Trypanosomes Modify the Behavior of Their Insect Hosts: Effects on Locomotion and on the Expression of a Related Gene.
BACKGROUND:As a result of evolution, the biology of triatomines must have been significantly adapted to accommodate trypanosome infection in a complex network of vector-vertebrate-parasite interactions. Arthropod-borne parasites have probably developed mechanisms, largely still unknown, to exploit t...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:52e4502eadff40c9ae92d24cbbc5274f 2023-05-15T15:13:26+02:00 Trypanosomes Modify the Behavior of Their Insect Hosts: Effects on Locomotion and on the Expression of a Related Gene. Newmar Pinto Marliére José Manuel Latorre-Estivalis Marcelo Gustavo Lorenzo David Carrasco Juliana Alves-Silva Juliana de Oliveira Rodrigues Luciana de Lima Ferreira Luisa de Melo Lara Carl Lowenberger Alessandra Aparecida Guarneri 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003973 https://doaj.org/article/52e4502eadff40c9ae92d24cbbc5274f EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4546274?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0003973 https://doaj.org/article/52e4502eadff40c9ae92d24cbbc5274f PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 9, Iss 8, p e0003973 (2015) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2015 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003973 2022-12-31T12:10:41Z BACKGROUND:As a result of evolution, the biology of triatomines must have been significantly adapted to accommodate trypanosome infection in a complex network of vector-vertebrate-parasite interactions. Arthropod-borne parasites have probably developed mechanisms, largely still unknown, to exploit the vector-vertebrate host interactions to ensure their transmission to suitable hosts. Triatomines exhibit a strong negative phototaxis and nocturnal activity, believed to be important for insect survival against its predators. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:In this study we quantified phototaxis and locomotion in starved fifth instar nymphs of Rhodnius prolixus infected with Trypanosoma cruzi or Trypanosoma rangeli. T. cruzi infection did not alter insect phototaxis, but induced an overall 20% decrease in the number of bug locomotory events. Furthermore, the significant differences induced by this parasite were concentrated at the beginning of the scotophase. Conversely, T. rangeli modified both behaviors, as it significantly decreased bug negative phototaxis, while it induced a 23% increase in the number of locomotory events in infected bugs. In this case, the significant effects were observed during the photophase. We also investigated the expression of Rpfor, the triatomine ortholog of the foraging gene known to modulate locomotion in other insects, and found a 4.8 fold increase for T. rangeli infected insects. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:We demonstrated for the first time that trypanosome infection modulates the locomotory activity of the invertebrate host. T. rangeli infection seems to be more broadly effective, as besides affecting the intensity of locomotion this parasite also diminished negative phototaxis and the expression of a behavior-associated gene in the triatomine vector. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 9 8 e0003973 |
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Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Newmar Pinto Marliére José Manuel Latorre-Estivalis Marcelo Gustavo Lorenzo David Carrasco Juliana Alves-Silva Juliana de Oliveira Rodrigues Luciana de Lima Ferreira Luisa de Melo Lara Carl Lowenberger Alessandra Aparecida Guarneri Trypanosomes Modify the Behavior of Their Insect Hosts: Effects on Locomotion and on the Expression of a Related Gene. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
BACKGROUND:As a result of evolution, the biology of triatomines must have been significantly adapted to accommodate trypanosome infection in a complex network of vector-vertebrate-parasite interactions. Arthropod-borne parasites have probably developed mechanisms, largely still unknown, to exploit the vector-vertebrate host interactions to ensure their transmission to suitable hosts. Triatomines exhibit a strong negative phototaxis and nocturnal activity, believed to be important for insect survival against its predators. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:In this study we quantified phototaxis and locomotion in starved fifth instar nymphs of Rhodnius prolixus infected with Trypanosoma cruzi or Trypanosoma rangeli. T. cruzi infection did not alter insect phototaxis, but induced an overall 20% decrease in the number of bug locomotory events. Furthermore, the significant differences induced by this parasite were concentrated at the beginning of the scotophase. Conversely, T. rangeli modified both behaviors, as it significantly decreased bug negative phototaxis, while it induced a 23% increase in the number of locomotory events in infected bugs. In this case, the significant effects were observed during the photophase. We also investigated the expression of Rpfor, the triatomine ortholog of the foraging gene known to modulate locomotion in other insects, and found a 4.8 fold increase for T. rangeli infected insects. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:We demonstrated for the first time that trypanosome infection modulates the locomotory activity of the invertebrate host. T. rangeli infection seems to be more broadly effective, as besides affecting the intensity of locomotion this parasite also diminished negative phototaxis and the expression of a behavior-associated gene in the triatomine vector. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Newmar Pinto Marliére José Manuel Latorre-Estivalis Marcelo Gustavo Lorenzo David Carrasco Juliana Alves-Silva Juliana de Oliveira Rodrigues Luciana de Lima Ferreira Luisa de Melo Lara Carl Lowenberger Alessandra Aparecida Guarneri |
author_facet |
Newmar Pinto Marliére José Manuel Latorre-Estivalis Marcelo Gustavo Lorenzo David Carrasco Juliana Alves-Silva Juliana de Oliveira Rodrigues Luciana de Lima Ferreira Luisa de Melo Lara Carl Lowenberger Alessandra Aparecida Guarneri |
author_sort |
Newmar Pinto Marliére |
title |
Trypanosomes Modify the Behavior of Their Insect Hosts: Effects on Locomotion and on the Expression of a Related Gene. |
title_short |
Trypanosomes Modify the Behavior of Their Insect Hosts: Effects on Locomotion and on the Expression of a Related Gene. |
title_full |
Trypanosomes Modify the Behavior of Their Insect Hosts: Effects on Locomotion and on the Expression of a Related Gene. |
title_fullStr |
Trypanosomes Modify the Behavior of Their Insect Hosts: Effects on Locomotion and on the Expression of a Related Gene. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Trypanosomes Modify the Behavior of Their Insect Hosts: Effects on Locomotion and on the Expression of a Related Gene. |
title_sort |
trypanosomes modify the behavior of their insect hosts: effects on locomotion and on the expression of a related gene. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003973 https://doaj.org/article/52e4502eadff40c9ae92d24cbbc5274f |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 9, Iss 8, p e0003973 (2015) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4546274?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0003973 https://doaj.org/article/52e4502eadff40c9ae92d24cbbc5274f |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003973 |
container_title |
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
e0003973 |
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1766343992566349824 |