Visceral leishmaniasis among children in an endemic area of northwestern Iran between 2016 and 2017: An epidemiological study
Objective: To clarify the epidemiological aspects of visceral leishmaniasis in Kaleybar and Khoda-Afarin districts, north-west of Iran. Methods: A total of 1 420 human (children under 12 years) samples, 101 domestic dogs samples (Canis familiaris), and 577 female sand fly samples were collected. Ser...
Published in: | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2019
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.4103/1995-7645.262074 https://doaj.org/article/540ff2f9854b49569a0e3de262a51268 |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:540ff2f9854b49569a0e3de262a51268 2023-05-15T15:13:22+02:00 Visceral leishmaniasis among children in an endemic area of northwestern Iran between 2016 and 2017: An epidemiological study Hamed Behniafar Vahideh Moin-Vaziri Mehdi Mohebali Seyyed Javad Seyyed Tabaei Zabih Zarei Elham Kazemirad Behnaz Akhoundi Mohammad Kazem Saharifi-Yazdi Alireza Zahraei-Ramazani 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.4103/1995-7645.262074 https://doaj.org/article/540ff2f9854b49569a0e3de262a51268 EN eng Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications http://www.apjtm.org/article.asp?issn=1995-7645;year=2019;volume=12;issue=7;spage=306;epage=314;aulast=Behniafar https://doaj.org/toc/2352-4146 2352-4146 doi:10.4103/1995-7645.262074 https://doaj.org/article/540ff2f9854b49569a0e3de262a51268 Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, Vol 12, Iss 7, Pp 306-314 (2019) visceral leishmaniasis human domestic dog seroprevalence risk factor phlebotomus Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.4103/1995-7645.262074 2022-12-31T13:54:29Z Objective: To clarify the epidemiological aspects of visceral leishmaniasis in Kaleybar and Khoda-Afarin districts, north-west of Iran. Methods: A total of 1 420 human (children under 12 years) samples, 101 domestic dogs samples (Canis familiaris), and 577 female sand fly samples were collected. Sera of human and dogs were tested using the direct agglutination test, and sand flies were identified at species level using the microscopic method. Furthermore, a structured questionnaire was applied to evaluate the correlation between the potential risk factors and the related clinical signs/ symptoms with the human and dogs’ seropositivity. Results: Totally, 2.18% of human samples were positive at titers≥: 800; among them, 13 cases (41.94%) were above 1:3 200, and clinical symptoms were observed in all of them except for an 11-year old girl. Anti-Leishmania infantum antibodies were found at titers ≥1: 320 in 9.90% of dogs’ samples, half of them had at least one sign of canine visceral leishmaniasis. Moreover, 10 Phlebotomus species were identified in the study areas, and Phlebotomus (Larroussius) major group was the predominant species. There are significant correlations between the presence of anti-Leishmania infantum antibodies and the fever (P<0.001), anemia (P=0.001) and weight loss (P=0.016) in children. On the other hand, significant correlations were revealed between the Leishmania infection and the shelter (P=0.039), cutaneous lesion (P=0.005), lymphadenopathy (P=0.001) and weight loss (P<0.001) in the infected dogs. Conclusions: Visceral Leishmania infection is prevalent in rural areas of Kaleybar and Khoda- Afar districts located in East-Azerbaijan province, therefore active detection and treatment of visceral leishmaniasis cases should not be neglected. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 12 7 306 |
institution |
Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
visceral leishmaniasis human domestic dog seroprevalence risk factor phlebotomus Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 |
spellingShingle |
visceral leishmaniasis human domestic dog seroprevalence risk factor phlebotomus Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Hamed Behniafar Vahideh Moin-Vaziri Mehdi Mohebali Seyyed Javad Seyyed Tabaei Zabih Zarei Elham Kazemirad Behnaz Akhoundi Mohammad Kazem Saharifi-Yazdi Alireza Zahraei-Ramazani Visceral leishmaniasis among children in an endemic area of northwestern Iran between 2016 and 2017: An epidemiological study |
