Evolution of the recombination regulator PRDM9 in minke whales
Abstract Background PRDM9 is a key regulator of meiotic recombination in most metazoans, responsible for reshuffling parental genomes. During meiosis, the PRDM9 protein recognizes and binds specific target motifs via its array of C2H2 zinc-fingers encoded by a rapidly evolving minisatellite. The gen...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:524804e8e99f431f904ed760f6bd6f10 2023-05-15T13:52:02+02:00 Evolution of the recombination regulator PRDM9 in minke whales Elena Damm Kristian K. Ullrich William B. Amos Linda Odenthal-Hesse 2022-03-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-022-08305-1 https://doaj.org/article/524804e8e99f431f904ed760f6bd6f10 EN eng BMC https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-022-08305-1 https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2164 doi:10.1186/s12864-022-08305-1 1471-2164 https://doaj.org/article/524804e8e99f431f904ed760f6bd6f10 BMC Genomics, Vol 23, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2022) PRDM9 Minke whales Balaenoptera acutorostrata Balaenoptera bonaerensis Microsatellite loci mtDNA Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65 Genetics QH426-470 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-022-08305-1 2022-12-31T07:03:27Z Abstract Background PRDM9 is a key regulator of meiotic recombination in most metazoans, responsible for reshuffling parental genomes. During meiosis, the PRDM9 protein recognizes and binds specific target motifs via its array of C2H2 zinc-fingers encoded by a rapidly evolving minisatellite. The gene coding for PRDM9 is the only speciation gene identified in vertebrates to date and shows high variation, particularly in the DNA-recognizing positions of the zinc-finger array, within and between species. Across all vertebrate genomes studied for PRDM9 evolution, only one genome lacks variability between repeat types – that of the North Pacific minke whale. This study aims to understand the evolution and diversity of Prdm9 in minke whales, which display the most unusual genome reference allele of Prdm9 so far discovered in mammals. Results Minke whales possess all the features characteristic of PRDM9-directed recombination, including complete KRAB, SSXRD and SET domains and a rapidly evolving array of C2H2-type-Zincfingers (ZnF) with evidence of rapid evolution, particularly at DNA-recognizing positions that evolve under positive diversifying selection. Seventeen novel PRDM9 variants were identified within the Antarctic minke whale species, plus a single distinct PRDM9 variant in Common minke whales – shared across North Atlantic and North Pacific minke whale subspecies boundaries. Conclusion The PRDM9 ZnF array evolves rapidly, in minke whales, with at least one DNA-recognizing position under positive selection. Extensive PRDM9 diversity is observed, particularly in the Antarctic in minke whales. Common minke whales shared a specific Prdm9 allele across subspecies boundaries, suggesting incomplete speciation by the mechanisms associated with PRDM9 hybrid sterility. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Minke whale Balaenoptera acutorostrata Balaenoptera bonaerensis minke whale North Atlantic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Antarctic The Antarctic Pacific Krab ENVELOPE(110.483,110.483,-66.450,-66.450) BMC Genomics 23 1 |
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Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
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English |
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PRDM9 Minke whales Balaenoptera acutorostrata Balaenoptera bonaerensis Microsatellite loci mtDNA Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65 Genetics QH426-470 |
spellingShingle |
PRDM9 Minke whales Balaenoptera acutorostrata Balaenoptera bonaerensis Microsatellite loci mtDNA Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65 Genetics QH426-470 Elena Damm Kristian K. Ullrich William B. Amos Linda Odenthal-Hesse Evolution of the recombination regulator PRDM9 in minke whales |
topic_facet |
PRDM9 Minke whales Balaenoptera acutorostrata Balaenoptera bonaerensis Microsatellite loci mtDNA Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65 Genetics QH426-470 |
description |
Abstract Background PRDM9 is a key regulator of meiotic recombination in most metazoans, responsible for reshuffling parental genomes. During meiosis, the PRDM9 protein recognizes and binds specific target motifs via its array of C2H2 zinc-fingers encoded by a rapidly evolving minisatellite. The gene coding for PRDM9 is the only speciation gene identified in vertebrates to date and shows high variation, particularly in the DNA-recognizing positions of the zinc-finger array, within and between species. Across all vertebrate genomes studied for PRDM9 evolution, only one genome lacks variability between repeat types – that of the North Pacific minke whale. This study aims to understand the evolution and diversity of Prdm9 in minke whales, which display the most unusual genome reference allele of Prdm9 so far discovered in mammals. Results Minke whales possess all the features characteristic of PRDM9-directed recombination, including complete KRAB, SSXRD and SET domains and a rapidly evolving array of C2H2-type-Zincfingers (ZnF) with evidence of rapid evolution, particularly at DNA-recognizing positions that evolve under positive diversifying selection. Seventeen novel PRDM9 variants were identified within the Antarctic minke whale species, plus a single distinct PRDM9 variant in Common minke whales – shared across North Atlantic and North Pacific minke whale subspecies boundaries. Conclusion The PRDM9 ZnF array evolves rapidly, in minke whales, with at least one DNA-recognizing position under positive selection. Extensive PRDM9 diversity is observed, particularly in the Antarctic in minke whales. Common minke whales shared a specific Prdm9 allele across subspecies boundaries, suggesting incomplete speciation by the mechanisms associated with PRDM9 hybrid sterility. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Elena Damm Kristian K. Ullrich William B. Amos Linda Odenthal-Hesse |
author_facet |
Elena Damm Kristian K. Ullrich William B. Amos Linda Odenthal-Hesse |
author_sort |
Elena Damm |
title |
Evolution of the recombination regulator PRDM9 in minke whales |
title_short |
Evolution of the recombination regulator PRDM9 in minke whales |
title_full |
Evolution of the recombination regulator PRDM9 in minke whales |
title_fullStr |
Evolution of the recombination regulator PRDM9 in minke whales |
title_full_unstemmed |
Evolution of the recombination regulator PRDM9 in minke whales |
title_sort |
evolution of the recombination regulator prdm9 in minke whales |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-022-08305-1 https://doaj.org/article/524804e8e99f431f904ed760f6bd6f10 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(110.483,110.483,-66.450,-66.450) |
geographic |
Antarctic The Antarctic Pacific Krab |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic The Antarctic Pacific Krab |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Minke whale Balaenoptera acutorostrata Balaenoptera bonaerensis minke whale North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Minke whale Balaenoptera acutorostrata Balaenoptera bonaerensis minke whale North Atlantic |
op_source |
BMC Genomics, Vol 23, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-022-08305-1 https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2164 doi:10.1186/s12864-022-08305-1 1471-2164 https://doaj.org/article/524804e8e99f431f904ed760f6bd6f10 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-022-08305-1 |
container_title |
BMC Genomics |
container_volume |
23 |
container_issue |
1 |
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1766256224966279168 |