Differentiating between Underwater Construction Noise of Monopile and Jacket Foundations for Offshore Windmills: A Case Study from the Belgian Part of the North Sea
Steel monopiles, jackets requiring four steel pinpiles, and gravity-based foundations were applied in offshore wind farms in the Belgian part of the North Sea. This paper compares the underwater noise generated during the piling activities of steel monopiles at the Belwind wind farm (Blighbank) with...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:471e434fda59410dba9e82a2fb07574a 2024-10-20T14:09:16+00:00 Differentiating between Underwater Construction Noise of Monopile and Jacket Foundations for Offshore Windmills: A Case Study from the Belgian Part of the North Sea Alain Michel Jules Norro Bob Rumes Steven Johan Degraer 2013-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/897624 https://doaj.org/article/471e434fda59410dba9e82a2fb07574a EN eng Hindawi Limited http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/897624 https://doaj.org/toc/1537-744X doi:10.1155/2013/897624 https://doaj.org/article/471e434fda59410dba9e82a2fb07574a The Scientific World Journal, Vol 2013 (2013) Technology T Medicine R Science Q article 2013 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/897624 2024-10-09T17:27:38Z Steel monopiles, jackets requiring four steel pinpiles, and gravity-based foundations were applied in offshore wind farms in the Belgian part of the North Sea. This paper compares the underwater noise generated during the piling activities of steel monopiles at the Belwind wind farm (Blighbank) with that of jacket pinpiles at the C-Power project (Thorntonbank). Underwater noise was measured at various distances from the pile driving location. The underwater noise was quantified by its zero to peak sound pressure level (), unweighted sound exposure level (SEL), cumulative SEL, and 1/3 octave spectra. No significant differences in could be demonstrated (monopile : 179–194 dB re 1 μPa, jacket : 172–189 dB re 1 μPa). SEL showed no statistical difference between monopile and jacket and varied between 145 and 168 dB re 1 μPa2s. Furthermore, near identical spectra were measured for both types of piling. Piling of the jacket pinpiles took, however, about 2.5 times the time of the monopile. When standardised to megawatt installed per foundation both types of piling scored near equally. As an illustration, the radius of major behavioural disturbance ( dB re 1 μPa) in the harbour porpoise Phocoena phocoena was estimated by a model at 16 km for monopiles and at 8 km for jacket. Article in Journal/Newspaper Harbour porpoise Phocoena phocoena Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles The Scientific World Journal 2013 1 7 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Technology T Medicine R Science Q |
spellingShingle |
Technology T Medicine R Science Q Alain Michel Jules Norro Bob Rumes Steven Johan Degraer Differentiating between Underwater Construction Noise of Monopile and Jacket Foundations for Offshore Windmills: A Case Study from the Belgian Part of the North Sea |
topic_facet |
Technology T Medicine R Science Q |
description |
Steel monopiles, jackets requiring four steel pinpiles, and gravity-based foundations were applied in offshore wind farms in the Belgian part of the North Sea. This paper compares the underwater noise generated during the piling activities of steel monopiles at the Belwind wind farm (Blighbank) with that of jacket pinpiles at the C-Power project (Thorntonbank). Underwater noise was measured at various distances from the pile driving location. The underwater noise was quantified by its zero to peak sound pressure level (), unweighted sound exposure level (SEL), cumulative SEL, and 1/3 octave spectra. No significant differences in could be demonstrated (monopile : 179–194 dB re 1 μPa, jacket : 172–189 dB re 1 μPa). SEL showed no statistical difference between monopile and jacket and varied between 145 and 168 dB re 1 μPa2s. Furthermore, near identical spectra were measured for both types of piling. Piling of the jacket pinpiles took, however, about 2.5 times the time of the monopile. When standardised to megawatt installed per foundation both types of piling scored near equally. As an illustration, the radius of major behavioural disturbance ( dB re 1 μPa) in the harbour porpoise Phocoena phocoena was estimated by a model at 16 km for monopiles and at 8 km for jacket. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Alain Michel Jules Norro Bob Rumes Steven Johan Degraer |
author_facet |
Alain Michel Jules Norro Bob Rumes Steven Johan Degraer |
author_sort |
Alain Michel Jules Norro |
title |
Differentiating between Underwater Construction Noise of Monopile and Jacket Foundations for Offshore Windmills: A Case Study from the Belgian Part of the North Sea |
title_short |
Differentiating between Underwater Construction Noise of Monopile and Jacket Foundations for Offshore Windmills: A Case Study from the Belgian Part of the North Sea |
title_full |
Differentiating between Underwater Construction Noise of Monopile and Jacket Foundations for Offshore Windmills: A Case Study from the Belgian Part of the North Sea |
title_fullStr |
Differentiating between Underwater Construction Noise of Monopile and Jacket Foundations for Offshore Windmills: A Case Study from the Belgian Part of the North Sea |
title_full_unstemmed |
Differentiating between Underwater Construction Noise of Monopile and Jacket Foundations for Offshore Windmills: A Case Study from the Belgian Part of the North Sea |
title_sort |
differentiating between underwater construction noise of monopile and jacket foundations for offshore windmills: a case study from the belgian part of the north sea |
publisher |
Hindawi Limited |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/897624 https://doaj.org/article/471e434fda59410dba9e82a2fb07574a |
genre |
Harbour porpoise Phocoena phocoena |
genre_facet |
Harbour porpoise Phocoena phocoena |
op_source |
The Scientific World Journal, Vol 2013 (2013) |
op_relation |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/897624 https://doaj.org/toc/1537-744X doi:10.1155/2013/897624 https://doaj.org/article/471e434fda59410dba9e82a2fb07574a |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/897624 |
container_title |
The Scientific World Journal |
container_volume |
2013 |
container_start_page |
1 |
op_container_end_page |
7 |
_version_ |
1813448728351080448 |