The Resistance to Lethal Challenge with Ostreid herpesvirus-1 of Pacific Oysters ( Crassostrea gigas ) Previously Exposed to This Virus
Pacific oyster ( Crassostrea gigas ) aquaculture has been economically impacted in many countries by Pacific oyster mortality syndrome (POMS), a disease initiated by Ostreid herpesvirus 1 . The objectives of this study were to determine whether naturally exposed, adult C. gigas could act as reservoi...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:4d7dd93c585e405193cb2362222a3188 2023-09-26T15:17:24+02:00 The Resistance to Lethal Challenge with Ostreid herpesvirus-1 of Pacific Oysters ( Crassostrea gigas ) Previously Exposed to This Virus Olivia M. Liu Paul M. Hick Richard J. Whittington 2023-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/v15081706 https://doaj.org/article/4d7dd93c585e405193cb2362222a3188 EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/15/8/1706 https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4915 doi:10.3390/v15081706 1999-4915 https://doaj.org/article/4d7dd93c585e405193cb2362222a3188 Viruses, Vol 15, Iss 1706, p 1706 (2023) Ostreid herpesvirus immunity resistance susceptibility carrier state reactivation Microbiology QR1-502 article 2023 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/v15081706 2023-08-27T00:34:39Z Pacific oyster ( Crassostrea gigas ) aquaculture has been economically impacted in many countries by Pacific oyster mortality syndrome (POMS), a disease initiated by Ostreid herpesvirus 1 . The objectives of this study were to determine whether naturally exposed, adult C. gigas could act as reservoirs for OsHV-1 and explain the recurrent seasonal outbreaks of POMS and to test whether or not they were resistant to OsHV-1. In a laboratory infection experiment using thermal shock, OsHV-1 replication was not reactivated within the tissues of such oysters and the virus was not transmitted to naïve cohabitating spat. The adult oysters were resistant to intramuscular injection with a lethal dose of OsHV-1 and had 118 times lower risk of mortality than naïve oysters. Considered together with the results of other studies in C. gigas , natural exposure or laboratory exposure to OsHV-1 may result in immunity during subsequent exposure events, either in the natural environment or the laboratory. While adult C. gigas can carry OsHV-1 infection for lengthy periods, reactivation of viral replication leading to mortality and transmission of the virus to naïve oysters may require specific conditions that were not present in the current experiment. Further investigation is required to evaluate the mechanisms responsible for resistance to disease in oysters previously exposed to OsHV-1, whether immunity can be exploited commercially to prevent POMS outbreaks and to determine the source of the virus for recurrent seasonal outbreaks. Article in Journal/Newspaper Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Pacific Viruses 15 8 1706 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Ostreid herpesvirus immunity resistance susceptibility carrier state reactivation Microbiology QR1-502 |
spellingShingle |
Ostreid herpesvirus immunity resistance susceptibility carrier state reactivation Microbiology QR1-502 Olivia M. Liu Paul M. Hick Richard J. Whittington The Resistance to Lethal Challenge with Ostreid herpesvirus-1 of Pacific Oysters ( Crassostrea gigas ) Previously Exposed to This Virus |
topic_facet |
Ostreid herpesvirus immunity resistance susceptibility carrier state reactivation Microbiology QR1-502 |
description |
Pacific oyster ( Crassostrea gigas ) aquaculture has been economically impacted in many countries by Pacific oyster mortality syndrome (POMS), a disease initiated by Ostreid herpesvirus 1 . The objectives of this study were to determine whether naturally exposed, adult C. gigas could act as reservoirs for OsHV-1 and explain the recurrent seasonal outbreaks of POMS and to test whether or not they were resistant to OsHV-1. In a laboratory infection experiment using thermal shock, OsHV-1 replication was not reactivated within the tissues of such oysters and the virus was not transmitted to naïve cohabitating spat. The adult oysters were resistant to intramuscular injection with a lethal dose of OsHV-1 and had 118 times lower risk of mortality than naïve oysters. Considered together with the results of other studies in C. gigas , natural exposure or laboratory exposure to OsHV-1 may result in immunity during subsequent exposure events, either in the natural environment or the laboratory. While adult C. gigas can carry OsHV-1 infection for lengthy periods, reactivation of viral replication leading to mortality and transmission of the virus to naïve oysters may require specific conditions that were not present in the current experiment. Further investigation is required to evaluate the mechanisms responsible for resistance to disease in oysters previously exposed to OsHV-1, whether immunity can be exploited commercially to prevent POMS outbreaks and to determine the source of the virus for recurrent seasonal outbreaks. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Olivia M. Liu Paul M. Hick Richard J. Whittington |
author_facet |
Olivia M. Liu Paul M. Hick Richard J. Whittington |
author_sort |
Olivia M. Liu |
title |
The Resistance to Lethal Challenge with Ostreid herpesvirus-1 of Pacific Oysters ( Crassostrea gigas ) Previously Exposed to This Virus |
title_short |
The Resistance to Lethal Challenge with Ostreid herpesvirus-1 of Pacific Oysters ( Crassostrea gigas ) Previously Exposed to This Virus |
title_full |
The Resistance to Lethal Challenge with Ostreid herpesvirus-1 of Pacific Oysters ( Crassostrea gigas ) Previously Exposed to This Virus |
title_fullStr |
The Resistance to Lethal Challenge with Ostreid herpesvirus-1 of Pacific Oysters ( Crassostrea gigas ) Previously Exposed to This Virus |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Resistance to Lethal Challenge with Ostreid herpesvirus-1 of Pacific Oysters ( Crassostrea gigas ) Previously Exposed to This Virus |
title_sort |
resistance to lethal challenge with ostreid herpesvirus-1 of pacific oysters ( crassostrea gigas ) previously exposed to this virus |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/v15081706 https://doaj.org/article/4d7dd93c585e405193cb2362222a3188 |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster |
genre_facet |
Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster |
op_source |
Viruses, Vol 15, Iss 1706, p 1706 (2023) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/15/8/1706 https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4915 doi:10.3390/v15081706 1999-4915 https://doaj.org/article/4d7dd93c585e405193cb2362222a3188 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/v15081706 |
container_title |
Viruses |
container_volume |
15 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
1706 |
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1778138862796668928 |