Epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in Georgia.
This study investigated the transmission and prevalence of Leishmania parasite infection of humans in two foci of Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) in Georgia, the well known focus in Tbilisi in the East, and in Kutaisi, a new focus in the West of the country. The seroprevalence of canine leishmaniasis wa...
Published in: | PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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2014
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002725 https://doaj.org/article/4d71d2bc7cd340fa8fbf28f621affdc4 |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:4d71d2bc7cd340fa8fbf28f621affdc4 2023-05-15T15:16:28+02:00 Epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in Georgia. Giorgi Babuadze Jorge Alvar Daniel Argaw Harry P de Koning Merab Iosava Merab Kekelidze Nikoloz Tsertsvadze David Tsereteli Giorgi Chakhunashvili Tamar Mamatsashvili Nino Beria Irine Kalandadze Mikhail Ejov Paata Imnadze 2014-03-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002725 https://doaj.org/article/4d71d2bc7cd340fa8fbf28f621affdc4 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3945224?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002725 https://doaj.org/article/4d71d2bc7cd340fa8fbf28f621affdc4 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 8, Iss 3, p e2725 (2014) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2014 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002725 2022-12-31T14:05:25Z This study investigated the transmission and prevalence of Leishmania parasite infection of humans in two foci of Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) in Georgia, the well known focus in Tbilisi in the East, and in Kutaisi, a new focus in the West of the country. The seroprevalence of canine leishmaniasis was investigated in order to understand the zoonotic transmission. Blood samples of 1575 dogs (stray and pet) and 77 wild canids were tested for VL by Kalazar Detect rK39 rapid diagnostic tests. Three districts were investigated in Tbilisi and one in Kutaisi. The highest proportions of seropositive pet dogs were present in District #2 (28.1%, 82/292) and District #1 (26.9%, 24/89) in Tbilisi, compared to 17.3% (26/150) of pet dogs in Kutaisi. The percentage of seropositive stray dogs was also twice as high in Tbilisi (16.1%, n = 670) than in Kutaisi (8%, n = 50); only 2/58 wild animals screened were seropositive (2. 6%). A total of 873 Phlebotomine sand flies were collected, with 5 different species identified in Tbilisi and 3 species in Kutaisi; 2.3% of the females were positive for Leishmania parasites. The Leishmanin Skin Test (LST) was performed on 981 human subjects in VL foci in urban areas in Tbilisi and Kutaisi. A particularly high prevalence of LST positives was observed in Tbilisi District #1 (22.2%, 37.5% and 19.5% for ages 5-9, 15-24 and 25-59, respectively); lower prevalence was observed in Kutaisi (0%, 3.2% and 5.2%, respectively; P<0.05). This study shows that Tbilisi is an active focus for leishmaniasis and that the infection prevalence is very high in dogs and in humans. Although exposure is as yet not as high in Kutaisi, this is a new VL focus. The overall situation in the country is alarming and new control measures are urgently needed. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Tbilisi ENVELOPE(80.581,80.581,72.391,72.391) PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 8 3 e2725 |
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Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Giorgi Babuadze Jorge Alvar Daniel Argaw Harry P de Koning Merab Iosava Merab Kekelidze Nikoloz Tsertsvadze David Tsereteli Giorgi Chakhunashvili Tamar Mamatsashvili Nino Beria Irine Kalandadze Mikhail Ejov Paata Imnadze Epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in Georgia. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
This study investigated the transmission and prevalence of Leishmania parasite infection of humans in two foci of Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) in Georgia, the well known focus in Tbilisi in the East, and in Kutaisi, a new focus in the West of the country. The seroprevalence of canine leishmaniasis was investigated in order to understand the zoonotic transmission. Blood samples of 1575 dogs (stray and pet) and 77 wild canids were tested for VL by Kalazar Detect rK39 rapid diagnostic tests. Three districts were investigated in Tbilisi and one in Kutaisi. The highest proportions of seropositive pet dogs were present in District #2 (28.1%, 82/292) and District #1 (26.9%, 24/89) in Tbilisi, compared to 17.3% (26/150) of pet dogs in Kutaisi. The percentage of seropositive stray dogs was also twice as high in Tbilisi (16.1%, n = 670) than in Kutaisi (8%, n = 50); only 2/58 wild animals screened were seropositive (2. 6%). A total of 873 Phlebotomine sand flies were collected, with 5 different species identified in Tbilisi and 3 species in Kutaisi; 2.3% of the females were positive for Leishmania parasites. The Leishmanin Skin Test (LST) was performed on 981 human subjects in VL foci in urban areas in Tbilisi and Kutaisi. A particularly high prevalence of LST positives was observed in Tbilisi District #1 (22.2%, 37.5% and 19.5% for ages 5-9, 15-24 and 25-59, respectively); lower prevalence was observed in Kutaisi (0%, 3.2% and 5.2%, respectively; P<0.05). This study shows that Tbilisi is an active focus for leishmaniasis and that the infection prevalence is very high in dogs and in humans. Although exposure is as yet not as high in Kutaisi, this is a new VL focus. The overall situation in the country is alarming and new control measures are urgently needed. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Giorgi Babuadze Jorge Alvar Daniel Argaw Harry P de Koning Merab Iosava Merab Kekelidze Nikoloz Tsertsvadze David Tsereteli Giorgi Chakhunashvili Tamar Mamatsashvili Nino Beria Irine Kalandadze Mikhail Ejov Paata Imnadze |
author_facet |
Giorgi Babuadze Jorge Alvar Daniel Argaw Harry P de Koning Merab Iosava Merab Kekelidze Nikoloz Tsertsvadze David Tsereteli Giorgi Chakhunashvili Tamar Mamatsashvili Nino Beria Irine Kalandadze Mikhail Ejov Paata Imnadze |
author_sort |
Giorgi Babuadze |
title |
Epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in Georgia. |
title_short |
Epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in Georgia. |
title_full |
Epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in Georgia. |
title_fullStr |
Epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in Georgia. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in Georgia. |
title_sort |
epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in georgia. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002725 https://doaj.org/article/4d71d2bc7cd340fa8fbf28f621affdc4 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(80.581,80.581,72.391,72.391) |
geographic |
Arctic Tbilisi |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Tbilisi |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 8, Iss 3, p e2725 (2014) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3945224?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002725 https://doaj.org/article/4d71d2bc7cd340fa8fbf28f621affdc4 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002725 |
container_title |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
8 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
e2725 |
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1766346769800626176 |