The Flux-Anomaly-Forced Model Intercomparison Project (FAFMIP) contribution to CMIP6: investigation of sea-level and ocean climate change in response to CO 2 forcing
The Flux-Anomaly-Forced Model Intercomparison Project (FAFMIP) aims to investigate the spread in simulations of sea-level and ocean climate change in response to CO 2 forcing by atmosphere–ocean general circulation models (AOGCMs). It is particularly motivated by the uncertainties in projections of...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:51f31536345743f38528693eb62c5e9d 2023-05-15T13:59:58+02:00 The Flux-Anomaly-Forced Model Intercomparison Project (FAFMIP) contribution to CMIP6: investigation of sea-level and ocean climate change in response to CO 2 forcing J. M. Gregory N. Bouttes S. M. Griffies H. Haak W. J. Hurlin J. Jungclaus M. Kelley W. G. Lee J. Marshall A. Romanou O. A. Saenko D. Stammer M. Winton 2016-11-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-3993-2016 https://doaj.org/article/51f31536345743f38528693eb62c5e9d EN eng Copernicus Publications https://www.geosci-model-dev.net/9/3993/2016/gmd-9-3993-2016.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1991-959X https://doaj.org/toc/1991-9603 doi:10.5194/gmd-9-3993-2016 1991-959X 1991-9603 https://doaj.org/article/51f31536345743f38528693eb62c5e9d Geoscientific Model Development, Vol 9, Pp 3993-4017 (2016) Geology QE1-996.5 article 2016 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-3993-2016 2022-12-31T02:13:35Z The Flux-Anomaly-Forced Model Intercomparison Project (FAFMIP) aims to investigate the spread in simulations of sea-level and ocean climate change in response to CO 2 forcing by atmosphere–ocean general circulation models (AOGCMs). It is particularly motivated by the uncertainties in projections of ocean heat uptake, global-mean sea-level rise due to thermal expansion and the geographical patterns of sea-level change due to ocean density and circulation change. FAFMIP has three tier-1 experiments, in which prescribed surface flux perturbations of momentum, heat and freshwater respectively are applied to the ocean in separate AOGCM simulations. All other conditions are as in the pre-industrial control. The prescribed fields are typical of pattern and magnitude of changes in these fluxes projected by AOGCMs for doubled CO 2 concentration. Five groups have tested the experimental design with existing AOGCMs. Their results show diversity in the pattern and magnitude of changes, with some common qualitative features. Heat and water flux perturbation cause the dipole in sea-level change in the North Atlantic, while momentum and heat flux perturbation cause the gradient across the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) declines in response to the heat flux perturbation, and there is a strong positive feedback on this effect due to the consequent cooling of sea-surface temperature in the North Atlantic, which enhances the local heat input to the ocean. The momentum and water flux perturbations do not substantially affect the AMOC. Heat is taken up largely as a passive tracer in the Southern Ocean, which is the region of greatest heat input, while the weakening of the AMOC causes redistribution of heat towards lower latitudes. Future analysis of these and other phenomena with the wider range of CMIP6 FAFMIP AOGCMs will benefit from new diagnostics of temperature and salinity tendencies, which will enable investigation of the model spread in behaviour in terms of physical ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic North Atlantic Southern Ocean Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Geoscientific Model Development 9 11 3993 4017 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Geology QE1-996.5 J. M. Gregory N. Bouttes S. M. Griffies H. Haak W. J. Hurlin J. Jungclaus M. Kelley W. G. Lee J. Marshall A. Romanou O. A. Saenko D. Stammer M. Winton The Flux-Anomaly-Forced Model Intercomparison Project (FAFMIP) contribution to CMIP6: investigation of sea-level and ocean climate change in response to CO 2 forcing |
topic_facet |
Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
The Flux-Anomaly-Forced Model Intercomparison Project (FAFMIP) aims to investigate the spread in simulations of sea-level and ocean climate change in response to CO 2 forcing by atmosphere–ocean general circulation models (AOGCMs). It is particularly motivated by the uncertainties in projections of ocean heat uptake, global-mean sea-level rise due to thermal expansion and the geographical patterns of sea-level change due to ocean density and circulation change. FAFMIP has three tier-1 experiments, in which prescribed surface flux perturbations of momentum, heat and freshwater respectively are applied to the ocean in separate AOGCM simulations. All other conditions are as in the pre-industrial control. The prescribed fields are typical of pattern and magnitude of changes in these fluxes projected by AOGCMs for doubled CO 2 concentration. Five groups have tested the experimental design with existing AOGCMs. Their results show diversity in the pattern and magnitude of changes, with some common qualitative features. Heat and water flux perturbation cause the dipole in sea-level change in the North Atlantic, while momentum and heat flux perturbation cause the gradient across the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) declines in response to the heat flux perturbation, and there is a strong positive feedback on this effect due to the consequent cooling of sea-surface temperature in the North Atlantic, which enhances the local heat input to the ocean. The momentum and water flux perturbations do not substantially affect the AMOC. Heat is taken up largely as a passive tracer in the Southern Ocean, which is the region of greatest heat input, while the weakening of the AMOC causes redistribution of heat towards lower latitudes. Future analysis of these and other phenomena with the wider range of CMIP6 FAFMIP AOGCMs will benefit from new diagnostics of temperature and salinity tendencies, which will enable investigation of the model spread in behaviour in terms of physical ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
J. M. Gregory N. Bouttes S. M. Griffies H. Haak W. J. Hurlin J. Jungclaus M. Kelley W. G. Lee J. Marshall A. Romanou O. A. Saenko D. Stammer M. Winton |
author_facet |
J. M. Gregory N. Bouttes S. M. Griffies H. Haak W. J. Hurlin J. Jungclaus M. Kelley W. G. Lee J. Marshall A. Romanou O. A. Saenko D. Stammer M. Winton |
author_sort |
J. M. Gregory |
title |
The Flux-Anomaly-Forced Model Intercomparison Project (FAFMIP) contribution to CMIP6: investigation of sea-level and ocean climate change in response to CO 2 forcing |
title_short |
The Flux-Anomaly-Forced Model Intercomparison Project (FAFMIP) contribution to CMIP6: investigation of sea-level and ocean climate change in response to CO 2 forcing |
title_full |
The Flux-Anomaly-Forced Model Intercomparison Project (FAFMIP) contribution to CMIP6: investigation of sea-level and ocean climate change in response to CO 2 forcing |
title_fullStr |
The Flux-Anomaly-Forced Model Intercomparison Project (FAFMIP) contribution to CMIP6: investigation of sea-level and ocean climate change in response to CO 2 forcing |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Flux-Anomaly-Forced Model Intercomparison Project (FAFMIP) contribution to CMIP6: investigation of sea-level and ocean climate change in response to CO 2 forcing |
title_sort |
flux-anomaly-forced model intercomparison project (fafmip) contribution to cmip6: investigation of sea-level and ocean climate change in response to co 2 forcing |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-3993-2016 https://doaj.org/article/51f31536345743f38528693eb62c5e9d |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic North Atlantic Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic North Atlantic Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Geoscientific Model Development, Vol 9, Pp 3993-4017 (2016) |
op_relation |
https://www.geosci-model-dev.net/9/3993/2016/gmd-9-3993-2016.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1991-959X https://doaj.org/toc/1991-9603 doi:10.5194/gmd-9-3993-2016 1991-959X 1991-9603 https://doaj.org/article/51f31536345743f38528693eb62c5e9d |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-3993-2016 |
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Geoscientific Model Development |
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9 |
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11 |
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3993 |
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