The acceleration of dissolved cobalt's ecological stoichiometry due to biological uptake, remineralization, and scavenging in the Atlantic Ocean
The stoichiometry of biological components and their influence on dissolved distributions have long been of interest in the study of the oceans. Cobalt has the smallest oceanic inventory of inorganic micronutrients and hence is particularly vulnerable to influence by internal oceanic processes inclu...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:4893e0484ce944b18968f07a579f1361 2023-05-15T17:36:09+02:00 The acceleration of dissolved cobalt's ecological stoichiometry due to biological uptake, remineralization, and scavenging in the Atlantic Ocean M. A. Saito A. E. Noble N. Hawco B. S. Twining D. C. Ohnemus S. G. John P. Lam T. M. Conway R. Johnson D. Moran M. McIlvin 2017-10-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4637-2017 https://doaj.org/article/4893e0484ce944b18968f07a579f1361 EN eng Copernicus Publications https://www.biogeosciences.net/14/4637/2017/bg-14-4637-2017.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4170 https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4189 doi:10.5194/bg-14-4637-2017 1726-4170 1726-4189 https://doaj.org/article/4893e0484ce944b18968f07a579f1361 Biogeosciences, Vol 14, Pp 4637-4662 (2017) Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 article 2017 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4637-2017 2022-12-31T13:07:57Z The stoichiometry of biological components and their influence on dissolved distributions have long been of interest in the study of the oceans. Cobalt has the smallest oceanic inventory of inorganic micronutrients and hence is particularly vulnerable to influence by internal oceanic processes including euphotic zone uptake, remineralization, and scavenging. Here we observe not only large variations in dCo : P stoichiometry but also the acceleration of those dCo : P ratios in the upper water column in response to several environmental processes. The ecological stoichiometry of total dissolved cobalt (dCo) was examined using data from a US North Atlantic GEOTRACES transect and from a zonal South Atlantic GEOTRACES-compliant transect (GA03/3_e and GAc01) by Redfieldian analysis of its statistical relationships with the macronutrient phosphate. Trends in the dissolved cobalt to phosphate (dCo : P) stoichiometric relationships were evident in the basin-scale vertical structure of cobalt, with positive dCo : P slopes in the euphotic zone and negative slopes found in the ocean interior and in coastal environments. The euphotic positive slopes were often found to accelerate towards the surface and this was interpreted as being due to the combined influence of depleted phosphate, phosphorus-sparing (conserving) mechanisms, increased alkaline phosphatase metalloenzyme production (a zinc or perhaps cobalt enzyme), and biochemical substitution of Co for depleted Zn. Consistent with this, dissolved Zn (dZn) was found to be drawn down to only 2-fold more than dCo, despite being more than 18-fold more abundant in the ocean interior. Particulate cobalt concentrations increased in abundance from the base of the euphotic zone to become ∼ 10 % of the overall cobalt inventory in the upper euphotic zone with high stoichiometric values of ∼ 400 µmol Co mol −1 P. Metaproteomic results from the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) station found cyanobacterial isoforms of the alkaline phosphatase enzyme to be prevalent in the ... Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Biogeosciences 14 20 4637 4662 |
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language |
English |
topic |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 |
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Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 M. A. Saito A. E. Noble N. Hawco B. S. Twining D. C. Ohnemus S. G. John P. Lam T. M. Conway R. Johnson D. Moran M. McIlvin The acceleration of dissolved cobalt's ecological stoichiometry due to biological uptake, remineralization, and scavenging in the Atlantic Ocean |
topic_facet |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
The stoichiometry of biological components and their influence on dissolved distributions have long been of interest in the study of the oceans. Cobalt has the smallest oceanic inventory of inorganic micronutrients and hence is particularly vulnerable to influence by internal oceanic processes including euphotic zone uptake, remineralization, and scavenging. Here we observe not only large variations in dCo : P stoichiometry but also the acceleration of those dCo : P ratios in the upper water column in response to several environmental processes. The ecological stoichiometry of total dissolved cobalt (dCo) was examined using data from a US North Atlantic GEOTRACES transect and from a zonal South Atlantic GEOTRACES-compliant transect (GA03/3_e and GAc01) by Redfieldian analysis of its statistical relationships with the macronutrient phosphate. Trends in the dissolved cobalt to phosphate (dCo : P) stoichiometric relationships were evident in the basin-scale vertical structure of cobalt, with positive dCo : P slopes in the euphotic zone and negative slopes found in the ocean interior and in coastal environments. The euphotic positive slopes were often found to accelerate towards the surface and this was interpreted as being due to the combined influence of depleted phosphate, phosphorus-sparing (conserving) mechanisms, increased alkaline phosphatase metalloenzyme production (a zinc or perhaps cobalt enzyme), and biochemical substitution of Co for depleted Zn. Consistent with this, dissolved Zn (dZn) was found to be drawn down to only 2-fold more than dCo, despite being more than 18-fold more abundant in the ocean interior. Particulate cobalt concentrations increased in abundance from the base of the euphotic zone to become ∼ 10 % of the overall cobalt inventory in the upper euphotic zone with high stoichiometric values of ∼ 400 µmol Co mol −1 P. Metaproteomic results from the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) station found cyanobacterial isoforms of the alkaline phosphatase enzyme to be prevalent in the ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
M. A. Saito A. E. Noble N. Hawco B. S. Twining D. C. Ohnemus S. G. John P. Lam T. M. Conway R. Johnson D. Moran M. McIlvin |
author_facet |
M. A. Saito A. E. Noble N. Hawco B. S. Twining D. C. Ohnemus S. G. John P. Lam T. M. Conway R. Johnson D. Moran M. McIlvin |
author_sort |
M. A. Saito |
title |
The acceleration of dissolved cobalt's ecological stoichiometry due to biological uptake, remineralization, and scavenging in the Atlantic Ocean |
title_short |
The acceleration of dissolved cobalt's ecological stoichiometry due to biological uptake, remineralization, and scavenging in the Atlantic Ocean |
title_full |
The acceleration of dissolved cobalt's ecological stoichiometry due to biological uptake, remineralization, and scavenging in the Atlantic Ocean |
title_fullStr |
The acceleration of dissolved cobalt's ecological stoichiometry due to biological uptake, remineralization, and scavenging in the Atlantic Ocean |
title_full_unstemmed |
The acceleration of dissolved cobalt's ecological stoichiometry due to biological uptake, remineralization, and scavenging in the Atlantic Ocean |
title_sort |
acceleration of dissolved cobalt's ecological stoichiometry due to biological uptake, remineralization, and scavenging in the atlantic ocean |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4637-2017 https://doaj.org/article/4893e0484ce944b18968f07a579f1361 |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_source |
Biogeosciences, Vol 14, Pp 4637-4662 (2017) |
op_relation |
https://www.biogeosciences.net/14/4637/2017/bg-14-4637-2017.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4170 https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4189 doi:10.5194/bg-14-4637-2017 1726-4170 1726-4189 https://doaj.org/article/4893e0484ce944b18968f07a579f1361 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4637-2017 |
container_title |
Biogeosciences |
container_volume |
14 |
container_issue |
20 |
container_start_page |
4637 |
op_container_end_page |
4662 |
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1766135551392481280 |