Geographical and seasonal variations of gravity wave activities in the upper mesosphere measured by space-borne imaging of molecular oxygen nightglow
Abstract Geographical and seasonal variations of gravity wave events in the upper mesosphere were investigated using the nightglow imaging data obtained by the Visible and near-Infrared Spectral Imager (VISI) on the Ionosphere, Mesosphere, upper Atmosphere and Plasmasphere (IMAP) onboard the Interna...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:56778d6b80c442469c7812c807bce122 2024-09-09T20:04:22+00:00 Geographical and seasonal variations of gravity wave activities in the upper mesosphere measured by space-borne imaging of molecular oxygen nightglow Yuta Hozumi Akinori Saito Takeshi Sakanoi Jia Yue Atsushi Yamazaki Hanli Liu 2024-05-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-024-01993-x https://doaj.org/article/56778d6b80c442469c7812c807bce122 EN eng SpringerOpen https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-024-01993-x https://doaj.org/toc/1880-5981 doi:10.1186/s40623-024-01993-x 1880-5981 https://doaj.org/article/56778d6b80c442469c7812c807bce122 Earth, Planets and Space, Vol 76, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2024) Mesospheric gravity waves Gravity wave climatology Nadir-viewing airglow observation Geography. Anthropology. Recreation G Geodesy QB275-343 Geology QE1-996.5 article 2024 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-024-01993-x 2024-08-05T17:49:24Z Abstract Geographical and seasonal variations of gravity wave events in the upper mesosphere were investigated using the nightglow imaging data obtained by the Visible and near-Infrared Spectral Imager (VISI) on the Ionosphere, Mesosphere, upper Atmosphere and Plasmasphere (IMAP) onboard the International Space Station (ISS). The nadir-imaging data of the O2(0–0) atmospheric band (762 nm) with the typical emission peak around 95 km altitude was used to investigate small-scale waves (horizontal wavelengths less than ~ 200 km) on a global scale. To detect gravity wave events, the variance of high-pass filtered nightglow images within a local 100 km radius was evaluated, with a threshold set at three times the standard deviation from the average variance of the background level. A data screening algorithm that evaluates the variance of upwelling contamination light emission was also introduced to remove contaminated data. Applying the variance filter and data screening algorithm to a nearly 3-year data set, from November 2012 to August 2015, occurrence maps of wave events for four seasons were derived. The occurrence maps show a higher frequency of wave events in winter high latitudes (> 40° N/S), considerably attributed to gravity wave activity associated with the polar night jet. Hot spots were observed near orographic sources in winter high latitudes, including the eastern part of North America, Europe, and the southern Andes. In the summer hemisphere, hot spots were detected at mid-to-high latitudes such as North America, Europe, and the eastern side of the Eurasian continent, and at equatorial latitudes just above the intertropical convection zone (ITCZ). They are likely gravity waves from deep convection that arise from mid-latitude summertime thunderstorms and the ITCZ, respectively. During the equinox seasons, hot spots were detected near convective sources such as the Amazon Rainforest, Congo Rainforest, and the Indochina peninsula. Graphical Abstract Article in Journal/Newspaper polar night Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Earth, Planets and Space 76 1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Mesospheric gravity waves Gravity wave climatology Nadir-viewing airglow observation Geography. Anthropology. Recreation G Geodesy QB275-343 Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Mesospheric gravity waves Gravity wave climatology Nadir-viewing airglow observation Geography. Anthropology. Recreation G Geodesy QB275-343 Geology QE1-996.5 Yuta Hozumi Akinori Saito Takeshi Sakanoi Jia Yue Atsushi Yamazaki Hanli Liu Geographical and seasonal variations of gravity wave activities in the upper mesosphere measured by space-borne imaging of molecular oxygen nightglow |
topic_facet |
Mesospheric gravity waves Gravity wave climatology Nadir-viewing airglow observation Geography. Anthropology. Recreation G Geodesy QB275-343 Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
Abstract Geographical and seasonal variations of gravity wave events in the upper mesosphere were investigated using the nightglow imaging data obtained by the Visible and near-Infrared Spectral Imager (VISI) on the Ionosphere, Mesosphere, upper Atmosphere and Plasmasphere (IMAP) onboard the International Space Station (ISS). The nadir-imaging data of the O2(0–0) atmospheric band (762 nm) with the typical emission peak around 95 km altitude was used to investigate small-scale waves (horizontal wavelengths less than ~ 200 km) on a global scale. To detect gravity wave events, the variance of high-pass filtered nightglow images within a local 100 km radius was evaluated, with a threshold set at three times the standard deviation from the average variance of the background level. A data screening algorithm that evaluates the variance of upwelling contamination light emission was also introduced to remove contaminated data. Applying the variance filter and data screening algorithm to a nearly 3-year data set, from November 2012 to August 2015, occurrence maps of wave events for four seasons were derived. The occurrence maps show a higher frequency of wave events in winter high latitudes (> 40° N/S), considerably attributed to gravity wave activity associated with the polar night jet. Hot spots were observed near orographic sources in winter high latitudes, including the eastern part of North America, Europe, and the southern Andes. In the summer hemisphere, hot spots were detected at mid-to-high latitudes such as North America, Europe, and the eastern side of the Eurasian continent, and at equatorial latitudes just above the intertropical convection zone (ITCZ). They are likely gravity waves from deep convection that arise from mid-latitude summertime thunderstorms and the ITCZ, respectively. During the equinox seasons, hot spots were detected near convective sources such as the Amazon Rainforest, Congo Rainforest, and the Indochina peninsula. Graphical Abstract |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Yuta Hozumi Akinori Saito Takeshi Sakanoi Jia Yue Atsushi Yamazaki Hanli Liu |
author_facet |
Yuta Hozumi Akinori Saito Takeshi Sakanoi Jia Yue Atsushi Yamazaki Hanli Liu |
author_sort |
Yuta Hozumi |
title |
Geographical and seasonal variations of gravity wave activities in the upper mesosphere measured by space-borne imaging of molecular oxygen nightglow |
title_short |
Geographical and seasonal variations of gravity wave activities in the upper mesosphere measured by space-borne imaging of molecular oxygen nightglow |
title_full |
Geographical and seasonal variations of gravity wave activities in the upper mesosphere measured by space-borne imaging of molecular oxygen nightglow |
title_fullStr |
Geographical and seasonal variations of gravity wave activities in the upper mesosphere measured by space-borne imaging of molecular oxygen nightglow |
title_full_unstemmed |
Geographical and seasonal variations of gravity wave activities in the upper mesosphere measured by space-borne imaging of molecular oxygen nightglow |
title_sort |
geographical and seasonal variations of gravity wave activities in the upper mesosphere measured by space-borne imaging of molecular oxygen nightglow |
publisher |
SpringerOpen |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-024-01993-x https://doaj.org/article/56778d6b80c442469c7812c807bce122 |
genre |
polar night |
genre_facet |
polar night |
op_source |
Earth, Planets and Space, Vol 76, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2024) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-024-01993-x https://doaj.org/toc/1880-5981 doi:10.1186/s40623-024-01993-x 1880-5981 https://doaj.org/article/56778d6b80c442469c7812c807bce122 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-024-01993-x |
container_title |
Earth, Planets and Space |
container_volume |
76 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1809936454026002432 |