Interannual variability (2000–2013) of mesopelagic and bathypelagic particle fluxes in relation to variable sea ice cover in the eastern Fram Strait
The Fram Strait connects the Atlantic and Arctic Oceans and is a key conduit for sea ice advected southward by the Transpolar Drift and northward inflow of warm Atlantic Waters. Continued sea ice decline and “Atlantification” are expected to influence pelagic–benthic coupling in the Fram Strait and...
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2023
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2023.1210213 https://doaj.org/article/4c88c4aa22d44176917d662036bcb24d |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:4c88c4aa22d44176917d662036bcb24d 2023-07-23T04:17:20+02:00 Interannual variability (2000–2013) of mesopelagic and bathypelagic particle fluxes in relation to variable sea ice cover in the eastern Fram Strait I. Salter E. Bauerfeind K. Fahl M. H. Iversen C. Lalande S. Ramondenc W.-J. Von Appen C. Wekerle E.-M. Nöthig 2023-06-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2023.1210213 https://doaj.org/article/4c88c4aa22d44176917d662036bcb24d EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2023.1210213/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-6463 2296-6463 doi:10.3389/feart.2023.1210213 https://doaj.org/article/4c88c4aa22d44176917d662036bcb24d Frontiers in Earth Science, Vol 11 (2023) sediment trap Arctic Fram Strait biological carbon pump bathypelagic sea ice (Arctic) Science Q article 2023 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2023.1210213 2023-07-02T00:36:09Z The Fram Strait connects the Atlantic and Arctic Oceans and is a key conduit for sea ice advected southward by the Transpolar Drift and northward inflow of warm Atlantic Waters. Continued sea ice decline and “Atlantification” are expected to influence pelagic–benthic coupling in the Fram Strait and Arctic as a whole. However, interannual variability and the impact of changing ice conditions on deepwater particle fluxes in the Arctic remain poorly characterized. Here, we present long-term sediment trap records (2000–2013) from mesopelagic (200 m) and bathypelagic (2,300 m) depths at two locations (HGIV and HGN) in the Fram Strait subjected to variable ice conditions. Sediment trap catchment areas were estimated and combined with remote sensing data and a high-resolution model to determine the ice cover, chlorophyll concentration, and prevailing stratification regimes. Surface chlorophyll increased between 2000 and 2013, but there was no corresponding increase in POC flux, suggesting a shift in the efficiency of the biological carbon pump. A decrease in particulate biogenic Si flux, %opal, Si:POC, and Si:PIC at mesopelagic depths indicates a shift away from diatom-dominated export as a feasible explanation. Biogenic components accounted for 72% ± 16% of mass flux at 200 m, but were reduced to 34% ± 11% at 2,300 m, substituted by a residual (lithogenic) material. Total mass fluxes of biogenic components, including POC, were higher in the bathypelagic. Biomarkers and ∂13C values suggest both lateral advection and ice-rafted material contribute to benthic carbon input, although constraining their precise contribution remains challenging. The decadal time series was used to describe two end-members of catchment area conditions representing the maximum temperatures of Atlantic inflow water in 2005 at HGIV and high ice coverage and a meltwater stratification regime at HGN in 2007. Despite similar chlorophyll concentrations, bathypelagic POC flux, Si flux, Si:POC, and Si:PIC were higher and POC:PIC was lower in the ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Fram Strait Sea ice Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Frontiers in Earth Science 11 |
institution |
Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
sediment trap Arctic Fram Strait biological carbon pump bathypelagic sea ice (Arctic) Science Q |
spellingShingle |
sediment trap Arctic Fram Strait biological carbon pump bathypelagic sea ice (Arctic) Science Q I. Salter E. Bauerfeind K. Fahl M. H. Iversen C. Lalande S. Ramondenc W.-J. Von Appen C. Wekerle E.-M. Nöthig Interannual variability (2000–2013) of mesopelagic and bathypelagic particle fluxes in relation to variable sea ice cover in the eastern Fram Strait |
