The Role of Mean Sea Level Annual Cycle on Extreme Water Levels Along European Coastline
The knowledge of extreme total water levels (ETWLs) and the derived impact, coastal flooding and erosion, is crucial to face the present and future challenges exacerbated in European densely populated coastal areas. Based on 24 years (1993–2016) of multimission radar altimetry, this paper investigat...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:556bc51c718a4ea9a2cd819f9729d811 2023-05-15T17:35:08+02:00 The Role of Mean Sea Level Annual Cycle on Extreme Water Levels Along European Coastline Tomás Fernández-Montblanc Jesús Gómez-Enri Paolo Ciavola 2020-10-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12203419 https://doaj.org/article/556bc51c718a4ea9a2cd819f9729d811 EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/20/3419 https://doaj.org/toc/2072-4292 doi:10.3390/rs12203419 2072-4292 https://doaj.org/article/556bc51c718a4ea9a2cd819f9729d811 Remote Sensing, Vol 12, Iss 3419, p 3419 (2020) storm surge coastal flooding marine storms natural hazards steric-effect satellite altimetry Science Q article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12203419 2022-12-31T00:56:48Z The knowledge of extreme total water levels (ETWLs) and the derived impact, coastal flooding and erosion, is crucial to face the present and future challenges exacerbated in European densely populated coastal areas. Based on 24 years (1993–2016) of multimission radar altimetry, this paper investigates the contribution of each water level component: tide, surge and annual cycle of monthly mean sea level (MMSL) to the ETWLs. It focuses on the contribution of the annual variation of MMSL in the coastal flooding extreme events registered in a European database. In microtidal areas (Black, Baltic and Mediterranean Sea), the MMSL contribution is mostly larger than tide, and it can be at the same order of magnitude of the surge. In meso and macrotidal areas, the MMSL contribution is <20% of the total water level, but larger (>30%) in the North Sea. No correlation was observed between the average annual cycle of monthly mean sea level (AMMSL) and coastal flooding extreme events (CFEEs) along the European coastal line. Positive correlations of the component variance of MMSL with the relative frequency of CFEEs extend to the Central Mediterranean (r = 0.59), North Sea (r = 0.60) and Baltic Sea (r = 0.75). In the case of positive MMSL anomalies, the correlation expands to the Bay of Biscay and northern North Atlantic (at >90% of statistical significance). The understanding of the spatial and temporal patterns of a combination of all the components of the ETWLs shall improve the preparedness and coastal adaptation measures to reduce the impact of coastal flooding. Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Remote Sensing 12 20 3419 |
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Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
storm surge coastal flooding marine storms natural hazards steric-effect satellite altimetry Science Q |
spellingShingle |
storm surge coastal flooding marine storms natural hazards steric-effect satellite altimetry Science Q Tomás Fernández-Montblanc Jesús Gómez-Enri Paolo Ciavola The Role of Mean Sea Level Annual Cycle on Extreme Water Levels Along European Coastline |
topic_facet |
storm surge coastal flooding marine storms natural hazards steric-effect satellite altimetry Science Q |
description |
The knowledge of extreme total water levels (ETWLs) and the derived impact, coastal flooding and erosion, is crucial to face the present and future challenges exacerbated in European densely populated coastal areas. Based on 24 years (1993–2016) of multimission radar altimetry, this paper investigates the contribution of each water level component: tide, surge and annual cycle of monthly mean sea level (MMSL) to the ETWLs. It focuses on the contribution of the annual variation of MMSL in the coastal flooding extreme events registered in a European database. In microtidal areas (Black, Baltic and Mediterranean Sea), the MMSL contribution is mostly larger than tide, and it can be at the same order of magnitude of the surge. In meso and macrotidal areas, the MMSL contribution is <20% of the total water level, but larger (>30%) in the North Sea. No correlation was observed between the average annual cycle of monthly mean sea level (AMMSL) and coastal flooding extreme events (CFEEs) along the European coastal line. Positive correlations of the component variance of MMSL with the relative frequency of CFEEs extend to the Central Mediterranean (r = 0.59), North Sea (r = 0.60) and Baltic Sea (r = 0.75). In the case of positive MMSL anomalies, the correlation expands to the Bay of Biscay and northern North Atlantic (at >90% of statistical significance). The understanding of the spatial and temporal patterns of a combination of all the components of the ETWLs shall improve the preparedness and coastal adaptation measures to reduce the impact of coastal flooding. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Tomás Fernández-Montblanc Jesús Gómez-Enri Paolo Ciavola |
author_facet |
Tomás Fernández-Montblanc Jesús Gómez-Enri Paolo Ciavola |
author_sort |
Tomás Fernández-Montblanc |
title |
The Role of Mean Sea Level Annual Cycle on Extreme Water Levels Along European Coastline |
title_short |
The Role of Mean Sea Level Annual Cycle on Extreme Water Levels Along European Coastline |
title_full |
The Role of Mean Sea Level Annual Cycle on Extreme Water Levels Along European Coastline |
title_fullStr |
The Role of Mean Sea Level Annual Cycle on Extreme Water Levels Along European Coastline |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Role of Mean Sea Level Annual Cycle on Extreme Water Levels Along European Coastline |
title_sort |
role of mean sea level annual cycle on extreme water levels along european coastline |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12203419 https://doaj.org/article/556bc51c718a4ea9a2cd819f9729d811 |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_source |
Remote Sensing, Vol 12, Iss 3419, p 3419 (2020) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/20/3419 https://doaj.org/toc/2072-4292 doi:10.3390/rs12203419 2072-4292 https://doaj.org/article/556bc51c718a4ea9a2cd819f9729d811 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12203419 |
container_title |
Remote Sensing |
container_volume |
12 |
container_issue |
20 |
container_start_page |
3419 |
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1766134199526359040 |