Relative risk of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil: a spatial analysis in urban area.
BACKGROUND: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a vector-borne disease whose factors involved in transmission are poorly understood, especially in more urban and densely populated counties. In Brazil, the VL urbanization is a challenge for the control program. The goals were to identify the greater risk...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:5488702fc7344734b227cecc5e039244 2023-05-15T15:16:47+02:00 Relative risk of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil: a spatial analysis in urban area. Valdelaine Etelvina Miranda de Araújo Letícia Cavalari Pinheiro Maria Cristina de Mattos Almeida Fernanda Carvalho de Menezes Maria Helena Franco Morais Ilka Afonso Reis Renato Martins Assunção Mariângela Carneiro 2013-11-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002540 https://doaj.org/article/5488702fc7344734b227cecc5e039244 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3820760?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002540 https://doaj.org/article/5488702fc7344734b227cecc5e039244 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 7, Iss 11, p e2540 (2013) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2013 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002540 2022-12-31T15:53:31Z BACKGROUND: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a vector-borne disease whose factors involved in transmission are poorly understood, especially in more urban and densely populated counties. In Brazil, the VL urbanization is a challenge for the control program. The goals were to identify the greater risk areas for human VL and the risk factors involved in transmission. METHODOLOGY: This is an ecological study on the relative risk of human VL. Spatial units of analysis were the coverage areas of the Basic Health Units (146 small-areas) of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Human VL cases, from 2007 to 2009 (n = 412), were obtained in the Brazilian Reportable Disease Information System. Bayesian approach was used to model the relative risk of VL including potential risk factors involved in transmission (canine infection, socioeconomic and environmental features) and to identify the small-areas of greater risk to human VL. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The relative risk of VL was shown to be correlated with income, education, and the number of infected dogs per inhabitants. The estimates of relative risk of VL were higher than 1.0 in 54% of the areas (79/146). The spatial modeling highlighted 14 areas with the highest relative risk of VL and 12 of them are concentrated in the northern region of the city. CONCLUSIONS: The spatial analysis used in this study is useful for the identification of small-areas according to risk of human VL and presents operational applicability in control and surveillance program in an urban environment with an unequal spatial distribution of the disease. Thus the frequent monitoring of relative risk of human VL in small-areas is important to direct and prioritize the actions of the control program in urban environment, especially in big cities. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 7 11 e2540 |
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Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Valdelaine Etelvina Miranda de Araújo Letícia Cavalari Pinheiro Maria Cristina de Mattos Almeida Fernanda Carvalho de Menezes Maria Helena Franco Morais Ilka Afonso Reis Renato Martins Assunção Mariângela Carneiro Relative risk of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil: a spatial analysis in urban area. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
BACKGROUND: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a vector-borne disease whose factors involved in transmission are poorly understood, especially in more urban and densely populated counties. In Brazil, the VL urbanization is a challenge for the control program. The goals were to identify the greater risk areas for human VL and the risk factors involved in transmission. METHODOLOGY: This is an ecological study on the relative risk of human VL. Spatial units of analysis were the coverage areas of the Basic Health Units (146 small-areas) of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Human VL cases, from 2007 to 2009 (n = 412), were obtained in the Brazilian Reportable Disease Information System. Bayesian approach was used to model the relative risk of VL including potential risk factors involved in transmission (canine infection, socioeconomic and environmental features) and to identify the small-areas of greater risk to human VL. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The relative risk of VL was shown to be correlated with income, education, and the number of infected dogs per inhabitants. The estimates of relative risk of VL were higher than 1.0 in 54% of the areas (79/146). The spatial modeling highlighted 14 areas with the highest relative risk of VL and 12 of them are concentrated in the northern region of the city. CONCLUSIONS: The spatial analysis used in this study is useful for the identification of small-areas according to risk of human VL and presents operational applicability in control and surveillance program in an urban environment with an unequal spatial distribution of the disease. Thus the frequent monitoring of relative risk of human VL in small-areas is important to direct and prioritize the actions of the control program in urban environment, especially in big cities. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Valdelaine Etelvina Miranda de Araújo Letícia Cavalari Pinheiro Maria Cristina de Mattos Almeida Fernanda Carvalho de Menezes Maria Helena Franco Morais Ilka Afonso Reis Renato Martins Assunção Mariângela Carneiro |
author_facet |
Valdelaine Etelvina Miranda de Araújo Letícia Cavalari Pinheiro Maria Cristina de Mattos Almeida Fernanda Carvalho de Menezes Maria Helena Franco Morais Ilka Afonso Reis Renato Martins Assunção Mariângela Carneiro |
author_sort |
Valdelaine Etelvina Miranda de Araújo |
title |
Relative risk of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil: a spatial analysis in urban area. |
title_short |
Relative risk of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil: a spatial analysis in urban area. |
title_full |
Relative risk of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil: a spatial analysis in urban area. |
title_fullStr |
Relative risk of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil: a spatial analysis in urban area. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Relative risk of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil: a spatial analysis in urban area. |
title_sort |
relative risk of visceral leishmaniasis in brazil: a spatial analysis in urban area. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002540 https://doaj.org/article/5488702fc7344734b227cecc5e039244 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 7, Iss 11, p e2540 (2013) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3820760?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002540 https://doaj.org/article/5488702fc7344734b227cecc5e039244 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002540 |
container_title |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
7 |
container_issue |
11 |
container_start_page |
e2540 |
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1766347071223234560 |