Variability of Sea-Air Carbon Dioxide Flux in Autumn Across the Weddell Gyre and Offshore Dronning Maud Land in the Southern Ocean
Sea surface fugacity of carbon dioxide (fCO2ssw) was measured across the Weddell gyre and the eastern sector in the Atlantic Southern Ocean in autumn. During the occupation between February and April 2019, the region of the study transect was a potential ocean CO2 sink. A net CO2 flux (FCO2) of −6.2...
Published in: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.614263 https://doaj.org/article/4b709380c9a24ae3aabe23763414a718 |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:4b709380c9a24ae3aabe23763414a718 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:4b709380c9a24ae3aabe23763414a718 2023-05-15T14:01:46+02:00 Variability of Sea-Air Carbon Dioxide Flux in Autumn Across the Weddell Gyre and Offshore Dronning Maud Land in the Southern Ocean Margaret Ojone Ogundare Agneta Fransson Melissa Chierici Warren R. Joubert Alakendra N. Roychoudhury 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.614263 https://doaj.org/article/4b709380c9a24ae3aabe23763414a718 EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2020.614263/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2020.614263 https://doaj.org/article/4b709380c9a24ae3aabe23763414a718 Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 7 (2021) CO2 and biogeochemical drivers chlorophyll Antarctic coast Maud Rise Astrid Ridge sea ice Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.614263 2022-12-31T10:53:51Z Sea surface fugacity of carbon dioxide (fCO2ssw) was measured across the Weddell gyre and the eastern sector in the Atlantic Southern Ocean in autumn. During the occupation between February and April 2019, the region of the study transect was a potential ocean CO2 sink. A net CO2 flux (FCO2) of −6.2 (± 8; sink) mmol m–2 d–1 was estimated for the entire study region, with the largest average CO2 sink of −10.0 (± 8) mmol m–2 d–1 in the partly ice-covered Astrid Ridge (AR) region near the coast at 68°S and −6.1 (± 8) mmol m–2d–1 was observed in the Maud Rise (MR) region. A CO2 sink was also observed south of 66°S in the Weddell Sea (WS). To assess the main drivers describing the variability of fCO2ssw, a correlation model using fCO2 and oxygen saturation was considered. Spatial distributions of the fCO2 saturation/O2 saturation correlations, described relative to the surface water properties of the controlling variables (chlorophyll a, apparent oxygen utilization (AOU), sea surface temperature, and sea surface salinity) further constrained the interplay of the processes driving the fCO2ssw distributions. Photosynthetic CO2 drawdown significantly offsets the influence of the upwelling of CO2-rich waters in the central Weddell gyre and enhanced the CO2 sink in the region. FCO2 of −6.9 mmol m–2 d–1 estimated for the Weddell gyre in this study was different from FCO2 of −2.5 mmol m–2 d–1 in autumn estimated in a previous study. Due to low CO2 data coverage during autumn, limited sea-air CO2 flux estimates from direct sea-surface CO2 observations particularly for the Weddell gyre region are available with which to compare the values estimated in this study. This highlights the importance of increasing seasonal CO2 observations especially during autumn/winter to improving the seasonal coverage of flux estimates in the seasonal sea ice-covered regions of the Southern Ocean. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Dronning Maud Land Sea ice Southern Ocean Weddell Sea Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Antarctic Southern Ocean Weddell Sea Dronning Maud Land Weddell Maud Rise ENVELOPE(3.000,3.000,-66.000,-66.000) Astrid Ridge ENVELOPE(12.000,12.000,-68.000,-68.000) Frontiers in Marine Science 7 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
CO2 and biogeochemical drivers chlorophyll Antarctic coast Maud Rise Astrid Ridge sea ice Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
spellingShingle |
CO2 and biogeochemical drivers chlorophyll Antarctic coast Maud Rise Astrid Ridge sea ice Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 Margaret Ojone Ogundare Agneta Fransson Melissa Chierici Warren R. Joubert Alakendra N. Roychoudhury Variability of Sea-Air Carbon Dioxide Flux in Autumn Across the Weddell Gyre and Offshore Dronning Maud Land in the Southern Ocean |
