Hysteresis of Northern Hemisphere permafrost to carbon dioxide emissions
Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) is proposed to limit the level of global warming and minimize the impacts of climate crises. However, how permafrost may respond to negative carbon emissions remains unknown. Here, the response of near-surface permafrost in the Northern Hemisphere is investigated based o...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:50daa611ec244e45b19df581a73007d7 2024-09-15T18:08:09+00:00 Hysteresis of Northern Hemisphere permafrost to carbon dioxide emissions Ting Wei Yueli Chen Hui Wang 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad69a6 https://doaj.org/article/50daa611ec244e45b19df581a73007d7 EN eng IOP Publishing https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad69a6 https://doaj.org/toc/1748-9326 doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ad69a6 1748-9326 https://doaj.org/article/50daa611ec244e45b19df581a73007d7 Environmental Research Letters, Vol 19, Iss 9, p 094032 (2024) CDR permafrost hysteresis Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Science Q Physics QC1-999 article 2024 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad69a6 2024-08-12T15:24:03Z Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) is proposed to limit the level of global warming and minimize the impacts of climate crises. However, how permafrost may respond to negative carbon emissions remains unknown. Here, the response of near-surface permafrost in the Northern Hemisphere is investigated based on idealized carbon dioxide (CO _2 ) ramp-up (284.7–1138.8 ppm) and symmetric ramp-down model experiments. The results demonstrate that the timing of the minimum permafrost area lags the maximum CO _2 concentration for decades, which is also observed in soil temperatures at different depths and active layer thicknesses (ALTs). When the CO _2 concentration is reversed to the preindustrial level, the permafrost area decreases by ∼12% relative to the initial conditions, together with additional warming in the ground temperature at the top of the permafrost, indicating the hysteresis of permafrost to CO _2 removal. The most profound hysteretic responses occur at high latitudes for soil temperatures owing to Arctic amplification and at the southern margins of the permafrost zones for permafrost and ALT that largely linked to the climate state. Moreover, the sensitivity of permafrost and the associated thermodynamic factors to CO _2 change is generally lower during the CO _2 ramp-down phase than during the ramp-up phase, likely due to the release of stored heat on land. The results reveal the behaviour of permafrost in response to negative carbon emissions, which is informative for the projections of permafrost towards carbon neutral targets. In addition, the results may provide a reference for permafrost-related tipping points (e.g. releasing long-term stored greenhouse gases and destabilising recalcitrant soil carbon) and risk management in the future. Article in Journal/Newspaper Global warming permafrost Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Environmental Research Letters 19 9 094032 |
institution |
Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
CDR permafrost hysteresis Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Science Q Physics QC1-999 |
spellingShingle |
CDR permafrost hysteresis Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Science Q Physics QC1-999 Ting Wei Yueli Chen Hui Wang Hysteresis of Northern Hemisphere permafrost to carbon dioxide emissions |
topic_facet |
CDR permafrost hysteresis Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Science Q Physics QC1-999 |
description |
Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) is proposed to limit the level of global warming and minimize the impacts of climate crises. However, how permafrost may respond to negative carbon emissions remains unknown. Here, the response of near-surface permafrost in the Northern Hemisphere is investigated based on idealized carbon dioxide (CO _2 ) ramp-up (284.7–1138.8 ppm) and symmetric ramp-down model experiments. The results demonstrate that the timing of the minimum permafrost area lags the maximum CO _2 concentration for decades, which is also observed in soil temperatures at different depths and active layer thicknesses (ALTs). When the CO _2 concentration is reversed to the preindustrial level, the permafrost area decreases by ∼12% relative to the initial conditions, together with additional warming in the ground temperature at the top of the permafrost, indicating the hysteresis of permafrost to CO _2 removal. The most profound hysteretic responses occur at high latitudes for soil temperatures owing to Arctic amplification and at the southern margins of the permafrost zones for permafrost and ALT that largely linked to the climate state. Moreover, the sensitivity of permafrost and the associated thermodynamic factors to CO _2 change is generally lower during the CO _2 ramp-down phase than during the ramp-up phase, likely due to the release of stored heat on land. The results reveal the behaviour of permafrost in response to negative carbon emissions, which is informative for the projections of permafrost towards carbon neutral targets. In addition, the results may provide a reference for permafrost-related tipping points (e.g. releasing long-term stored greenhouse gases and destabilising recalcitrant soil carbon) and risk management in the future. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ting Wei Yueli Chen Hui Wang |
author_facet |
Ting Wei Yueli Chen Hui Wang |
author_sort |
Ting Wei |
title |
Hysteresis of Northern Hemisphere permafrost to carbon dioxide emissions |
title_short |
Hysteresis of Northern Hemisphere permafrost to carbon dioxide emissions |
title_full |
Hysteresis of Northern Hemisphere permafrost to carbon dioxide emissions |
title_fullStr |
Hysteresis of Northern Hemisphere permafrost to carbon dioxide emissions |
title_full_unstemmed |
Hysteresis of Northern Hemisphere permafrost to carbon dioxide emissions |
title_sort |
hysteresis of northern hemisphere permafrost to carbon dioxide emissions |
publisher |
IOP Publishing |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad69a6 https://doaj.org/article/50daa611ec244e45b19df581a73007d7 |
genre |
Global warming permafrost |
genre_facet |
Global warming permafrost |
op_source |
Environmental Research Letters, Vol 19, Iss 9, p 094032 (2024) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad69a6 https://doaj.org/toc/1748-9326 doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ad69a6 1748-9326 https://doaj.org/article/50daa611ec244e45b19df581a73007d7 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad69a6 |
container_title |
Environmental Research Letters |
container_volume |
19 |
container_issue |
9 |
container_start_page |
094032 |
_version_ |
1810445491443335168 |