stone Heather Centner Joseph D Busch Nicole Bratsch Chandler C Roe Jay E Gee Alex R Hoffmaster Sarai Rivera-Garcia Fred Soltero Kyle Ryff Janice Perez-Padilla Paul Keim Jason W Sahl David M Wagner Burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, is rare but ecologically established and widely dispersed in the environment in Puerto Rico. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Background Burkholderia pseudomallei is a soil-dwelling bacterium and the causative agent of melioidosis. The global burden and distribution of melioidosis is poorly understood, including in the Caribbean. B. pseudomallei was previously isolated from humans and soil in eastern Puerto Rico but the abundance and distribution of B. pseudomallei in Puerto Rico as a whole has not been thoroughly investigated. Methodology/principal findings We collected 600 environmental samples (500 soil and 100 water) from 60 sites around Puerto Rico. We identified B. pseudomallei by isolating it via culturing and/or using PCR to detect its DNA within complex DNA extracts. Only three adjacent soil samples from one site were positive for B. pseudomallei with PCR; we obtained 55 isolates from two of these samples. The 55 B. pseudomallei isolates exhibited fine-scale variation in the core genome and contained four novel genomic islands. Phylogenetic analyses grouped Puerto Rico B. pseudomallei isolates into a monophyletic clade containing other Caribbean isolates, which was nested inside a larger clade containing all isolates from Central/South America. Other Burkholderia species were commonly observed in Puerto Rico; we cultured 129 isolates from multiple soil and water samples collected at numerous sites around Puerto Rico, including representatives of B. anthina, B. cenocepacia, B. cepacia, B. contaminans, B. glumae, B. seminalis, B. stagnalis, B. ubonensis, and several unidentified novel Burkholderia spp. Conclusions/significance B. pseudomallei was only detected in three soil samples collected at one site in north central Puerto Rico with only two of those samples yielding isolates. All previous human and environmental B. pseudomallei isolates were obtained from eastern Puerto Rico. These findings suggest B. pseudomallei is ecologically established and widely dispersed in the environment in Puerto Rico but rare. Phylogeographic patterns suggest the source of B. pseudomallei populations in Puerto Rico and elsewhere in the Caribbean ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Carina M Hall Sierra Jaramillo Rebecca Jimenez Nathan E Stone Heather Centner Joseph D Busch Nicole Bratsch Chandler C Roe Jay E Gee Alex R Hoffmaster Sarai Rivera-Garcia Fred Soltero Kyle Ryff Janice Perez-Padilla Paul Keim Jason W Sahl David M Wagner |
author_facet |
Carina M Hall Sierra Jaramillo Rebecca Jimenez Nathan E Stone Heather Centner Joseph D Busch Nicole Bratsch Chandler C Roe Jay E Gee Alex R Hoffmaster Sarai Rivera-Garcia Fred Soltero Kyle Ryff Janice Perez-Padilla Paul Keim Jason W Sahl David M Wagner |
author_sort |
Carina M Hall |
title |
Burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, is rare but ecologically established and widely dispersed in the environment in Puerto Rico. |
title_short |
Burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, is rare but ecologically established and widely dispersed in the environment in Puerto Rico. |
title_full |
Burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, is rare but ecologically established and widely dispersed in the environment in Puerto Rico. |
title_fullStr |
Burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, is rare but ecologically established and widely dispersed in the environment in Puerto Rico. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, is rare but ecologically established and widely dispersed in the environment in Puerto Rico. |
title_sort |
burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, is rare but ecologically established and widely dispersed in the environment in puerto rico. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007727 https://doaj.org/article/57b935e292be41f8b1e1c94a4e275589 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 13, Iss 9, p e0007727 (2019) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0007727 https://doaj.org/article/57b935e292be41f8b1e1c94a4e275589 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007727 |
container_title |
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
13 |
container_issue |
9 |
container_start_page |
e0007727 |
_version_ |
1766345354480975872 |