topic_facet |
CO2 and biogeochemical drivers chlorophyll Antarctic coast Maud Rise Astrid Ridge sea ice Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
description |
Sea surface fugacity of carbon dioxide (fCO2ssw) was measured across the Weddell gyre and the eastern sector in the Atlantic Southern Ocean in autumn. During the occupation between February and April 2019, the region of the study transect was a potential ocean CO2 sink. A net CO2 flux (FCO2) of −6.2 (± 8; sink) mmol m–2 d–1 was estimated for the entire study region, with the largest average CO2 sink of −10.0 (± 8) mmol m–2 d–1 in the partly ice-covered Astrid Ridge (AR) region near the coast at 68°S and −6.1 (± 8) mmol m–2d–1 was observed in the Maud Rise (MR) region. A CO2 sink was also observed south of 66°S in the Weddell Sea (WS). To assess the main drivers describing the variability of fCO2ssw, a correlation model using fCO2 and oxygen saturation was considered. Spatial distributions of the fCO2 saturation/O2 saturation correlations, described relative to the surface water properties of the controlling variables (chlorophyll a, apparent oxygen utilization (AOU), sea surface temperature, and sea surface salinity) further constrained the interplay of the processes driving the fCO2ssw distributions. Photosynthetic CO2 drawdown significantly offsets the influence of the upwelling of CO2-rich waters in the central Weddell gyre and enhanced the CO2 sink in the region. FCO2 of −6.9 mmol m–2 d–1 estimated for the Weddell gyre in this study was different from FCO2 of −2.5 mmol m–2 d–1 in autumn estimated in a previous study. Due to low CO2 data coverage during autumn, limited sea-air CO2 flux estimates from direct sea-surface CO2 observations particularly for the Weddell gyre region are available with which to compare the values estimated in this study. This highlights the importance of increasing seasonal CO2 observations especially during autumn/winter to improving the seasonal coverage of flux estimates in the seasonal sea ice-covered regions of the Southern Ocean. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Margaret Ojone Ogundare Agneta Fransson Melissa Chierici Warren R. Joubert Alakendra N. Roychoudhury |
author_facet |
Margaret Ojone Ogundare Agneta Fransson Melissa Chierici Warren R. Joubert Alakendra N. Roychoudhury |
author_sort |
Margaret Ojone Ogundare |
title |
Variability of Sea-Air Carbon Dioxide Flux in Autumn Across the Weddell Gyre and Offshore Dronning Maud Land in the Southern Ocean |
title_short |
Variability of Sea-Air Carbon Dioxide Flux in Autumn Across the Weddell Gyre and Offshore Dronning Maud Land in the Southern Ocean |
title_full |
Variability of Sea-Air Carbon Dioxide Flux in Autumn Across the Weddell Gyre and Offshore Dronning Maud Land in the Southern Ocean |
title_fullStr |
Variability of Sea-Air Carbon Dioxide Flux in Autumn Across the Weddell Gyre and Offshore Dronning Maud Land in the Southern Ocean |
title_full_unstemmed |
Variability of Sea-Air Carbon Dioxide Flux in Autumn Across the Weddell Gyre and Offshore Dronning Maud Land in the Southern Ocean |
title_sort |
variability of sea-air carbon dioxide flux in autumn across the weddell gyre and offshore dronning maud land in the southern ocean |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.614263 https://doaj.org/article/4b709380c9a24ae3aabe23763414a718 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(3.000,3.000,-66.000,-66.000) ENVELOPE(12.000,12.000,-68.000,-68.000) |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean Weddell Sea Dronning Maud Land Weddell Maud Rise Astrid Ridge |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean Weddell Sea Dronning Maud Land Weddell Maud Rise Astrid Ridge |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Dronning Maud Land Sea ice Southern Ocean Weddell Sea |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Dronning Maud Land Sea ice Southern Ocean Weddell Sea |
op_source |
Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 7 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2020.614263/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2020.614263 https://doaj.org/article/4b709380c9a24ae3aabe23763414a718 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.614263 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
7 |
_version_ |
1766271802524303360 |