Biodiversity and Species Change in the Arctic Ocean: A View Through the Lens of Nares Strait

Nares Strait is the northern most outflow gateway of the Arctic Ocean, with a direct connection to the remaining multi-year ice covered central Arctic Ocean. Nares Strait itself flows into the historically highly productive North Water Polynya (Pikialasorsuaq). Satellite data show that Nares Strait...

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Published in:Frontiers in Marine Science
Main Authors: Dimitri Kalenitchenko, Nathalie Joli, Marianne Potvin, Jean-Éric Tremblay, Connie Lovejoy
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019
Subjects:
Q
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00479
https://doaj.org/article/4da06defeb5c4dbc8a915459f2d73676
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spelling ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:4da06defeb5c4dbc8a915459f2d73676 2023-05-15T14:51:14+02:00 Biodiversity and Species Change in the Arctic Ocean: A View Through the Lens of Nares Strait Dimitri Kalenitchenko Nathalie Joli Marianne Potvin Jean-Éric Tremblay Connie Lovejoy 2019-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00479 https://doaj.org/article/4da06defeb5c4dbc8a915459f2d73676 EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2019.00479/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00479 https://doaj.org/article/4da06defeb5c4dbc8a915459f2d73676 Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 6 (2019) marine microbial eukaryotes pan-Arctic biome Phaeocystis North Water Polynya diatoms (Bacillariophyta) ice loss Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00479 2022-12-31T01:00:09Z Nares Strait is the northern most outflow gateway of the Arctic Ocean, with a direct connection to the remaining multi-year ice covered central Arctic Ocean. Nares Strait itself flows into the historically highly productive North Water Polynya (Pikialasorsuaq). Satellite data show that Nares Strait ice is retreating earlier in the season. The early season surface chlorophyll signal, which was a characteristic of the North Water, has also moved north into Nares Strait. However, given the vast differences in the hydrography and physical oceanographic structure of the North Water and Nares Strait there is no a priori reason to assume that the species assemblages and overall productivity of this region between Greenland and Canada will be maintained in the face of ongoing sea ice decline. The North Water’s high marine mammal and bird populations are dependent on seasonally persistent diatom dominated phytoplankton productivity, and although there have been several studies on North Water phytoplankton, virtually nothing is known about the communities in Nares Strait. Here we investigated the microbial eukaryotes, including phytoplankton in Nares Strait using high-throughput amplicon sequencing. Samples were collected from Kennedy Channel below the northern ice edge of Nares Strait through the Kane Basin and into the northern limit of the North Water. The physical oceanographic structure and initial community rapidly changed between the faster flowing Kennedy Channel and the comparatively wider shallower Kane Basin. The community changes were evident in both the upper euphotic zone and the deeper aphotic zone. Heterotrophic taxa were found in the deeper waters along with ice algae that would have originated further to the north following release from the ice. Although there was a high proportion of pan-Arctic species throughout, the Nares Strait system showed little in common with the Northern North Water station, suggesting a lack of connectivity. We surmise that a direct displacement of the rich North Water ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Ocean Central Arctic Greenland ice algae Kane Basin Kennedy channel Nares strait Phytoplankton Sea ice Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Arctic Ocean Canada Greenland Nares ENVELOPE(158.167,158.167,-81.450,-81.450) Kane ENVELOPE(-63.038,-63.038,-73.952,-73.952) Kennedy Channel ENVELOPE(-66.139,-66.139,80.919,80.919) Frontiers in Marine Science 6
institution Open Polar
collection Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles
op_collection_id ftdoajarticles
language English
topic marine microbial eukaryotes
pan-Arctic biome
Phaeocystis
North Water Polynya
diatoms (Bacillariophyta)
ice loss
Science
Q
General. Including nature conservation
geographical distribution
QH1-199.5
spellingShingle marine microbial eukaryotes
pan-Arctic biome
Phaeocystis
North Water Polynya
diatoms (Bacillariophyta)
ice loss
Science
Q
General. Including nature conservation
