Multi-locus genotyping reveals established endemicity of a geographically distinct Plasmodium vivax population in Mauritania, West Africa.
Background Plasmodium vivax has been recently discovered as a significant cause of malaria in Mauritania, although very rare elsewhere in West Africa. It has not been known if this is a recently introduced or locally remnant parasite population, nor whether the genetic structure reflects epidemic or...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:4d734959406642b8995cd4fde30c5328 2023-05-15T15:11:45+02:00 Multi-locus genotyping reveals established endemicity of a geographically distinct Plasmodium vivax population in Mauritania, West Africa. Hampate Ba Sarah Auburn Christopher G Jacob Sonia Goncalves Craig W Duffy Lindsay B Stewart Ric N Price Yacine Boubou Deh Mamadou Yero Diallo Abderahmane Tandia Dominic P Kwiatkowski David J Conway 2020-12-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008945 https://doaj.org/article/4d734959406642b8995cd4fde30c5328 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008945 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008945 https://doaj.org/article/4d734959406642b8995cd4fde30c5328 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 14, Iss 12, p e0008945 (2020) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008945 2023-01-15T01:24:57Z Background Plasmodium vivax has been recently discovered as a significant cause of malaria in Mauritania, although very rare elsewhere in West Africa. It has not been known if this is a recently introduced or locally remnant parasite population, nor whether the genetic structure reflects epidemic or endemic transmission. Methodology/principal findings To investigate the P. vivax population genetic structure in Mauritania and compare with populations previously analysed elsewhere, multi-locus genotyping was undertaken on 100 clinical isolates, using a genome-wide panel of 38 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), plus seven SNPs in drug resistance genes. The Mauritanian P. vivax population is shown to be genetically diverse and divergent from populations elsewhere, indicated consistently by genetic distance matrix analysis, principal components analyses, and fixation indices. Only one isolate had a genotype clearly indicating recent importation, from a southeast Asian source. There was no linkage disequilibrium in the local parasite population, and only a small number of infections appeared to be closely genetically related, indicating that there is ongoing genetic recombination consistent with endemic transmission. The P. vivax diversity in a remote mining town was similar to that in the capital Nouakchott, with no indication of local substructure or of epidemic population structure. Drug resistance alleles were virtually absent in Mauritania, in contrast with P. vivax in other areas of the world. Conclusions/significance The molecular epidemiology indicates that there is long-standing endemic transmission that will be very challenging to eliminate. The virtual absence of drug resistance alleles suggests that most infections have been untreated, and that this endemic infection has been more neglected in comparison to P. vivax elsewhere. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 14 12 e0008945 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Hampate Ba Sarah Auburn Christopher G Jacob Sonia Goncalves Craig W Duffy Lindsay B Stewart Ric N Price Yacine Boubou Deh Mamadou Yero Diallo Abderahmane Tandia Dominic P Kwiatkowski David J Conway Multi-locus genotyping reveals established endemicity of a geographically distinct Plasmodium vivax population in Mauritania, West Africa. |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Background Plasmodium vivax has been recently discovered as a significant cause of malaria in Mauritania, although very rare elsewhere in West Africa. It has not been known if this is a recently introduced or locally remnant parasite population, nor whether the genetic structure reflects epidemic or endemic transmission. Methodology/principal findings To investigate the P. vivax population genetic structure in Mauritania and compare with populations previously analysed elsewhere, multi-locus genotyping was undertaken on 100 clinical isolates, using a genome-wide panel of 38 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), plus seven SNPs in drug resistance genes. The Mauritanian P. vivax population is shown to be genetically diverse and divergent from populations elsewhere, indicated consistently by genetic distance matrix analysis, principal components analyses, and fixation indices. Only one isolate had a genotype clearly indicating recent importation, from a southeast Asian source. There was no linkage disequilibrium in the local parasite population, and only a small number of infections appeared to be closely genetically related, indicating that there is ongoing genetic recombination consistent with endemic transmission. The P. vivax diversity in a remote mining town was similar to that in the capital Nouakchott, with no indication of local substructure or of epidemic population structure. Drug resistance alleles were virtually absent in Mauritania, in contrast with P. vivax in other areas of the world. Conclusions/significance The molecular epidemiology indicates that there is long-standing endemic transmission that will be very challenging to eliminate. The virtual absence of drug resistance alleles suggests that most infections have been untreated, and that this endemic infection has been more neglected in comparison to P. vivax elsewhere. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hampate Ba Sarah Auburn Christopher G Jacob Sonia Goncalves Craig W Duffy Lindsay B Stewart Ric N Price Yacine Boubou Deh Mamadou Yero Diallo Abderahmane Tandia Dominic P Kwiatkowski David J Conway |
author_facet |
Hampate Ba Sarah Auburn Christopher G Jacob Sonia Goncalves Craig W Duffy Lindsay B Stewart Ric N Price Yacine Boubou Deh Mamadou Yero Diallo Abderahmane Tandia Dominic P Kwiatkowski David J Conway |
author_sort |
Hampate Ba |
title |
Multi-locus genotyping reveals established endemicity of a geographically distinct Plasmodium vivax population in Mauritania, West Africa. |
title_short |
Multi-locus genotyping reveals established endemicity of a geographically distinct Plasmodium vivax population in Mauritania, West Africa. |
title_full |
Multi-locus genotyping reveals established endemicity of a geographically distinct Plasmodium vivax population in Mauritania, West Africa. |
title_fullStr |
Multi-locus genotyping reveals established endemicity of a geographically distinct Plasmodium vivax population in Mauritania, West Africa. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Multi-locus genotyping reveals established endemicity of a geographically distinct Plasmodium vivax population in Mauritania, West Africa. |
title_sort |
multi-locus genotyping reveals established endemicity of a geographically distinct plasmodium vivax population in mauritania, west africa. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008945 https://doaj.org/article/4d734959406642b8995cd4fde30c5328 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 14, Iss 12, p e0008945 (2020) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008945 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008945 https://doaj.org/article/4d734959406642b8995cd4fde30c5328 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008945 |
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PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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14 |
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12 |
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e0008945 |
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