Comparison of UKESM1 and CESM2 simulations using the same multi-target stratospheric aerosol injection strategy
Solar climate intervention using stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) has been proposed as a method which could offset some of the adverse effects of global warming. The Assessing Responses and Impacts of Solar climate intervention on the Earth system with Stratospheric Aerosol Injection (ARISE-SAI...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:56b7b53180fc4105aa79a9e887339498 2023-11-12T04:12:09+01:00 Comparison of UKESM1 and CESM2 simulations using the same multi-target stratospheric aerosol injection strategy M. Henry J. Haywood A. Jones M. Dalvi A. Wells D. Visioni E. M. Bednarz D. G. MacMartin W. Lee M. R. Tye 2023-10-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13369-2023 https://doaj.org/article/56b7b53180fc4105aa79a9e887339498 EN eng Copernicus Publications https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/13369/2023/acp-23-13369-2023.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1680-7316 https://doaj.org/toc/1680-7324 doi:10.5194/acp-23-13369-2023 1680-7316 1680-7324 https://doaj.org/article/56b7b53180fc4105aa79a9e887339498 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol 23, Pp 13369-13385 (2023) Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 article 2023 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13369-2023 2023-10-29T00:41:00Z Solar climate intervention using stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) has been proposed as a method which could offset some of the adverse effects of global warming. The Assessing Responses and Impacts of Solar climate intervention on the Earth system with Stratospheric Aerosol Injection (ARISE-SAI) set of simulations is based on a moderate-greenhouse-gas-emission scenario and employs injection of sulfur dioxide at four off-equatorial locations using a control algorithm which maintains the global-mean surface temperature at 1.5 K above pre-industrial conditions (ARISE-SAI-1.5), as well as the latitudinal gradient and inter-hemispheric difference in surface temperature. This is the first comparison between two models (CESM2 and UKESM1) applying the same multi-target SAI strategy. CESM2 is successful in reaching its temperature targets, but UKESM1 has considerable residual Arctic warming. This occurs because the pattern of temperature change in a climate with SAI is determined by both the structure of the climate forcing (mainly greenhouse gases and stratospheric aerosols) and the climate models' feedbacks, the latter of which favour a strong Arctic amplification of warming in UKESM1. Therefore, research constraining the level of future Arctic warming would also inform any hypothetical SAI deployment strategy which aims to maintain the inter-hemispheric and Equator-to-pole near-surface temperature differences. Furthermore, despite broad agreement in the precipitation response in the extratropics, precipitation changes over tropical land show important inter-model differences, even under greenhouse gas forcing only. In general, this ensemble comparison is the first step in comparing policy-relevant scenarios of SAI and will help in the design of an experimental protocol which both reduces some known negative side effects of SAI and is simple enough to encourage more climate models to participate. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Global warming Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 23 20 13369 13385 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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English |
topic |
Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 |
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Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 M. Henry J. Haywood A. Jones M. Dalvi A. Wells D. Visioni E. M. Bednarz D. G. MacMartin W. Lee M. R. Tye Comparison of UKESM1 and CESM2 simulations using the same multi-target stratospheric aerosol injection strategy |
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Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 |
description |
Solar climate intervention using stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) has been proposed as a method which could offset some of the adverse effects of global warming. The Assessing Responses and Impacts of Solar climate intervention on the Earth system with Stratospheric Aerosol Injection (ARISE-SAI) set of simulations is based on a moderate-greenhouse-gas-emission scenario and employs injection of sulfur dioxide at four off-equatorial locations using a control algorithm which maintains the global-mean surface temperature at 1.5 K above pre-industrial conditions (ARISE-SAI-1.5), as well as the latitudinal gradient and inter-hemispheric difference in surface temperature. This is the first comparison between two models (CESM2 and UKESM1) applying the same multi-target SAI strategy. CESM2 is successful in reaching its temperature targets, but UKESM1 has considerable residual Arctic warming. This occurs because the pattern of temperature change in a climate with SAI is determined by both the structure of the climate forcing (mainly greenhouse gases and stratospheric aerosols) and the climate models' feedbacks, the latter of which favour a strong Arctic amplification of warming in UKESM1. Therefore, research constraining the level of future Arctic warming would also inform any hypothetical SAI deployment strategy which aims to maintain the inter-hemispheric and Equator-to-pole near-surface temperature differences. Furthermore, despite broad agreement in the precipitation response in the extratropics, precipitation changes over tropical land show important inter-model differences, even under greenhouse gas forcing only. In general, this ensemble comparison is the first step in comparing policy-relevant scenarios of SAI and will help in the design of an experimental protocol which both reduces some known negative side effects of SAI and is simple enough to encourage more climate models to participate. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
M. Henry J. Haywood A. Jones M. Dalvi A. Wells D. Visioni E. M. Bednarz D. G. MacMartin W. Lee M. R. Tye |
author_facet |
M. Henry J. Haywood A. Jones M. Dalvi A. Wells D. Visioni E. M. Bednarz D. G. MacMartin W. Lee M. R. Tye |
author_sort |
M. Henry |
title |
Comparison of UKESM1 and CESM2 simulations using the same multi-target stratospheric aerosol injection strategy |
title_short |
Comparison of UKESM1 and CESM2 simulations using the same multi-target stratospheric aerosol injection strategy |
title_full |
Comparison of UKESM1 and CESM2 simulations using the same multi-target stratospheric aerosol injection strategy |
title_fullStr |
Comparison of UKESM1 and CESM2 simulations using the same multi-target stratospheric aerosol injection strategy |
title_full_unstemmed |
Comparison of UKESM1 and CESM2 simulations using the same multi-target stratospheric aerosol injection strategy |
title_sort |
comparison of ukesm1 and cesm2 simulations using the same multi-target stratospheric aerosol injection strategy |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13369-2023 https://doaj.org/article/56b7b53180fc4105aa79a9e887339498 |
genre |
Arctic Global warming |
genre_facet |
Arctic Global warming |
op_source |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol 23, Pp 13369-13385 (2023) |
op_relation |
https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/13369/2023/acp-23-13369-2023.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1680-7316 https://doaj.org/toc/1680-7324 doi:10.5194/acp-23-13369-2023 1680-7316 1680-7324 https://doaj.org/article/56b7b53180fc4105aa79a9e887339498 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13369-2023 |
container_title |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
container_volume |
23 |
container_issue |
20 |
container_start_page |
13369 |
op_container_end_page |
13385 |
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1782330848570245120 |