geographical distribution
QH1-199.5
Dimitri Kalenitchenko
Nathalie Joli
Marianne Potvin
Jean-Éric Tremblay
Connie Lovejoy
Biodiversity and Species Change in the Arctic Ocean: A View Through the Lens of Nares Strait
topic_facet marine microbial eukaryotes
pan-Arctic biome
Phaeocystis
North Water Polynya
diatoms (Bacillariophyta)
ice loss
Science
Q
General. Including nature conservation
geographical distribution
QH1-199.5
description Nares Strait is the northern most outflow gateway of the Arctic Ocean, with a direct connection to the remaining multi-year ice covered central Arctic Ocean. Nares Strait itself flows into the historically highly productive North Water Polynya (Pikialasorsuaq). Satellite data show that Nares Strait ice is retreating earlier in the season. The early season surface chlorophyll signal, which was a characteristic of the North Water, has also moved north into Nares Strait. However, given the vast differences in the hydrography and physical oceanographic structure of the North Water and Nares Strait there is no a priori reason to assume that the species assemblages and overall productivity of this region between Greenland and Canada will be maintained in the face of ongoing sea ice decline. The North Water’s high marine mammal and bird populations are dependent on seasonally persistent diatom dominated phytoplankton productivity, and although there have been several studies on North Water phytoplankton, virtually nothing is known about the communities in Nares Strait. Here we investigated the microbial eukaryotes, including phytoplankton in Nares Strait using high-throughput amplicon sequencing. Samples were collected from Kennedy Channel below the northern ice edge of Nares Strait through the Kane Basin and into the northern limit of the North Water. The physical oceanographic structure and initial community rapidly changed between the faster flowing Kennedy Channel and the comparatively wider shallower Kane Basin. The community changes were evident in both the upper euphotic zone and the deeper aphotic zone. Heterotrophic taxa were found in the deeper waters along with ice algae that would have originated further to the north following release from the ice. Although there was a high proportion of pan-Arctic species throughout, the Nares Strait system showed little in common with the Northern North Water station, suggesting a lack of connectivity. We surmise that a direct displacement of the rich North Water ...
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author Dimitri Kalenitchenko
Nathalie Joli
Marianne Potvin
Jean-Éric Tremblay
Connie Lovejoy
author_facet Dimitri Kalenitchenko
Nathalie Joli
Marianne Potvin
Jean-Éric Tremblay
Connie Lovejoy
author_sort Dimitri Kalenitchenko
title Biodiversity and Species Change in the Arctic Ocean: A View Through the Lens of Nares Strait
title_short Biodiversity and Species Change in the Arctic Ocean: A View Through the Lens of Nares Strait
title_full Biodiversity and Species Change in the Arctic Ocean: A View Through the Lens of Nares Strait
title_fullStr Biodiversity and Species Change in the Arctic Ocean: A View Through the Lens of Nares Strait
title_full_unstemmed Biodiversity and Species Change in the Arctic Ocean: A View Through the Lens of Nares Strait
title_sort biodiversity and species change in the arctic ocean: a view through the lens of nares strait
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate 2019
url https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00479
https://doaj.org/article/4da06defeb5c4dbc8a915459f2d73676
long_lat ENVELOPE(158.167,158.167,-81.450,-81.450)
ENVELOPE(-63.038,-63.038,-73.952,-73.952)
ENVELOPE(-66.139,-66.139,80.919,80.919)
geographic Arctic
Arctic Ocean
Canada
Greenland
Nares
Kane
Kennedy Channel
geographic_facet Arctic
Arctic Ocean
Canada
Greenland
Nares
Kane
Kennedy Channel
genre Arctic
Arctic Ocean
Central Arctic
Greenland
ice algae
Kane Basin
Kennedy channel
Nares strait
Phytoplankton
Sea ice
genre_facet Arctic
Arctic Ocean
Central Arctic
Greenland
ice algae
Kane Basin
Kennedy channel
Nares strait
Phytoplankton
Sea ice
op_source Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 6 (2019)
op_relation https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2019.00479/full
https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745
2296-7745
doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00479
https://doaj.org/article/4da06defeb5c4dbc8a915459f2d73676
op_doi https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00479
container_title Frontiers in Marine Science
container_volume 6
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