Biogeographical note on Antarctic microflorae: Endemism and cosmopolitanism
This study deals with the biogeography of Antarctic microflora (Antarctica acts as best model to study microbial biogeography) such as cyanobacteria and selected halophiles with special emphasis on Halomonas variabilis and Bacillus licheniformis. Halophiles are known to be resistant not only to salt...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:4ccd62fb6e474380bf872e5fd5a97700 2023-10-09T21:45:59+02:00 Biogeographical note on Antarctic microflorae: Endemism and cosmopolitanism Waqar Azeem Jadoon Ryosuke Nakai Takeshi Naganuma 2013-11-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2012.11.002 https://doaj.org/article/4ccd62fb6e474380bf872e5fd5a97700 EN eng Elsevier http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987112001284 https://doaj.org/toc/1674-9871 1674-9871 doi:10.1016/j.gsf.2012.11.002 https://doaj.org/article/4ccd62fb6e474380bf872e5fd5a97700 Geoscience Frontiers, Vol 4, Iss 6, Pp 633-646 (2013) Biogeography Cyanobacteria Halophilic bacteria 16S rRNA Molecular phylogeny Geology QE1-996.5 article 2013 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2012.11.002 2023-09-10T00:49:50Z This study deals with the biogeography of Antarctic microflora (Antarctica acts as best model to study microbial biogeography) such as cyanobacteria and selected halophiles with special emphasis on Halomonas variabilis and Bacillus licheniformis. Halophiles are known to be resistant not only to salt stress, but also to extreme temperature, pressure, and aridity and they are capable of surviving in harsh environments such as polar regions, deep-sea habitats, and deserts. Many microbes are known to be resistant to hostile environmental conditions, and are capable of surviving in harsh environments. Our group has isolated 444 strains belonging to 28 genera of halophiles from various environments around the world. The 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that many of the isolated strains from geographically distant habitats having different environmental conditions, were closely related to each other, with some strains possessing 100% identical sequences. Organisms possessing survival mechanism such as spore formation are usually ubiquitous. The genus Halomonas is represented by potentially endemic strains and the ubiquitous H. variabilis, while spore-forming B. licheniformis showed cosmopolitan distribution. One potentially endemic (moderate endemicity that is regional and/or continental distribution) strain was reported from Syowa station, East Antarctica, and Mario Zucchelli station, West Antarctica, which are geographically separated by 3000 km. Moreover, 15 strains having 100% similarity with B. licheniformis were considered cosmopolitans. The results of this work provide support for the middle-ground model that some microbes have moderate endemicity and others have cosmopolitan distribution. These results will contribute to a greater understanding of microbial biogeography with special emphasis on Antarctica. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica East Antarctica West Antarctica Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Antarctic East Antarctica Mario Zucchelli ENVELOPE(164.123,164.123,-74.695,-74.695) Mario Zucchelli Station ENVELOPE(164.117,164.117,-74.700,-74.700) Middle Ground ENVELOPE(-55.715,-55.715,53.317,53.317) Syowa Station The Middle Ground ENVELOPE(-56.498,-56.498,50.233,50.233) West Antarctica Geoscience Frontiers 4 6 633 646 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Biogeography Cyanobacteria Halophilic bacteria 16S rRNA Molecular phylogeny Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Biogeography Cyanobacteria Halophilic bacteria 16S rRNA Molecular phylogeny Geology QE1-996.5 Waqar Azeem Jadoon Ryosuke Nakai Takeshi Naganuma Biogeographical note on Antarctic microflorae: Endemism and cosmopolitanism |
topic_facet |
Biogeography Cyanobacteria Halophilic bacteria 16S rRNA Molecular phylogeny Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
This study deals with the biogeography of Antarctic microflora (Antarctica acts as best model to study microbial biogeography) such as cyanobacteria and selected halophiles with special emphasis on Halomonas variabilis and Bacillus licheniformis. Halophiles are known to be resistant not only to salt stress, but also to extreme temperature, pressure, and aridity and they are capable of surviving in harsh environments such as polar regions, deep-sea habitats, and deserts. Many microbes are known to be resistant to hostile environmental conditions, and are capable of surviving in harsh environments. Our group has isolated 444 strains belonging to 28 genera of halophiles from various environments around the world. The 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that many of the isolated strains from geographically distant habitats having different environmental conditions, were closely related to each other, with some strains possessing 100% identical sequences. Organisms possessing survival mechanism such as spore formation are usually ubiquitous. The genus Halomonas is represented by potentially endemic strains and the ubiquitous H. variabilis, while spore-forming B. licheniformis showed cosmopolitan distribution. One potentially endemic (moderate endemicity that is regional and/or continental distribution) strain was reported from Syowa station, East Antarctica, and Mario Zucchelli station, West Antarctica, which are geographically separated by 3000 km. Moreover, 15 strains having 100% similarity with B. licheniformis were considered cosmopolitans. The results of this work provide support for the middle-ground model that some microbes have moderate endemicity and others have cosmopolitan distribution. These results will contribute to a greater understanding of microbial biogeography with special emphasis on Antarctica. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Waqar Azeem Jadoon Ryosuke Nakai Takeshi Naganuma |
author_facet |
Waqar Azeem Jadoon Ryosuke Nakai Takeshi Naganuma |
author_sort |
Waqar Azeem Jadoon |
title |
Biogeographical note on Antarctic microflorae: Endemism and cosmopolitanism |
title_short |
Biogeographical note on Antarctic microflorae: Endemism and cosmopolitanism |
title_full |
Biogeographical note on Antarctic microflorae: Endemism and cosmopolitanism |
title_fullStr |
Biogeographical note on Antarctic microflorae: Endemism and cosmopolitanism |
title_full_unstemmed |
Biogeographical note on Antarctic microflorae: Endemism and cosmopolitanism |
title_sort |
biogeographical note on antarctic microflorae: endemism and cosmopolitanism |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2012.11.002 https://doaj.org/article/4ccd62fb6e474380bf872e5fd5a97700 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(164.123,164.123,-74.695,-74.695) ENVELOPE(164.117,164.117,-74.700,-74.700) ENVELOPE(-55.715,-55.715,53.317,53.317) ENVELOPE(-56.498,-56.498,50.233,50.233) |
geographic |
Antarctic East Antarctica Mario Zucchelli Mario Zucchelli Station Middle Ground Syowa Station The Middle Ground West Antarctica |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic East Antarctica Mario Zucchelli Mario Zucchelli Station Middle Ground Syowa Station The Middle Ground West Antarctica |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica East Antarctica West Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica East Antarctica West Antarctica |
op_source |
Geoscience Frontiers, Vol 4, Iss 6, Pp 633-646 (2013) |
op_relation |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987112001284 https://doaj.org/toc/1674-9871 1674-9871 doi:10.1016/j.gsf.2012.11.002 https://doaj.org/article/4ccd62fb6e474380bf872e5fd5a97700 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2012.11.002 |
container_title |
Geoscience Frontiers |
container_volume |
4 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
633 |
op_container_end_page |
646 |
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1779321641886547968 |