topic_facet |
sediment trap Arctic Fram Strait biological carbon pump bathypelagic sea ice (Arctic) Science Q |
description |
The Fram Strait connects the Atlantic and Arctic Oceans and is a key conduit for sea ice advected southward by the Transpolar Drift and northward inflow of warm Atlantic Waters. Continued sea ice decline and “Atlantification” are expected to influence pelagic–benthic coupling in the Fram Strait and Arctic as a whole. However, interannual variability and the impact of changing ice conditions on deepwater particle fluxes in the Arctic remain poorly characterized. Here, we present long-term sediment trap records (2000–2013) from mesopelagic (200 m) and bathypelagic (2,300 m) depths at two locations (HGIV and HGN) in the Fram Strait subjected to variable ice conditions. Sediment trap catchment areas were estimated and combined with remote sensing data and a high-resolution model to determine the ice cover, chlorophyll concentration, and prevailing stratification regimes. Surface chlorophyll increased between 2000 and 2013, but there was no corresponding increase in POC flux, suggesting a shift in the efficiency of the biological carbon pump. A decrease in particulate biogenic Si flux, %opal, Si:POC, and Si:PIC at mesopelagic depths indicates a shift away from diatom-dominated export as a feasible explanation. Biogenic components accounted for 72% ± 16% of mass flux at 200 m, but were reduced to 34% ± 11% at 2,300 m, substituted by a residual (lithogenic) material. Total mass fluxes of biogenic components, including POC, were higher in the bathypelagic. Biomarkers and ∂13C values suggest both lateral advection and ice-rafted material contribute to benthic carbon input, although constraining their precise contribution remains challenging. The decadal time series was used to describe two end-members of catchment area conditions representing the maximum temperatures of Atlantic inflow water in 2005 at HGIV and high ice coverage and a meltwater stratification regime at HGN in 2007. Despite similar chlorophyll concentrations, bathypelagic POC flux, Si flux, Si:POC, and Si:PIC were higher and POC:PIC was lower in the ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
I. Salter E. Bauerfeind K. Fahl M. H. Iversen C. Lalande S. Ramondenc W.-J. Von Appen C. Wekerle E.-M. Nöthig |
author_facet |
I. Salter E. Bauerfeind K. Fahl M. H. Iversen C. Lalande S. Ramondenc W.-J. Von Appen C. Wekerle E.-M. Nöthig |
author_sort |
I. Salter |
title |
Interannual variability (2000–2013) of mesopelagic and bathypelagic particle fluxes in relation to variable sea ice cover in the eastern Fram Strait |
title_short |
Interannual variability (2000–2013) of mesopelagic and bathypelagic particle fluxes in relation to variable sea ice cover in the eastern Fram Strait |
title_full |
Interannual variability (2000–2013) of mesopelagic and bathypelagic particle fluxes in relation to variable sea ice cover in the eastern Fram Strait |
title_fullStr |
Interannual variability (2000–2013) of mesopelagic and bathypelagic particle fluxes in relation to variable sea ice cover in the eastern Fram Strait |
title_full_unstemmed |
Interannual variability (2000–2013) of mesopelagic and bathypelagic particle fluxes in relation to variable sea ice cover in the eastern Fram Strait |
title_sort |
interannual variability (2000–2013) of mesopelagic and bathypelagic particle fluxes in relation to variable sea ice cover in the eastern fram strait |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2023.1210213 https://doaj.org/article/4c88c4aa22d44176917d662036bcb24d |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Fram Strait Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Fram Strait Sea ice |
op_source |
Frontiers in Earth Science, Vol 11 (2023) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2023.1210213/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-6463 2296-6463 doi:10.3389/feart.2023.1210213 https://doaj.org/article/4c88c4aa22d44176917d662036bcb24d |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2023.1210213 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Earth Science |
container_volume |
11 |
_version_ |
1772178947465805824 |