Experimental human hookworm infection: a narrative historical review.
In 1896, a serendipitous laboratory accident led to the understanding that hookworms propagate infection by penetrating skin, a theory that was then confirmed with the first experimental human infection, reported in 1901. Experimental human infections undertaken in the 20th century enabled understan...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:5359928cefc7400693d648e5c32053dc 2023-05-15T15:09:27+02:00 Experimental human hookworm infection: a narrative historical review. Paul R Chapman Paul Giacomin Alex Loukas James S McCarthy 2021-12-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009908 https://doaj.org/article/5359928cefc7400693d648e5c32053dc EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009908 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0009908 https://doaj.org/article/5359928cefc7400693d648e5c32053dc PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 12, p e0009908 (2021) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009908 2022-12-31T12:41:29Z In 1896, a serendipitous laboratory accident led to the understanding that hookworms propagate infection by penetrating skin, a theory that was then confirmed with the first experimental human infection, reported in 1901. Experimental human infections undertaken in the 20th century enabled understanding of the natural history of infection and the immune response. More recently, experimental hookworm infection has been performed to investigate the immunomodulatory potential of hookworm infection and for the evaluation of hookworm vaccines and chemotherapeutic interventions. Experimental human hookworm infection has been proven to be safe, with no deaths observed in over 500 participants (although early reports predate systematic adverse event reporting) and no serious adverse events described in over 200 participants enrolled in contemporary clinical trials. While experimental human hookworm infection holds significant promise, as both a challenge model for testing anti-hookworm therapies and for treating various diseases of modernity, there are many challenges that present. These challenges include preparation and storage of larvae, which has not significantly changed since Harada and Mori first described their coproculture method in 1955. In vitro methods of hookworm larval culture, storage, and the development of meaningful potency or release assays are required. Surrogate markers of intestinal infection intensity are required because faecal egg counts or hookworm faecal DNA intensity lack the fidelity required for exploration of hookworm infection as a vaccine/drug testing platform or as a regulated therapy. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 15 12 e0009908 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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English |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Paul R Chapman Paul Giacomin Alex Loukas James S McCarthy Experimental human hookworm infection: a narrative historical review. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
In 1896, a serendipitous laboratory accident led to the understanding that hookworms propagate infection by penetrating skin, a theory that was then confirmed with the first experimental human infection, reported in 1901. Experimental human infections undertaken in the 20th century enabled understanding of the natural history of infection and the immune response. More recently, experimental hookworm infection has been performed to investigate the immunomodulatory potential of hookworm infection and for the evaluation of hookworm vaccines and chemotherapeutic interventions. Experimental human hookworm infection has been proven to be safe, with no deaths observed in over 500 participants (although early reports predate systematic adverse event reporting) and no serious adverse events described in over 200 participants enrolled in contemporary clinical trials. While experimental human hookworm infection holds significant promise, as both a challenge model for testing anti-hookworm therapies and for treating various diseases of modernity, there are many challenges that present. These challenges include preparation and storage of larvae, which has not significantly changed since Harada and Mori first described their coproculture method in 1955. In vitro methods of hookworm larval culture, storage, and the development of meaningful potency or release assays are required. Surrogate markers of intestinal infection intensity are required because faecal egg counts or hookworm faecal DNA intensity lack the fidelity required for exploration of hookworm infection as a vaccine/drug testing platform or as a regulated therapy. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Paul R Chapman Paul Giacomin Alex Loukas James S McCarthy |
author_facet |
Paul R Chapman Paul Giacomin Alex Loukas James S McCarthy |
author_sort |
Paul R Chapman |
title |
Experimental human hookworm infection: a narrative historical review. |
title_short |
Experimental human hookworm infection: a narrative historical review. |
title_full |
Experimental human hookworm infection: a narrative historical review. |
title_fullStr |
Experimental human hookworm infection: a narrative historical review. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Experimental human hookworm infection: a narrative historical review. |
title_sort |
experimental human hookworm infection: a narrative historical review. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009908 https://doaj.org/article/5359928cefc7400693d648e5c32053dc |
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Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
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Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 12, p e0009908 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009908 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0009908 https://doaj.org/article/5359928cefc7400693d648e5c32053dc |
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https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009908 |
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PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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15 |
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12 |
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e0009908 |
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