topic_facet |
visceral leishmaniasis human domestic dog seroprevalence risk factor phlebotomus Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 |
description |
Objective: To clarify the epidemiological aspects of visceral leishmaniasis in Kaleybar and Khoda-Afarin districts, north-west of Iran. Methods: A total of 1 420 human (children under 12 years) samples, 101 domestic dogs samples (Canis familiaris), and 577 female sand fly samples were collected. Sera of human and dogs were tested using the direct agglutination test, and sand flies were identified at species level using the microscopic method. Furthermore, a structured questionnaire was applied to evaluate the correlation between the potential risk factors and the related clinical signs/ symptoms with the human and dogs’ seropositivity. Results: Totally, 2.18% of human samples were positive at titers≥: 800; among them, 13 cases (41.94%) were above 1:3 200, and clinical symptoms were observed in all of them except for an 11-year old girl. Anti-Leishmania infantum antibodies were found at titers ≥1: 320 in 9.90% of dogs’ samples, half of them had at least one sign of canine visceral leishmaniasis. Moreover, 10 Phlebotomus species were identified in the study areas, and Phlebotomus (Larroussius) major group was the predominant species. There are significant correlations between the presence of anti-Leishmania infantum antibodies and the fever (P<0.001), anemia (P=0.001) and weight loss (P=0.016) in children. On the other hand, significant correlations were revealed between the Leishmania infection and the shelter (P=0.039), cutaneous lesion (P=0.005), lymphadenopathy (P=0.001) and weight loss (P<0.001) in the infected dogs. Conclusions: Visceral Leishmania infection is prevalent in rural areas of Kaleybar and Khoda- Afar districts located in East-Azerbaijan province, therefore active detection and treatment of visceral leishmaniasis cases should not be neglected. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hamed Behniafar Vahideh Moin-Vaziri Mehdi Mohebali Seyyed Javad Seyyed Tabaei Zabih Zarei Elham Kazemirad Behnaz Akhoundi Mohammad Kazem Saharifi-Yazdi Alireza Zahraei-Ramazani |
author_facet |
Hamed Behniafar Vahideh Moin-Vaziri Mehdi Mohebali Seyyed Javad Seyyed Tabaei Zabih Zarei Elham Kazemirad Behnaz Akhoundi Mohammad Kazem Saharifi-Yazdi Alireza Zahraei-Ramazani |
author_sort |
Hamed Behniafar |
title |
Visceral leishmaniasis among children in an endemic area of northwestern Iran between 2016 and 2017: An epidemiological study |
title_short |
Visceral leishmaniasis among children in an endemic area of northwestern Iran between 2016 and 2017: An epidemiological study |
title_full |
Visceral leishmaniasis among children in an endemic area of northwestern Iran between 2016 and 2017: An epidemiological study |
title_fullStr |
Visceral leishmaniasis among children in an endemic area of northwestern Iran between 2016 and 2017: An epidemiological study |
title_full_unstemmed |
Visceral leishmaniasis among children in an endemic area of northwestern Iran between 2016 and 2017: An epidemiological study |
title_sort |
visceral leishmaniasis among children in an endemic area of northwestern iran between 2016 and 2017: an epidemiological study |
publisher |
Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.4103/1995-7645.262074 https://doaj.org/article/540ff2f9854b49569a0e3de262a51268 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, Vol 12, Iss 7, Pp 306-314 (2019) |
op_relation |
http://www.apjtm.org/article.asp?issn=1995-7645;year=2019;volume=12;issue=7;spage=306;epage=314;aulast=Behniafar https://doaj.org/toc/2352-4146 2352-4146 doi:10.4103/1995-7645.262074 https://doaj.org/article/540ff2f9854b49569a0e3de262a51268 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.4103/1995-7645.262074 |
container_title |
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine |
container_volume |
12 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
306 |
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1766343931935588352 |