Precise identification of different stages of a tick, Ixodes granulatus Supino, 1897 (Acari: Ixodidae)
Objective: To identify different stages of Ixodes granulatus (I. granulatus) based on morphological characters prior to molecular identification which is significant for confirming and identifying the nymphal stages of I. granulatus. Methods: A total of 14 individuals of adult, engorged and nymphal...
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:4771d18140354ab785813519bdd8135d 2023-05-15T15:09:29+02:00 Precise identification of different stages of a tick, Ixodes granulatus Supino, 1897 (Acari: Ixodidae) Ernieenor Faraliana Che Lah Salmah Yaakop Mariana Ahamad Ernna George Shukor Md Nor 2016-07-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apjtb.2016.05.003 https://doaj.org/article/4771d18140354ab785813519bdd8135d EN eng Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2221169115309345 https://doaj.org/toc/2221-1691 2221-1691 doi:10.1016/j.apjtb.2016.05.003 https://doaj.org/article/4771d18140354ab785813519bdd8135d Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, Vol 6, Iss 7, Pp 597-604 (2016) Ticks Ixodes granulatus Cytochrome oxidase subunit I Morphology Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 article 2016 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apjtb.2016.05.003 2022-12-31T05:43:04Z Objective: To identify different stages of Ixodes granulatus (I. granulatus) based on morphological characters prior to molecular identification which is significant for confirming and identifying the nymphal stages of I. granulatus. Methods: A total of 14 individuals of adult, engorged and nymphal ticks collected from three different localities were examined morphologically using taxonomic keys, followed by PCR using cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI). Clustering analysis based on COI sequences was carried out by constructing neighbor-joining and maximum parsimony tree to clarify the genetic variation and diversity of local I. granulatus. Results: Based on external morphological characterizations, nine individuals (64.3%) were successfully identified as I. granulatus, while five individuals were recognized only as Ixodes sp. due to lack of morphological characters visible and development during that stage. Molecular analysis of local I. granulatus using COI gene revealed 93%–94% sequence homology from available sequence in GenBank and was in concordance with the morphological identification. Furthermore, a low intraspecific variation was observed among the species of I. granulatus collected from different localities (0%–3.7%). Conclusions: These findings demonstrated for the first time the establishment of COI gene for identifying I. granulatus nymphal tick which is of paramount importance to the control of potential tick-borne infections in Malaysia. Moreover, this study provides evidence that a combination of morphology and molecular data was corroborated as an accurate tool for tick identification. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 6 7 597 604 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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language |
English |
topic |
Ticks Ixodes granulatus Cytochrome oxidase subunit I Morphology Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 |
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Ticks Ixodes granulatus Cytochrome oxidase subunit I Morphology Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Ernieenor Faraliana Che Lah Salmah Yaakop Mariana Ahamad Ernna George Shukor Md Nor Precise identification of different stages of a tick, Ixodes granulatus Supino, 1897 (Acari: Ixodidae) |
topic_facet |
Ticks Ixodes granulatus Cytochrome oxidase subunit I Morphology Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 |
description |
Objective: To identify different stages of Ixodes granulatus (I. granulatus) based on morphological characters prior to molecular identification which is significant for confirming and identifying the nymphal stages of I. granulatus. Methods: A total of 14 individuals of adult, engorged and nymphal ticks collected from three different localities were examined morphologically using taxonomic keys, followed by PCR using cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI). Clustering analysis based on COI sequences was carried out by constructing neighbor-joining and maximum parsimony tree to clarify the genetic variation and diversity of local I. granulatus. Results: Based on external morphological characterizations, nine individuals (64.3%) were successfully identified as I. granulatus, while five individuals were recognized only as Ixodes sp. due to lack of morphological characters visible and development during that stage. Molecular analysis of local I. granulatus using COI gene revealed 93%–94% sequence homology from available sequence in GenBank and was in concordance with the morphological identification. Furthermore, a low intraspecific variation was observed among the species of I. granulatus collected from different localities (0%–3.7%). Conclusions: These findings demonstrated for the first time the establishment of COI gene for identifying I. granulatus nymphal tick which is of paramount importance to the control of potential tick-borne infections in Malaysia. Moreover, this study provides evidence that a combination of morphology and molecular data was corroborated as an accurate tool for tick identification. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ernieenor Faraliana Che Lah Salmah Yaakop Mariana Ahamad Ernna George Shukor Md Nor |
author_facet |
Ernieenor Faraliana Che Lah Salmah Yaakop Mariana Ahamad Ernna George Shukor Md Nor |
author_sort |
Ernieenor Faraliana Che Lah |
title |
Precise identification of different stages of a tick, Ixodes granulatus Supino, 1897 (Acari: Ixodidae) |
title_short |
Precise identification of different stages of a tick, Ixodes granulatus Supino, 1897 (Acari: Ixodidae) |
title_full |
Precise identification of different stages of a tick, Ixodes granulatus Supino, 1897 (Acari: Ixodidae) |
title_fullStr |
Precise identification of different stages of a tick, Ixodes granulatus Supino, 1897 (Acari: Ixodidae) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Precise identification of different stages of a tick, Ixodes granulatus Supino, 1897 (Acari: Ixodidae) |
title_sort |
precise identification of different stages of a tick, ixodes granulatus supino, 1897 (acari: ixodidae) |
publisher |
Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apjtb.2016.05.003 https://doaj.org/article/4771d18140354ab785813519bdd8135d |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, Vol 6, Iss 7, Pp 597-604 (2016) |
op_relation |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2221169115309345 https://doaj.org/toc/2221-1691 2221-1691 doi:10.1016/j.apjtb.2016.05.003 https://doaj.org/article/4771d18140354ab785813519bdd8135d |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apjtb.2016.05.003 |
container_title |
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine |
container_volume |
6 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
597 |
op_container_end_page |
604 |
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1766340674120056832 |