Occurrence, latitudinal gradient and potential sources of perchlorate in the atmosphere across the hemispheres (31°N to 80°S)
Perchlorate (ClO4−) is harmful to human health, and knowledge on the levels and sources of natural ClO4− in different environments remains rather limited. Here, we investigate ClO4− in aerosol samples collected along a cross-hemisphere ship cruise between China and Antarctica and on a traverse betwe...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:516d503a66c84874a43d6ad764be56d4 2023-05-15T13:31:08+02:00 Occurrence, latitudinal gradient and potential sources of perchlorate in the atmosphere across the hemispheres (31°N to 80°S) Su Jiang Guitao Shi Jihong Cole-Dai Chunlei An Bo Sun 2021-11-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2021.106611 https://doaj.org/article/516d503a66c84874a43d6ad764be56d4 EN eng Elsevier http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412021002361 https://doaj.org/toc/0160-4120 0160-4120 doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106611 https://doaj.org/article/516d503a66c84874a43d6ad764be56d4 Environment International, Vol 156, Iss , Pp 106611- (2021) Aerosol Snow Atmospheric formation Stratosphere Troposphere Environmental sciences GE1-350 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2021.106611 2022-12-31T09:55:36Z Perchlorate (ClO4−) is harmful to human health, and knowledge on the levels and sources of natural ClO4− in different environments remains rather limited. Here, we investigate ClO4− in aerosol samples collected along a cross-hemisphere ship cruise between China and Antarctica and on a traverse between coastal East Antarctica and the ice sheet summit (Dome Argus). Perchlorate concentrations range from a few to a few hundred pg m−3. A clear latitudinal trend is found, with elevated ClO4− concentrations near populated areas and in the southern mid-high latitudes. Spatial patterns of atmospheric ClO4− over oceans near the landmasses support that terrestrial ClO4− is not transported efficiently over long distances. In the southern mid-latitudes, higher ClO4− concentrations in March than in November-December may be caused by significant stratospheric inputs in March. Perchlorate concentrations appear to be higher in the warm half than in the cold half of the year in the southern high latitudes, suggesting seasonal difference in main atmospheric sources. ClO4− may be formed in the reactions between chlorine free radical (Cl·) and ozone (O3) in the stratosphere when Antarctic ozone hole occurs during September-October. And the stratosphere-produced ClO4− is moved to the boundary layer in several months and may be responsible for the high ClO4− concentrations in the warm half of the year. Perchlorate produced by photochemical reactions between O3 and Cl· in the Antarctic stratosphere is likely responsible for the higher ClO4− concentrations in Antarctica than in Arctic. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic East Antarctica Human health Ice Sheet Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Antarctic The Antarctic East Antarctica Dome Argus ENVELOPE(77.000,77.000,-81.000,-81.000) Environment International 156 106611 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Aerosol Snow Atmospheric formation Stratosphere Troposphere Environmental sciences GE1-350 |
spellingShingle |
Aerosol Snow Atmospheric formation Stratosphere Troposphere Environmental sciences GE1-350 Su Jiang Guitao Shi Jihong Cole-Dai Chunlei An Bo Sun Occurrence, latitudinal gradient and potential sources of perchlorate in the atmosphere across the hemispheres (31°N to 80°S) |
topic_facet |
Aerosol Snow Atmospheric formation Stratosphere Troposphere Environmental sciences GE1-350 |
description |
Perchlorate (ClO4−) is harmful to human health, and knowledge on the levels and sources of natural ClO4− in different environments remains rather limited. Here, we investigate ClO4− in aerosol samples collected along a cross-hemisphere ship cruise between China and Antarctica and on a traverse between coastal East Antarctica and the ice sheet summit (Dome Argus). Perchlorate concentrations range from a few to a few hundred pg m−3. A clear latitudinal trend is found, with elevated ClO4− concentrations near populated areas and in the southern mid-high latitudes. Spatial patterns of atmospheric ClO4− over oceans near the landmasses support that terrestrial ClO4− is not transported efficiently over long distances. In the southern mid-latitudes, higher ClO4− concentrations in March than in November-December may be caused by significant stratospheric inputs in March. Perchlorate concentrations appear to be higher in the warm half than in the cold half of the year in the southern high latitudes, suggesting seasonal difference in main atmospheric sources. ClO4− may be formed in the reactions between chlorine free radical (Cl·) and ozone (O3) in the stratosphere when Antarctic ozone hole occurs during September-October. And the stratosphere-produced ClO4− is moved to the boundary layer in several months and may be responsible for the high ClO4− concentrations in the warm half of the year. Perchlorate produced by photochemical reactions between O3 and Cl· in the Antarctic stratosphere is likely responsible for the higher ClO4− concentrations in Antarctica than in Arctic. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Su Jiang Guitao Shi Jihong Cole-Dai Chunlei An Bo Sun |
author_facet |
Su Jiang Guitao Shi Jihong Cole-Dai Chunlei An Bo Sun |
author_sort |
Su Jiang |
title |
Occurrence, latitudinal gradient and potential sources of perchlorate in the atmosphere across the hemispheres (31°N to 80°S) |
title_short |
Occurrence, latitudinal gradient and potential sources of perchlorate in the atmosphere across the hemispheres (31°N to 80°S) |
title_full |
Occurrence, latitudinal gradient and potential sources of perchlorate in the atmosphere across the hemispheres (31°N to 80°S) |
title_fullStr |
Occurrence, latitudinal gradient and potential sources of perchlorate in the atmosphere across the hemispheres (31°N to 80°S) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Occurrence, latitudinal gradient and potential sources of perchlorate in the atmosphere across the hemispheres (31°N to 80°S) |
title_sort |
occurrence, latitudinal gradient and potential sources of perchlorate in the atmosphere across the hemispheres (31°n to 80°s) |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2021.106611 https://doaj.org/article/516d503a66c84874a43d6ad764be56d4 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(77.000,77.000,-81.000,-81.000) |
geographic |
Arctic Antarctic The Antarctic East Antarctica Dome Argus |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Antarctic The Antarctic East Antarctica Dome Argus |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic East Antarctica Human health Ice Sheet |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic East Antarctica Human health Ice Sheet |
op_source |
Environment International, Vol 156, Iss , Pp 106611- (2021) |
op_relation |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412021002361 https://doaj.org/toc/0160-4120 0160-4120 doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106611 https://doaj.org/article/516d503a66c84874a43d6ad764be56d4 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2021.106611 |
container_title |
Environment International |
container_volume |
156 |
container_start_page |
106611 |
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1766016191076237312 |