Singing Fin Whale Swimming Behavior in the Central North Pacific
Male fin whales sing using 20 Hz pulses produced in regular patterns of inter-note intervals, but little is known about fin whale swimming behavior while they are singing. Even less is known about fin whales in Hawaiian waters because they have rarely been sighted during surveys and passive acoustic...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.696002 https://doaj.org/article/56b6f9c67e8540a9a59bc2acaca94ebe |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:56b6f9c67e8540a9a59bc2acaca94ebe 2023-05-15T15:36:43+02:00 Singing Fin Whale Swimming Behavior in the Central North Pacific Regina A. Guazzo Ian N. Durbach Tyler A. Helble Gabriela C. Alongi Cameron R. Martin Stephen W. Martin E. Elizabeth Henderson 2021-09-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.696002 https://doaj.org/article/56b6f9c67e8540a9a59bc2acaca94ebe EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.696002/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.696002 https://doaj.org/article/56b6f9c67e8540a9a59bc2acaca94ebe Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 8 (2021) fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus) kinematics swimming speed inter-note interval passive acoustic monitoring song (or singing) Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.696002 2022-12-31T07:16:11Z Male fin whales sing using 20 Hz pulses produced in regular patterns of inter-note intervals, but little is known about fin whale swimming behavior while they are singing. Even less is known about fin whales in Hawaiian waters because they have rarely been sighted during surveys and passive acoustic monitoring has been limited to sparse hydrophone systems that do not have localization capabilities. We hypothesized that fin whale kinematics may be related to their singing behavior, or external variables such as time and sea state. To investigate this hypothesis, we analyzed 115 tracks containing 50,034 unique notes generated from passive acoustic recordings on an array of 14 hydrophones from 2011 to 2017 at the U.S. Navy Pacific Missile Range Facility off Kauai, Hawaii. Fin whales swam at an average speed of 1.1 m/s over relatively direct paths. We incorporated the whales' speed and turning angle into hidden Markov models to identify different behavioral states based on the whales' movements. We found that fin whale kinematic behavioral state was related to the vocalization rate (also known as cue rate) and time of day. When cue rate was higher, fin whales were more likely to swim slower and turn more than when cue rate was lower. During the night, fin whales were also more likely to swim slower and turn more than during the day. In addition, we examined whether the presence of singing fin whales was related to time and sea state using generalized additive models. Fin whale track presence was affected by day of the year and song season, and possibly also wind speed and wave height. Although the track kinematics from the fin whale tracks presented here are limited to a subset of whales that are acoustically active, they provide some of the only detailed movements of fin whales in the region and can be compared against fin whale swim speeds in other regions. Understanding how fin whale swimming behavior varies based on their vocalization patterns, time, and environmental factors will help us to contextualize ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Balaenoptera physalus Fin whale Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Pacific Frontiers in Marine Science 8 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus) kinematics swimming speed inter-note interval passive acoustic monitoring song (or singing) Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
spellingShingle |
fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus) kinematics swimming speed inter-note interval passive acoustic monitoring song (or singing) Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 Regina A. Guazzo Ian N. Durbach Tyler A. Helble Gabriela C. Alongi Cameron R. Martin Stephen W. Martin E. Elizabeth Henderson Singing Fin Whale Swimming Behavior in the Central North Pacific |
topic_facet |
fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus) kinematics swimming speed inter-note interval passive acoustic monitoring song (or singing) Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
description |
Male fin whales sing using 20 Hz pulses produced in regular patterns of inter-note intervals, but little is known about fin whale swimming behavior while they are singing. Even less is known about fin whales in Hawaiian waters because they have rarely been sighted during surveys and passive acoustic monitoring has been limited to sparse hydrophone systems that do not have localization capabilities. We hypothesized that fin whale kinematics may be related to their singing behavior, or external variables such as time and sea state. To investigate this hypothesis, we analyzed 115 tracks containing 50,034 unique notes generated from passive acoustic recordings on an array of 14 hydrophones from 2011 to 2017 at the U.S. Navy Pacific Missile Range Facility off Kauai, Hawaii. Fin whales swam at an average speed of 1.1 m/s over relatively direct paths. We incorporated the whales' speed and turning angle into hidden Markov models to identify different behavioral states based on the whales' movements. We found that fin whale kinematic behavioral state was related to the vocalization rate (also known as cue rate) and time of day. When cue rate was higher, fin whales were more likely to swim slower and turn more than when cue rate was lower. During the night, fin whales were also more likely to swim slower and turn more than during the day. In addition, we examined whether the presence of singing fin whales was related to time and sea state using generalized additive models. Fin whale track presence was affected by day of the year and song season, and possibly also wind speed and wave height. Although the track kinematics from the fin whale tracks presented here are limited to a subset of whales that are acoustically active, they provide some of the only detailed movements of fin whales in the region and can be compared against fin whale swim speeds in other regions. Understanding how fin whale swimming behavior varies based on their vocalization patterns, time, and environmental factors will help us to contextualize ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Regina A. Guazzo Ian N. Durbach Tyler A. Helble Gabriela C. Alongi Cameron R. Martin Stephen W. Martin E. Elizabeth Henderson |
author_facet |
Regina A. Guazzo Ian N. Durbach Tyler A. Helble Gabriela C. Alongi Cameron R. Martin Stephen W. Martin E. Elizabeth Henderson |
author_sort |
Regina A. Guazzo |
title |
Singing Fin Whale Swimming Behavior in the Central North Pacific |
title_short |
Singing Fin Whale Swimming Behavior in the Central North Pacific |
title_full |
Singing Fin Whale Swimming Behavior in the Central North Pacific |
title_fullStr |
Singing Fin Whale Swimming Behavior in the Central North Pacific |
title_full_unstemmed |
Singing Fin Whale Swimming Behavior in the Central North Pacific |
title_sort |
singing fin whale swimming behavior in the central north pacific |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.696002 https://doaj.org/article/56b6f9c67e8540a9a59bc2acaca94ebe |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
Balaenoptera physalus Fin whale |
genre_facet |
Balaenoptera physalus Fin whale |
op_source |
Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 8 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.696002/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.696002 https://doaj.org/article/56b6f9c67e8540a9a59bc2acaca94ebe |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.696002 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
8 |
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1766367082663903232 |