First identification of canine adenovirus 1 in mink and bioinformatics analysis of its 100 K protein

• Published in: Frontiers in Microbiology
• Main Authors: Jinyu Hou, Jinfeng Xu, Ben Wang, Hongling Zhang, Baishuang Yin, Goujiang Li, Fashou Lei, Xiaoming Cai, Yanzhu Zhu, Longtao Wang
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
• Subjects: mink; CAdV-1; 100 K protein; bioinformatics analysis; homology analysis; Microbiology; QR1-502; Arctic; Arctic Fox
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1245581; https://doaj.org/article/527ee4faa496474d980bce3daeb336b9

IntroductionAnimal trade favors the spreading of emerging canine adenovirus 1 (CAdV-1) in mink. Because the 100K protein is not exposed to the viral surface at any stage, it can be used to differentiate the vaccine from wild virus infection. However, no related research has been conducted. This study aimed to find evidence of CAdV-1 in mink and predict the character of the 100K protein in the current circulating CAdV-1 strain of mink.MethodIn this experiment, the identification of CAdV-1, the phylogenetic tree, homology, and bioinformatics analysis of 100K were conducted.ResultsThe results showed that the CAdV-1 was identified in the mink and that its Fiber was located in a separate branch. It was closely related to strains isolated from Norwegian Arctic fox and Red fox. 100K was located in a separate branch, which had the closest genetic relationship with skunks, porcupines, raccoons, and hedgehogs and a far genetic relationship with the strains in dogs. 100K protein is an unstable and hydrophobic protein. It had evidence of selective pressure and recombination, 1 glycosylation site, 48 phosphorylation sites, 60 dominant B cell epitopes, and 9 peptides of MHC-I and MHC-II. Its subcellular localization was mainly in the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. The binding sites of 100K proteins were DBP proteins and 33K proteins.DiscussionThe stains in the mink were different from fox. The exploration of its genomic characteristics will provide us with a deeper understanding of the prevention of canine adenovirus.