Impact of school-based malaria intervention on primary school teachers’ time in Malawi: evidence from a time and motion study
Abstract Background School-based health (SBH) programmes that are contingent on primary school teachers are options to increase access to malaria treatment among learners. However, perceptions that provision of healthcare by teachers may be detrimental to teaching activities can undermine efforts to...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:4cc3e811524c4868af3207ca1bd865b8 2023-05-15T15:17:38+02:00 Impact of school-based malaria intervention on primary school teachers’ time in Malawi: evidence from a time and motion study Jobiba Chinkhumba Victor Kadzinje Gomezgani Jenda Michael Kayange Don P. Mathanga 2022-10-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-022-04324-1 https://doaj.org/article/4cc3e811524c4868af3207ca1bd865b8 EN eng BMC https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-022-04324-1 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/s12936-022-04324-1 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/4cc3e811524c4868af3207ca1bd865b8 Malaria Journal, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2022) School-based health Time and motion study Learner Treatment Kit Malaria Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-022-04324-1 2022-12-30T23:05:22Z Abstract Background School-based health (SBH) programmes that are contingent on primary school teachers are options to increase access to malaria treatment among learners. However, perceptions that provision of healthcare by teachers may be detrimental to teaching activities can undermine efforts to scale up school-based malaria control. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of school-based malaria diagnosis and treatment using the Learner Treatment Kit (LTK) on teachers’ time. Methods A time and motion study was conducted in 10 primary schools in rural Malawi. Teachers who had been trained to diagnose and treat uncomplicated malaria were continuously observed in real time during school sessions and the time they spent on all activities were recorded by independent observers before and after LTK implementation. A structured form, programmed digitally, was used for data collection. Paired sample t-tests were used to assess pre-post differences in average hours teachers spent on the following key activities: direct teaching; indirect teaching; administration; LTK and non-teaching tasks. Multivariable repeated measures mixed regression models were used to ascertain impact of LTK on average durations teachers spent on the key activities. Results Seventy-four teachers, trained to use LTK, were observed. Their mean age and years of teaching experience were 34.7 and 8.7, respectively. Overall, 739.8 h of teacher observations took place. The average time teachers spent in school before relative to after LTK was 5.8 vs. 4.8 h, p = 0.01. The cumulative percentage of time teachers spent on core teaching activities (teaching and administration) was approximately 76% and did not change substantially before and after LTK. Some 24.3% of teachers’ time is spent on non-teaching activities. On average, teachers spent 2.9% of their time providing LTK services daily. Per day, each teacher spent less time on administrative (0.74 vs. 1.07 h, p = 0.02) and non-teaching activities (0.96 vs. 1.41 h, p = 0.01) during LTK ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Malaria Journal 21 1 |
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English |
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School-based health Time and motion study Learner Treatment Kit Malaria Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
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School-based health Time and motion study Learner Treatment Kit Malaria Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Jobiba Chinkhumba Victor Kadzinje Gomezgani Jenda Michael Kayange Don P. Mathanga Impact of school-based malaria intervention on primary school teachers’ time in Malawi: evidence from a time and motion study |
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School-based health Time and motion study Learner Treatment Kit Malaria Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
description |
Abstract Background School-based health (SBH) programmes that are contingent on primary school teachers are options to increase access to malaria treatment among learners. However, perceptions that provision of healthcare by teachers may be detrimental to teaching activities can undermine efforts to scale up school-based malaria control. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of school-based malaria diagnosis and treatment using the Learner Treatment Kit (LTK) on teachers’ time. Methods A time and motion study was conducted in 10 primary schools in rural Malawi. Teachers who had been trained to diagnose and treat uncomplicated malaria were continuously observed in real time during school sessions and the time they spent on all activities were recorded by independent observers before and after LTK implementation. A structured form, programmed digitally, was used for data collection. Paired sample t-tests were used to assess pre-post differences in average hours teachers spent on the following key activities: direct teaching; indirect teaching; administration; LTK and non-teaching tasks. Multivariable repeated measures mixed regression models were used to ascertain impact of LTK on average durations teachers spent on the key activities. Results Seventy-four teachers, trained to use LTK, were observed. Their mean age and years of teaching experience were 34.7 and 8.7, respectively. Overall, 739.8 h of teacher observations took place. The average time teachers spent in school before relative to after LTK was 5.8 vs. 4.8 h, p = 0.01. The cumulative percentage of time teachers spent on core teaching activities (teaching and administration) was approximately 76% and did not change substantially before and after LTK. Some 24.3% of teachers’ time is spent on non-teaching activities. On average, teachers spent 2.9% of their time providing LTK services daily. Per day, each teacher spent less time on administrative (0.74 vs. 1.07 h, p = 0.02) and non-teaching activities (0.96 vs. 1.41 h, p = 0.01) during LTK ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Jobiba Chinkhumba Victor Kadzinje Gomezgani Jenda Michael Kayange Don P. Mathanga |
author_facet |
Jobiba Chinkhumba Victor Kadzinje Gomezgani Jenda Michael Kayange Don P. Mathanga |
author_sort |
Jobiba Chinkhumba |
title |
Impact of school-based malaria intervention on primary school teachers’ time in Malawi: evidence from a time and motion study |
title_short |
Impact of school-based malaria intervention on primary school teachers’ time in Malawi: evidence from a time and motion study |
title_full |
Impact of school-based malaria intervention on primary school teachers’ time in Malawi: evidence from a time and motion study |
title_fullStr |
Impact of school-based malaria intervention on primary school teachers’ time in Malawi: evidence from a time and motion study |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impact of school-based malaria intervention on primary school teachers’ time in Malawi: evidence from a time and motion study |
title_sort |
impact of school-based malaria intervention on primary school teachers’ time in malawi: evidence from a time and motion study |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-022-04324-1 https://doaj.org/article/4cc3e811524c4868af3207ca1bd865b8 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Malaria Journal, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-022-04324-1 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/s12936-022-04324-1 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/4cc3e811524c4868af3207ca1bd865b8 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-022-04324-1 |
container_title |
Malaria Journal |
container_volume |
21 |
container_issue |
1 |
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1766347862735585280 |