A review of immunization legislation for children in English- and Dutch-speaking Caribbean countries
Objective. To assess the legislative frameworks concerning childhood vaccination in the English- and Dutch-speaking Caribbean and propose a model legislative framework for Caribbean countries. Methods. This study included a survey of 22 countries and territories in the Caribbean regarding legal vacc...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:56b1dc4a87894dd5b1957982b2fd2ca1 2023-05-15T15:10:33+02:00 A review of immunization legislation for children in English- and Dutch-speaking Caribbean countries Tracy Evans-Gilbert Karen N. Lewis-Bell Beryl Irons Philippe Duclos Gabriel Gonzalez-Escobar Elizabeth Ferdinand J. Peter Figueroa on behalf of the Caribbean Immunization Technical Advisory Group 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.26633/RPSP.2023.19 https://doaj.org/article/56b1dc4a87894dd5b1957982b2fd2ca1 EN ES PT eng spa por Pan American Health Organization https://iris.paho.org/handle/10665.2/56994 https://doaj.org/toc/1020-4989 https://doaj.org/toc/1680-5348 1020-4989 1680-5348 doi:10.26633/RPSP.2023.19 https://doaj.org/article/56b1dc4a87894dd5b1957982b2fd2ca1 Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública, Vol 47, Iss 19, Pp 1-10 (2023) immunization legislation evidence-informed policy decision making health policy pediatrics caribbean region Medicine R Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2023 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.26633/RPSP.2023.19 2023-01-22T01:36:40Z Objective. To assess the legislative frameworks concerning childhood vaccination in the English- and Dutch-speaking Caribbean and propose a model legislative framework for Caribbean countries. Methods. This study included a survey of 22 countries and territories in the Caribbean regarding legal vaccination mandates for school entry, budget allocations, sanctions, or exemptions. A legal consultant conducted a comprehensive search and analysis of legislation regarding vaccination among 13 Caribbean countries/territories. A comparative analysis of the legislation under five themes—legislative structure, mandatory vaccination, national immunization schedule, sanctions, and exemptions—formed the basis for the proposed model legislation. Results. Among the 22 Caribbean countries/territories, 17 (77%) had legislation mandating vaccination, 16 (94%) mandated vaccination for school entry, 8 (47%) had a dedicated budget for immunization programs, and 13 (76%) had no legislated national schedules. The source of legislation includes six (35%) using the Education Act, eight (47%) the Public Health Act, and five (29%) a free-standing Vaccination Act. Three countries/territories—Jamaica, Montserrat, and Saint Lucia—had immunization regulations. In 12 (71%) of the 17 countries with legislation, sanctions were included, and 10 (59%) permitted exemptions for medical or religious/philosophical beliefs. Conclusions. Several countries in the Caribbean have made failure to vaccinate a child an offense. By summarizing the existing legislative frameworks and approaches to immunization in the Caribbean, the analysis guides policymakers in making effective changes to immunization legislation in their own countries. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública 47 1 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English Spanish Portuguese |
topic |
immunization legislation evidence-informed policy decision making health policy pediatrics caribbean region Medicine R Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
immunization legislation evidence-informed policy decision making health policy pediatrics caribbean region Medicine R Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Tracy Evans-Gilbert Karen N. Lewis-Bell Beryl Irons Philippe Duclos Gabriel Gonzalez-Escobar Elizabeth Ferdinand J. Peter Figueroa on behalf of the Caribbean Immunization Technical Advisory Group A review of immunization legislation for children in English- and Dutch-speaking Caribbean countries |
topic_facet |
immunization legislation evidence-informed policy decision making health policy pediatrics caribbean region Medicine R Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Objective. To assess the legislative frameworks concerning childhood vaccination in the English- and Dutch-speaking Caribbean and propose a model legislative framework for Caribbean countries. Methods. This study included a survey of 22 countries and territories in the Caribbean regarding legal vaccination mandates for school entry, budget allocations, sanctions, or exemptions. A legal consultant conducted a comprehensive search and analysis of legislation regarding vaccination among 13 Caribbean countries/territories. A comparative analysis of the legislation under five themes—legislative structure, mandatory vaccination, national immunization schedule, sanctions, and exemptions—formed the basis for the proposed model legislation. Results. Among the 22 Caribbean countries/territories, 17 (77%) had legislation mandating vaccination, 16 (94%) mandated vaccination for school entry, 8 (47%) had a dedicated budget for immunization programs, and 13 (76%) had no legislated national schedules. The source of legislation includes six (35%) using the Education Act, eight (47%) the Public Health Act, and five (29%) a free-standing Vaccination Act. Three countries/territories—Jamaica, Montserrat, and Saint Lucia—had immunization regulations. In 12 (71%) of the 17 countries with legislation, sanctions were included, and 10 (59%) permitted exemptions for medical or religious/philosophical beliefs. Conclusions. Several countries in the Caribbean have made failure to vaccinate a child an offense. By summarizing the existing legislative frameworks and approaches to immunization in the Caribbean, the analysis guides policymakers in making effective changes to immunization legislation in their own countries. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Tracy Evans-Gilbert Karen N. Lewis-Bell Beryl Irons Philippe Duclos Gabriel Gonzalez-Escobar Elizabeth Ferdinand J. Peter Figueroa on behalf of the Caribbean Immunization Technical Advisory Group |
author_facet |
Tracy Evans-Gilbert Karen N. Lewis-Bell Beryl Irons Philippe Duclos Gabriel Gonzalez-Escobar Elizabeth Ferdinand J. Peter Figueroa on behalf of the Caribbean Immunization Technical Advisory Group |
author_sort |
Tracy Evans-Gilbert |
title |
A review of immunization legislation for children in English- and Dutch-speaking Caribbean countries |
title_short |
A review of immunization legislation for children in English- and Dutch-speaking Caribbean countries |
title_full |
A review of immunization legislation for children in English- and Dutch-speaking Caribbean countries |
title_fullStr |
A review of immunization legislation for children in English- and Dutch-speaking Caribbean countries |
title_full_unstemmed |
A review of immunization legislation for children in English- and Dutch-speaking Caribbean countries |
title_sort |
review of immunization legislation for children in english- and dutch-speaking caribbean countries |
publisher |
Pan American Health Organization |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.26633/RPSP.2023.19 https://doaj.org/article/56b1dc4a87894dd5b1957982b2fd2ca1 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública, Vol 47, Iss 19, Pp 1-10 (2023) |
op_relation |
https://iris.paho.org/handle/10665.2/56994 https://doaj.org/toc/1020-4989 https://doaj.org/toc/1680-5348 1020-4989 1680-5348 doi:10.26633/RPSP.2023.19 https://doaj.org/article/56b1dc4a87894dd5b1957982b2fd2ca1 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.26633/RPSP.2023.19 |
container_title |
Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública |
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47 |
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1 |
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