The combined effects of acidification and acute warming on the embryos of Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii)
Anthropogenic climate change is projected to affect marine ecosystems by challenging the environmental tolerance of individuals. Marine fishes may be particularly vulnerable to emergent climate stressors during early life stages. Here we focus on embryos of Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii), an impo...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1307617 https://doaj.org/article/566bd2fe64c048caa1d4669d74348d0a |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:566bd2fe64c048caa1d4669d74348d0a 2024-01-21T10:09:19+01:00 The combined effects of acidification and acute warming on the embryos of Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii) Nicole R. Singh Brooke Love Christopher S. Murray Kathryn L. Sobocinski W. James Cooper 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1307617 https://doaj.org/article/566bd2fe64c048caa1d4669d74348d0a EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2023.1307617/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2023.1307617 https://doaj.org/article/566bd2fe64c048caa1d4669d74348d0a Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 10 (2023) Pacific herring ocean acidification temperature rise climate change critical thermal limits oxygen consumption rates Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 article 2023 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1307617 2023-12-24T01:46:50Z Anthropogenic climate change is projected to affect marine ecosystems by challenging the environmental tolerance of individuals. Marine fishes may be particularly vulnerable to emergent climate stressors during early life stages. Here we focus on embryos of Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii), an important forage fish species widely distributed across the North Pacific. Embryos were reared under a range of temperatures (10-16°C) crossed with two pCO2 levels (600 and 2000 μatm) to investigate effects on metabolism and survival. We further tested how elevated pCO2 affects critical thermal tolerance (CTmax) by challenging embryos to short-term temperature fluctuations. Experiments were repeated on embryos collected from winter and spring spawning populations to determine if spawning phenology corresponds with different limits of environmental tolerance in offspring. We found that embryos could withstand acute exposure to 20°C regardless of spawning population or incubation treatment, but that survival was greatly reduced after 2-3 hours at 25°C. We found that pCO2 had limited effects on CTmax. The survival of embryos reared under chronically warm conditions (12°, 14°, or 16°C) was significantly lower relative to 10°C treatments in both populations. Oxygen consumption rates (MO2) were also higher at elevated temperatures and pCO2 levels. However, heart contraction measurements made 48 hours after CTmax exposure revealed a greater increase in heart rate in embryos reared at 10°C compared to 16°C, suggesting acclimation at higher incubation temperatures. Our results indicate that Pacific herring are generally tolerant of pCO2 but are vulnerable to acute temperature stress. Importantly, spring-spawning embryos did not clearly exhibit a higher tolerance to heat stress compared to winter offspring. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ocean acidification Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Pacific Frontiers in Marine Science 10 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Pacific herring ocean acidification temperature rise climate change critical thermal limits oxygen consumption rates Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
spellingShingle |
Pacific herring ocean acidification temperature rise climate change critical thermal limits oxygen consumption rates Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 Nicole R. Singh Brooke Love Christopher S. Murray Kathryn L. Sobocinski W. James Cooper The combined effects of acidification and acute warming on the embryos of Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii) |
topic_facet |
Pacific herring ocean acidification temperature rise climate change critical thermal limits oxygen consumption rates Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
description |
Anthropogenic climate change is projected to affect marine ecosystems by challenging the environmental tolerance of individuals. Marine fishes may be particularly vulnerable to emergent climate stressors during early life stages. Here we focus on embryos of Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii), an important forage fish species widely distributed across the North Pacific. Embryos were reared under a range of temperatures (10-16°C) crossed with two pCO2 levels (600 and 2000 μatm) to investigate effects on metabolism and survival. We further tested how elevated pCO2 affects critical thermal tolerance (CTmax) by challenging embryos to short-term temperature fluctuations. Experiments were repeated on embryos collected from winter and spring spawning populations to determine if spawning phenology corresponds with different limits of environmental tolerance in offspring. We found that embryos could withstand acute exposure to 20°C regardless of spawning population or incubation treatment, but that survival was greatly reduced after 2-3 hours at 25°C. We found that pCO2 had limited effects on CTmax. The survival of embryos reared under chronically warm conditions (12°, 14°, or 16°C) was significantly lower relative to 10°C treatments in both populations. Oxygen consumption rates (MO2) were also higher at elevated temperatures and pCO2 levels. However, heart contraction measurements made 48 hours after CTmax exposure revealed a greater increase in heart rate in embryos reared at 10°C compared to 16°C, suggesting acclimation at higher incubation temperatures. Our results indicate that Pacific herring are generally tolerant of pCO2 but are vulnerable to acute temperature stress. Importantly, spring-spawning embryos did not clearly exhibit a higher tolerance to heat stress compared to winter offspring. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Nicole R. Singh Brooke Love Christopher S. Murray Kathryn L. Sobocinski W. James Cooper |
author_facet |
Nicole R. Singh Brooke Love Christopher S. Murray Kathryn L. Sobocinski W. James Cooper |
author_sort |
Nicole R. Singh |
title |
The combined effects of acidification and acute warming on the embryos of Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii) |
title_short |
The combined effects of acidification and acute warming on the embryos of Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii) |
title_full |
The combined effects of acidification and acute warming on the embryos of Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii) |
title_fullStr |
The combined effects of acidification and acute warming on the embryos of Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii) |
title_full_unstemmed |
The combined effects of acidification and acute warming on the embryos of Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii) |
title_sort |
combined effects of acidification and acute warming on the embryos of pacific herring (clupea pallasii) |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1307617 https://doaj.org/article/566bd2fe64c048caa1d4669d74348d0a |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_source |
Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 10 (2023) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2023.1307617/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2023.1307617 https://doaj.org/article/566bd2fe64c048caa1d4669d74348d0a |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1307617 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
10 |
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1788700298299047936 |