On the Multiscale Oceanic Heat Transports Toward the Bases of the Antarctic Ice Shelves
The mass balance of the Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) is important to global sea-level change. The AIS loses mass mainly through basal melting and subsequent calving of the Antarctic ice shelves. However, the simulated basal melting rates are very uncertain in ice sheet models, partially resulting from...
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American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
2023
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:52b9519a5ef649f298867d1dab6b9cc5 2023-10-01T03:50:26+02:00 On the Multiscale Oceanic Heat Transports Toward the Bases of the Antarctic Ice Shelves Zhaomin Wang Chengyan Liu Chen Cheng Qing Qin Liangjun Yan Jiangchao Qian Chong Sun Li Zhang 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.34133/olar.0010 https://doaj.org/article/52b9519a5ef649f298867d1dab6b9cc5 EN eng American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) https://spj.science.org/doi/10.34133/olar.0010 https://doaj.org/toc/2771-0378 doi:10.34133/olar.0010 2771-0378 https://doaj.org/article/52b9519a5ef649f298867d1dab6b9cc5 Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Research, Vol 2 (2023) Oceanography GC1-1581 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 article 2023 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.34133/olar.0010 2023-09-03T00:48:51Z The mass balance of the Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) is important to global sea-level change. The AIS loses mass mainly through basal melting and subsequent calving of the Antarctic ice shelves. However, the simulated basal melting rates are very uncertain in ice sheet models, partially resulting from the poor understanding of oceanic heat transports. In this article, we review the recent progress in understanding and simulating such heat transports. Regulated by major circulation features, Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) is much closer to the Bellingshausen–Amundsen Seas and the Cooperation Sea (60°E to 90°E) and the sector further east to 160°E. The ice shelves within these sectors are experiencing enhanced basal melting resulting from tropical forcing and intensified westerlies. Around West Antarctica, the isopycnal structure favors the delivery of CDW across slopes and shelves, while around East Antarctica, the persistent and strong westward Antarctic Slope Current (Front) acts to prevent warm-water intrusion. Both eddies and troughs favor heat transport to the fronts of the ice shelves and even into the cavities. The sharp contrast between the water column thicknesses on both sides of ice shelf fronts blocks the barotropic inflows and can excite topographic Rossby waves. Inside the cavities, the heat fluxes to the bases of the ice shelves are controlled by the cavity geometry, the circulations in the cavities, and the properties of the water masses beneath the ice shelves. Limited direct observations of cavities have promoted the development of various models. To improve basal melting simulations, meltwater plume models have been developed to study meltwater-laden mixed layer dynamics by increasing the vertical resolution, with recent advanced studies considering the vertical structures of frazil ice concentration and velocity. To reduce the uncertainties in the simulated and projected basal mass loss of the Antarctic ice shelves, future efforts should be devoted to improving the bathymetry and cavity geometry, ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Cooperation Sea East Antarctica Ice Sheet Ice Shelf Ice Shelves West Antarctica Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Antarctic Cooperation Sea ENVELOPE(70.000,70.000,-67.000,-67.000) East Antarctica The Antarctic West Antarctica Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Research 2 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Oceanography GC1-1581 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 |
spellingShingle |
Oceanography GC1-1581 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 Zhaomin Wang Chengyan Liu Chen Cheng Qing Qin Liangjun Yan Jiangchao Qian Chong Sun Li Zhang On the Multiscale Oceanic Heat Transports Toward the Bases of the Antarctic Ice Shelves |
topic_facet |
Oceanography GC1-1581 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 |
description |
The mass balance of the Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) is important to global sea-level change. The AIS loses mass mainly through basal melting and subsequent calving of the Antarctic ice shelves. However, the simulated basal melting rates are very uncertain in ice sheet models, partially resulting from the poor understanding of oceanic heat transports. In this article, we review the recent progress in understanding and simulating such heat transports. Regulated by major circulation features, Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) is much closer to the Bellingshausen–Amundsen Seas and the Cooperation Sea (60°E to 90°E) and the sector further east to 160°E. The ice shelves within these sectors are experiencing enhanced basal melting resulting from tropical forcing and intensified westerlies. Around West Antarctica, the isopycnal structure favors the delivery of CDW across slopes and shelves, while around East Antarctica, the persistent and strong westward Antarctic Slope Current (Front) acts to prevent warm-water intrusion. Both eddies and troughs favor heat transport to the fronts of the ice shelves and even into the cavities. The sharp contrast between the water column thicknesses on both sides of ice shelf fronts blocks the barotropic inflows and can excite topographic Rossby waves. Inside the cavities, the heat fluxes to the bases of the ice shelves are controlled by the cavity geometry, the circulations in the cavities, and the properties of the water masses beneath the ice shelves. Limited direct observations of cavities have promoted the development of various models. To improve basal melting simulations, meltwater plume models have been developed to study meltwater-laden mixed layer dynamics by increasing the vertical resolution, with recent advanced studies considering the vertical structures of frazil ice concentration and velocity. To reduce the uncertainties in the simulated and projected basal mass loss of the Antarctic ice shelves, future efforts should be devoted to improving the bathymetry and cavity geometry, ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Zhaomin Wang Chengyan Liu Chen Cheng Qing Qin Liangjun Yan Jiangchao Qian Chong Sun Li Zhang |
author_facet |
Zhaomin Wang Chengyan Liu Chen Cheng Qing Qin Liangjun Yan Jiangchao Qian Chong Sun Li Zhang |
author_sort |
Zhaomin Wang |
title |
On the Multiscale Oceanic Heat Transports Toward the Bases of the Antarctic Ice Shelves |
title_short |
On the Multiscale Oceanic Heat Transports Toward the Bases of the Antarctic Ice Shelves |
title_full |
On the Multiscale Oceanic Heat Transports Toward the Bases of the Antarctic Ice Shelves |
title_fullStr |
On the Multiscale Oceanic Heat Transports Toward the Bases of the Antarctic Ice Shelves |
title_full_unstemmed |
On the Multiscale Oceanic Heat Transports Toward the Bases of the Antarctic Ice Shelves |
title_sort |
on the multiscale oceanic heat transports toward the bases of the antarctic ice shelves |
publisher |
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.34133/olar.0010 https://doaj.org/article/52b9519a5ef649f298867d1dab6b9cc5 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(70.000,70.000,-67.000,-67.000) |
geographic |
Antarctic Cooperation Sea East Antarctica The Antarctic West Antarctica |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Cooperation Sea East Antarctica The Antarctic West Antarctica |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Cooperation Sea East Antarctica Ice Sheet Ice Shelf Ice Shelves West Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Cooperation Sea East Antarctica Ice Sheet Ice Shelf Ice Shelves West Antarctica |
op_source |
Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Research, Vol 2 (2023) |
op_relation |
https://spj.science.org/doi/10.34133/olar.0010 https://doaj.org/toc/2771-0378 doi:10.34133/olar.0010 2771-0378 https://doaj.org/article/52b9519a5ef649f298867d1dab6b9cc5 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.34133/olar.0010 |
container_title |
Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Research |
container_volume |
2 |
_version_ |
1778523287771414528 |